This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil. The process examined is based on a supercritical fluid technology. In this process, glycerol generated is decomposed into smaller fuel components. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Refined Vegetable Oil
This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil using a heterogeneous catalysis process. The process examined is similar to Axens Esterfip-H process. In this process, crude glycerol is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 7151187, issued to Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP) in 2006 (2) US Patent 9029583, issued to Council of Scientific & Industrial Research in 2015 Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Solid Catalyst, Refined Vegetable Oil
This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil. The process examined is based on a catalytic distillation. In this process, technical grade glycerol is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Refined Vegetable Oil
This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil. The process examined is a typical alkaline catalysis process. In this process, crude glycerol is generated as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8758457, issued to Petrobras in 2014 (2) US Patent 20050204612, issued to Connemann in 2005 Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Refined Vegetable Oil
This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil. The process examined is similar to Connemann process. In this process, the obtained crude glycerol is purified, generating pharmaceutical grade glycerol as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) EP Patent 0562504, issued to Connemann in 1995 (2) WO Patent 2007113530, issued to Greenergy Biofuels in 2007 Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Refined Vegetable Oil, Deglycerolization
This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil using a heterogeneous catalysis process. The process examined is similar to Axens Esterfip-H process. In this process, the obtained crude glycerol is purified, generating pharmaceutical grade glycerol as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 7151187, issued to Institut Français du Pétrole (IFP) in 2006 (2) US Patent 9029583, issued to Council of Scientific & Industrial Research in 2015 Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Solid Catalyst, Refined Vegetable Oil
This report presents a cost analysis of Biodiesel production from soybean oil. The process examined is a typical alkaline catalysis process. In this process, the obtained crude glycerol is purified, generating pharmaceutical grade glycerol as by-product. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8758457, issued to Petrobras in 2014 (2) US Patent 20050204612, issued to Connemann in 2005 Keywords: Fatty Acid Methyl Ester, FAME, Glycerin, Transesterification, Refined Vegetable Oil
Pyridines: From Lab to Production provides a synthetic armory of tools to aid the practicing chemist by reviewing the most reliable historical methods alongside new methods/ Written by scientists who have actually used these in synthesis. By emphasizing tricks and tips to optimize reactions for the best yields and purity, which are often missing from the primary literature, this book provides another dimension for the synthetic chemist. A combined academic and industrial approach evaluates the best methods for different scales of reaction and discusses practical tips (e.g. when to stop a reaction early to maximize purity or when to re-use side products). Chapters also assess whether to make or source starting materials, how to connect them and what are the best synthetic routes. The book is designed to be a stand-alone reference, but also provides cross references to leading reviews and the Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry reference works for those who want to learn more. - Reviews tried and tested practical methods to help the reader select the best method for their research - Includes tips, tricks and hints to enable the reader to get the best yield or cleanest product out of their reaction for synthesising or transforming a pyridine derivative - Written by both academic researchers and industry leaders this provides a unique view of how to get the most out of a reaction no matter what scale you are running this on
After air, water is the most crucial resource for human survival. To achieve water sustainability, we will have to deal with its scarcity and quality, and find ways to reclaim it from various sources. Chemistry and Water: The Science Behind Sustaining the World's Most Crucial Resource applies contemporary and sophisticated separation science and chromatographic methods to address the pressing worldwide concerns of potable water for drinking and safe water for irrigation to raise food for communities around the world. Edited and authored by world-leading analytical chemists, the book presents the latest research and solutions on topics including water quality and pollution, water treatment technologies and practices, watershed management, water quality and food production, challenges to achieving sustainable water supplies, water reclamation techniques, and wastewater reuse. - Explores the role water plays to assure our survival and maintain life - Provides valuable information from world leaders in chemistry and water research - Addresses water challenges and solutions globally to ensure sustainability
Structurally the work is demarcated into the six most popular areas of research: (1) biocompatibility of nanomaterials with living organisms in their various manifestations (2) nanobiosensors for clinical diagnostics, detecting biomolecules which are useful in the clinical diagnosis of genetic, metabolically acquired, induced or infectious disease (3) targeted drug delivery for nanomaterials in their various modifications (4) nanomedical devices and structures which are used in the development of implantable medical devices and structures such as nanorobots (5) nanopharmacology, as novel nanoparticles are increasingly engineered to diagnose conditions and recognize pathogens, identify ideal pharmaceutical agents to treat the condition or pathogens, fuel high-yield production of matched pharmaceuticals (potentially in vivo), locate, attach or enter target tissue,
