Bridging the Gap Between Scheduling Algorithms and Scheduler Implementations in Time-triggered Embedded Systems
Author: Mouaaz Nahas
Publisher:
Published: 2009
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13:
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Time-Triggered Embedded Systems
Author: Mouaaz Nahas
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Published: 2013
Total Pages: 580
ISBN-13: 9783659380471
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe work described in this book attempts to address the gap between scheduling theory and its practical implementation in real-time, resource-constrained embedded systems. Therefore, a simple technique, called Scheduler Test Case (STC), is proposed to explore the behaviour of a particular real-time scheduler implementation under different operating conditions. The focus of this work is on single-processor embedded systems employing Time-Triggered Co-operative (TTC) algorithm as a good match for many safety-critical applications. STC is a testing method which facilitates an empirical "black-box" comparison between the behaviour of representative implementations of the TTC algorithm. The STC technique is also used to evaluate the behaviour of multi-processor embedded designs employing Shared-Clock (S-C) scheduling architectures and TTC algorithm on the Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol. Here, the STC technique explores the impact of the S-C scheduler implementation on the overall timing and communication behaviour of the system. The book concludes by listing the key advantages of the developed STC technique and suggests some ideas for future work.
Embedded Systems
Author: Kiyofumi Tanaka
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Published: 2012-03-02
Total Pages: 444
ISBN-13: 9535101676
DOWNLOAD EBOOKNowadays, embedded systems - the computer systems that are embedded in various kinds of devices and play an important role of specific control functions, have permitted various aspects of industry. Therefore, we can hardly discuss our life and society from now onwards without referring to embedded systems. For wide-ranging embedded systems to continue their growth, a number of high-quality fundamental and applied researches are indispensable. This book contains 19 excellent chapters and addresses a wide spectrum of research topics on embedded systems, including basic researches, theoretical studies, and practical work. Embedded systems can be made only after fusing miscellaneous technologies together. Various technologies condensed in this book will be helpful to researchers and engineers around the world.
Future-Proof Software-Systems
Author: Frank J. Furrer
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2019-09-25
Total Pages: 376
ISBN-13: 3658199385
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book focuses on software architecture and the value of architecture in the development of long-lived, mission-critical, trustworthy software-systems. The author introduces and demonstrates the powerful strategy of “Managed Evolution,” along with the engineering best practice known as “Principle-based Architecting.” The book examines in detail architecture principles for e.g., Business Value, Changeability, Resilience, and Dependability. The author argues that the software development community has a strong responsibility to produce and operate useful, dependable, and trustworthy software. Software should at the same time provide business value and guarantee many quality-of-service properties, including security, safety, performance, and integrity. As Dr. Furrer states, “Producing dependable software is a balancing act between investing in the implementation of business functionality and investing in the quality-of-service properties of the software-systems.” The book presents extensive coverage of such concepts as: Principle-Based Architecting Managed Evolution Strategy The Future Principles for Business Value Legacy Software Modernization/Migration Architecture Principles for Changeability Architecture Principles for Resilience Architecture Principles for Dependability The text is supplemented with numerous figures, tables, examples and illustrative quotations. Future-Proof Software-Systems provides a set of good engineering practices, devised for integration into most software development processes dedicated to the creation of software-systems that incorporate Managed Evolution.
Techniques for Scheduling Time-triggered Resource-constrained Embedded Systems
Author: Ayman Khalifa Ghaly Gendy
Publisher:
Published: 2009
Total Pages:
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKIt is often argued that time-triggered (TT) architectures are the most suitable basis for safety-related applications as their use tends to result in highly-predictable system behaviour. This predictability is increased when TT architectures are coupled with the use of co-operative (or "non pre-emptive") task sets. Despite many attractive properties, such "time-triggered co-operative" (TTC) and related "time-triggered hybrid" (TTH) architectures rarely receive much attention in the research literature. One important reason for this is that these designs are seen to be "fragile": that is, small changes to the task set may require revisions to the whole schedule. Such revisions are seen as challenging and time consuming. To tackle this problem two novel algorithms (TTSA1 and TTSA2), which help to automate the process of scheduler selection and configuration, are introduced. While searching for a workable schedule, both the algorithms try to ensure that all task constraints are met, a co-operative scheduler is used whenever possible and the power consumption is kept as low as possible. The effectiveness of these algorithms is tested by means of empirical trials. Both TTSA1 and TTSA2, like most of scheduling algorithms introduced in the literature, rely on knowledge of task worst-case execution time (WCET). Unfortunately, determining the WCET of tasks is rarely straightforward. Even in situations where accurate WCET estimates are available at design time, variations in task execution time, between its best-case execution time (BCET) and its WCET, may still affect the system predictability and/or violate task constraints. In an effort to address this problem, a set of code-balancing techniques is introduced. Using an empirical study it is demonstrated that these techniques help in reducing the variations in task execution time, and hence increase the system predictability. These goals are achieved with a reduced power-consumption overhead, compared to alternative solutions.
