Plasma Kinetics in Atmospheric Gases
Plasma Kinetics in Atmospheric Gases

Author: M. Capitelli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-03-09

Total Pages: 302

ISBN-13: 3662041588

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Emphasis is placed on the analysis of translational, rotational, vibrational and electronically excited state kinetics, coupled to the electron Boltzmann equation.

Methane Conversion
Methane Conversion

Author: D.M. Bibby

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1988-03-01

Total Pages: 759

ISBN-13: 0080960707

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This proceedings volume comprises the invited plenary lectures, contributed and poster papers presented at a symposium organised to mark the successful inauguration of the world's first commercial plant for production of gasoline from natural gas, based on the Mobil methanol-to-gasoline process. The objectives of the Symposium were to present both fundamental research and engineering aspects of the development and commercialization of gas-to-gasoline processes. These include steam reforming, methanol synthesis and methanol-to-gasoline. Possible alternative processes e.g. MOGD, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons, and the direct conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons were also considered.The papers in this volume provide a valuable and extremely wide-ranging overview of current research into the various options for natural gas conversion, giving a detailed description of the gas-to-gasoline process and plant. Together, they represent a unique combination of fundamental surface chemistry catalyst characterization, reaction chemistry and engineering scale-up and commercialization.

Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics
Fundamental Aspects of Plasma Chemical Physics

Author: Mario Capitelli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2015-11-26

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 1441981853

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Describing non-equilibrium "cold" plasmas through a chemical physics approach, this book uses the state-to-state plasma kinetics, which considers each internal state as a new species with its own cross sections. Extended atomic and molecular master equations are coupled with Boltzmann and Monte Carlo methods to solve the electron energy distribution function. Selected examples in different applied fields, such as microelectronics, fusion, and aerospace, are presented and discussed including the self-consistent kinetics in RF parallel plate reactors, the optimization of negative ion sources and the expansion of high enthalpy flows through nozzles of different geometries. The book will cover the main aspects of the state-to-state kinetic approach for the description of nonequilibrium cold plasmas, illustrating the more recent achievements in the development of kinetic models including the self-consistent coupling of master equations and Boltzmann equation for electron dynamics. To give a complete portrayal, the book will assess fundamental concepts and theoretical formulations, based on a unified methodological approach, and explore the insight in related scientific problems still opened for the research community.

Plasma Catalysis
Plasma Catalysis

Author: Annemie Bogaerts

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2019-04-02

Total Pages: 248

ISBN-13: 3038977500

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Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.

Low Temperature Plasma Technology
Low Temperature Plasma Technology

Author: Paul K. Chu

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2013-07-15

Total Pages: 497

ISBN-13: 1466509902

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Written by a team of pioneering scientists from around the world, Low Temperature Plasma Technology: Methods and Applications brings together recent technological advances and research in the rapidly growing field of low temperature plasmas. The book provides a comprehensive overview of related phenomena such as plasma bullets, plasma penetration into biofilms, discharge-mode transition of atmospheric pressure plasmas, and self-organization of microdischarges. It describes relevant technology and diagnostics, including nanosecond pulsed discharge, cavity ringdown spectroscopy, and laser-induced fluorescence measurement, and explores the increasing research on atmospheric pressure nonequilibrium plasma jets. The authors also discuss how low temperature plasmas are used in the synthesis of nanomaterials, environmental applications, the treatment of biomaterials, and plasma medicine. This book provides a balanced and thorough treatment of the core principles, novel technology and diagnostics, and state-of-the-art applications of low temperature plasmas. It is accessible to scientists and graduate students in low-pressure plasma physics, nanotechnology, plasma medicine, and materials science. The book is also suitable as an advanced reference for senior undergraduate students.

Hydrogen for Future Thermal Engines
Hydrogen for Future Thermal Engines

Author: Efstathios-Al. Tingas

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2023-07-14

Total Pages: 586

ISBN-13: 3031284127

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This book explores the potential of hydrogen combustion in thermal engines and serves as a foundation for future research. Hydrogen, a well-established energy carrier, has been used in internal combustion engines for centuries, but despite progress and industry interest, hydrogen engines have yet to reach mass production. In light of recent efforts to combat climate change with clean energy and environmentally-friendly technologies, the use of hydrogen in thermal engines is gaining momentum. This book examines the unique challenges of hydrogen combustion due to its wide flammability limits, high auto-ignition temperature, and high diffusivity. It reviews current knowledge on the fundamental and practical aspects of hydrogen combustion and considers current developments and potential future advancement.