Offers a comprehensive treatment of anaerobes, a common and important group of microbes which thrive where oxygen is absent. Details significant aspects of anaerobe physiology, especially those relevant to geochemical cycles and biodegradation. Also included are discussions of their habitats and the characteristics of key groups of anaerobes.
Seeming sometimes more like science fiction than science, anaerobic bacteria have been at the center of a number of exciting new discoveries. This volume discusses and explains the diversity of metabolism, modes of protein transport, molecular biology and physiology of these unusual microbes. It has practical applications ranging from wastewater treatment to clinical diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions.
Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical degradation process that converts complex organic material, such as animal manure, into methane and other byproducts. Part of the author's Wastewater Microbiology series, Microbiology of Anareboic Digesters eschews technical jargon to deliver a practical, how-to guide for wastewater plant operators.
This book is appropriate for advanced undergraduate students of micro biology and biological sciences in universities and colleges, as well as for research workers entering the field and requiring a broad contemporary view of anaerobic bacteria and associated concepts. Obligate anaerobes, together with microaerophils, are characterized by their sensitivity to oxygen. This dictates specialized laboratory methods a fact which has led to many students being less familiar with anaerobes than their distribution and importance would warrant The metabolic strategies such as methanogenesis, an oxygenic photosynthesis and diverse fermenta tive pathways which do not have equivalents in aerobic bacteria also make anaerobes worthy of attention. In these limited pages an attempt has been made to cover the varied aspects of anaerobic bacteria, and a bibliography has been included, which will allow individual topics to be pursued in greater detail. We are grateful to Mrs Winifred Webster and Mrs Hilary Holdsworth for typing the manuscript and to the Leeds University Audio Visual Service for preparing the figures. Finally, our thanks go to the students, postgradu ates and wives who read and criticized the manuscript.
Recent determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria has made in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function essential in order to give biochemical, physiological, and ecological meaning to the genomic information. Clearly describing the important metabolic processes that occur in prokaryotes under different conditions and in different environments, this advanced text provides an overview of the key cellular processes that determine bacterial roles in the environment, biotechnology, and human health. Prokaryotic structure is described as well as the means by which nutrients are transported into cells across membranes. Glucose metabolism through glycolysis and the TCA cycle are discussed, as well as other trophic variations found in prokaryotes, including the use of organic compounds, anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic respiratory processes, and photosynthesis. The regulation of metabolism through control of gene expression and control of the activity of enzymes is also covered, as well as survival mechanisms used under starvation conditions.
Mitochondria are sometimes called the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells, because mitochondria are the site of ATP synthesis in the cell. ATP is the universal energy currency, it provides the power that runs all other life processes. Humans need oxygen to survive because of ATP synthesis in mitochondria. The sugars from our diet are converted to carbon dioxide in mitochondria in a process that requires oxygen. Just like a fire needs oxygen to burn, our mitochondria need oxygen to make ATP. From textbooks and popular literature one can easily get the impression that all mitochondria require oxygen. But that is not the case. There are many groups of organismsm known that make ATP in mitochondria without the help of oxygen. They have preserved biochemical relicts from the early evolution of eukaryotic cells, which took place during times in Earth history when there was hardly any oxygen avaiable, certainly not enough to breathe. How the anaerobic forms of mitochondria work, in which organisms they occur, and how the eukaryotic anaerobes that possess them fit into the larger picture of rising atmospheric oxygen during Earth history are the topic of this book.
Ideal for both practitioners and students, this comprehensive resource covers the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious disease in horses. Organized by infectious agent — virus, bacterial and rickettsial, protazoal, and fungal — it includes complete coverage of the individual diseases caused by each type of agent. A section on clinical problems examines conditions such as ocular infections, CNS infections, and skin infections. It also addresses the importance of preventing and controlling infectious disease outbreaks with coverage of epidemiology, biosecurity, antimicrobial therapy, and recognizing foreign equine diseases. - Full-color photos and illustrations provide clear, accurate representations of the clinical appearance of infectious diseases. - Features the most recent information on the global threat of newly emergent diseases such as African Horse Sickness. - Includes a comprehensive section on the prevention and control of infectious diseases. - More than 60 expert contributors share their knowledge and expertise in equine infectious disease. - A companion CD-ROM, packaged with the book, includes complete references linked to PubMed. - NEW! The most up-to-date coverage of equine piroplasmosis reflects what experts have learned as more outbreaks of this tick-borne disease have occurred in the US. - NEW! Content on EHV-1 keeps you current on the diagnosis and treatment of this potentially serious disease in horses. - NEW! Information on how global climate changes are creating more diseases in horses keeps you alert to the possibilities of new and emerging diseases worldwide. - NEW! Expanded coverage of biosecurity on farms and in veterinary practices helps you develop an effective biosecurity program and emphasizes how to isolate or eliminate the source of infectious agents. - NEW! Additional clinical algorithms offer detailed prevention strategies in addition to diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines. - NEW! New appendix of product and diagnostic test kit manufacturers on the companion website, gives you access to the most current products and advances available in equine medicine.
Strict and Facultative Anaerobes: Medical and Environmental Aspects reviews all aspects of anaerobic bacteria, highlighting their environmental and medical importance. The first three chapters focus on taxonomy, anaerobic metabolism and the genetic regulation of anaerobic processes in strict and facultative anaerobes. The next section includes an examination of the physiological traits of anaerobic bacteria that enable them to be beneficial in one situation but hazardous to human and animal health in others. Other topics include the anaerobic nature of infections, latency, anaerobic biofilms, and toxin production. The final section reviews iron, selenate, and arsenate reduction, as well as oxidation of halogenated organics, ammonium oxidation, and acetogenesis. This important book provides detailed coverage of the wide-ranging capabilities of anaerobic bacteria. It examines their basic biology and chemistry, medical importance, and applications in biotechnology and environmental science. It is an essential reference for everyone interested in anaerobic bacteria, environmental biology, medical microbiology, and industrial bacteriology.
This book Periprosthetic Joint Infection is a portable guide to the practical management of surgical site infections following orthopedic procedures. It designed to help answer clinician's questions regarding the prevention and treatment of periprosthetic infections. It organized for rapid review, featuring evidence reviews, pitfalls, Rothman Institute Current Practices and Controversies. The guide is being included in the course materials for the 29th Annual Current Concepts in Joint Replacement® (CCJR) meeting thanks to a generous educational grant from 3M Health Care.