Practical UML Statecharts in C/C++
Author: Miro Samek
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2008-10-03
Total Pages: 745
ISBN-13: 148224926X
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPractical UML Statecharts in C/C++ Second Edition bridges the gap between high-level abstract concepts of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and the actual programming aspects of modern hierarchical state machines (UML statecharts). The book describes a lightweight, open source, event-driven infrastructure, called QP that enables direct manual cod
Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing
Author: Tei-Wei Kuo
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2007-11-25
Total Pages: 789
ISBN-13: 3540770925
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing, EUC 2007, held in Taipei, Taiwan, in December 2007. The 65 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 217 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections. They include sections on power aware computing, reconfigurable embedded systems, wireless networks, real-time/embedded operating systems, and embedded system architectures.
Static Schedulers for Embedded Real-Time Systems
Author: Murat Kilic
Publisher:
Published: 1989
Total Pages: 159
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKBecause of the need for having efficient scheduling algorithms in large scale real time systems, software engineers put a lot of effort on developing scheduling algorithms with high performance. But algorithms, developed up to now, are not perfect for all cases. At this stage, instead of having one scheduling algorithm in the system, more than one different algorithm which will try to find a feasible solution to the scheduling problem according to the initial properties of tasks would be very useful to reach a high performance scheduling for the system. This report presents the effort to provide static schedulers for he Embedded Real Time Systems with single processor using Ada programming language. The independent nonpreemptable algorithms used in three static schedulers are run according to the timing constraints and precedence relationships of the critical operators extracted from high level source program. The final schedule guarantees that timing constraints for the critical jobs are met. The primary goal of this report is to support the Computer Aided Rapid Prototyping for Embedded Real Time Systems so that we determine whether the system, as designed, meets the required timing specifications. Secondary goal is to demonstrate the significance of Ada as the implementation language and a modeling prototyping system. Keywords: Static schedulers, Single processor scheduling, Theses.
Optimal and Robust Scheduling for Networked Control Systems
Author: Stefano Longo
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2013-03-26
Total Pages: 280
ISBN-13: 1466569549
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOptimal and Robust Scheduling for Networked Control Systems tackles the problem of integrating system components—controllers, sensors, and actuators—in a networked control system. It is common practice in industry to solve such problems heuristically, because the few theoretical results available are not comprehensive and cannot be readily applied by practitioners. This book offers a solution to the deterministic scheduling problem that is based on rigorous control theoretical tools but also addresses practical implementation issues. Helping to bridge the gap between control theory and computer science, it suggests that the consideration of communication constraints at the design stage will significantly improve the performance of the control system. Technical Results, Design Techniques, and Practical Applications The book brings together well-known measures for robust performance as well as fast stochastic algorithms to assist designers in selecting the best network configuration and guaranteeing the speed of offline optimization. The authors propose a unifying framework for modelling NCSs with time-triggered communication and present technical results. They also introduce design techniques, including for the codesign of a controller and communication sequence and for the robust design of a communication sequence for a given controller. Case studies explore the use of the FlexRay TDMA and time-triggered control area network (CAN) protocols in an automotive control system. Practical Solutions to Your Time-Triggered Communication Problems This unique book develops ready-to-use engineering tools for large-scale control system integration with a focus on robustness and performance. It emphasizes techniques that are directly applicable to time-triggered communication problems in the automotive industry and in avionics, robotics, and automated manufacturing.
Design Principles for Embedded Systems
Author: KCS Murti
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2021-09-20
Total Pages: 465
ISBN-13: 9811632936
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe book is designed to serve as a textbook for courses offered to graduate and undergraduate students enrolled in electronics and electrical engineering and computer science. This book attempts to bridge the gap between electronics and computer science students, providing complementary knowledge that is essential for designing an embedded system. The book covers key concepts tailored for embedded system design in one place. The topics covered in this book are models and architectures, Executable Specific Languages – SystemC, Unified Modeling Language, real-time systems, real-time operating systems, networked embedded systems, Embedded Processor architectures, and platforms that are secured and energy-efficient. A major segment of embedded systems needs hard real-time requirements. This textbook includes real-time concepts including algorithms and real-time operating system standards like POSIX threads. Embedded systems are mostly distributed and networked for deterministic responses. The book covers how to design networked embedded systems with appropriate protocols for real-time requirements. Each chapter contains 2-3 solved case studies and 10 real-world problems as exercises to provide detailed coverage and essential pedagogical tools that make this an ideal textbook for students enrolled in electrical and electronics engineering and computer science programs.
