Assessment of Ultrafiltration Membrane Ageing in Full-scale Water Treatment Facilities
Assessment of Ultrafiltration Membrane Ageing in Full-scale Water Treatment Facilities

Author: Jia Bian

Publisher:

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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The incorporation of ultrafiltration has become increasingly prevalent in drinking water treatment. However, limited data exists regarding the impacts of membrane ageing over extended periods of full-scale operation. The present study examined performance factors (clean membrane resistance, fouling rate, and susceptibility to breach), as well as characteristics (presence of hydrophilic additive (HA) present in membranes) for polyvinylidene fluoride membranes that are widely employed. Clean membrane resistance remained constant over time, whereas the fouling rate decreased with age. Surface and bulk HA content were observed to decrease with age. However, poor correlations were observed between HA content and clean membrane resistance. Results suggest that although a reduction of HA occurs as membranes age, membranes continued to provide good treatment performance until they reached a certain level of HA content reduction that was site-specific. Overall, these findings provide important insights regarding the mechanisms associated with membrane ageing.

Stantec's Water Treatment
Stantec's Water Treatment

Author: John C. Crittenden

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2022-11-08

Total Pages: 1956

ISBN-13: 1119820065

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The updated third edition of the definitive guide to water treatment engineering, now with all-new online content Stantec's Water Treatment: Principles and Design provides comprehensive coverage of the principles, theory, and practice of water treatment engineering. Written by world-renowned experts in the field of public water supply, this authoritative volume covers all key aspects of water treatment engineering, including plant design, water chemistry and microbiology, water filtration and disinfection, residuals management, internal corrosion of water conduits, regulatory requirements, and more. The updated third edition of this industry-standard reference includes an entirely new chapter on potable reuse, the recycling of treated wastewater into the water supply using engineered advanced treatment technologies. QR codes embedded throughout the book connect the reader to online resources, including case studies and high-quality photographs and videos of real-world water treatment facilities. This edition provides instructors with access to additional resources via a companion website. Contains in-depth chapters on processes such as coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation, ion exchange, adsorption, and gas transfer Details membrane filtration technologies, advanced oxidation, and potable reuse Addresses ongoing environmental concerns, pharmacological agents in the water supply, and treatment strategies Describes reverse osmosis applications for brackish groundwater, wastewater, and other water sources Includes high-quality images and illustrations, useful appendices, tables of chemical properties and design data, and more than 450 exercises with worked solutions Stantec's Water Treatment: Principles and Design, Updated Third Edition remains an indispensable resource for engineers designing or operating water treatment plants, and is an essential textbook for students of civil, environmental, and water resources engineering.

Water Treatment Membrane Processes
Water Treatment Membrane Processes

Author: Lyonnaise des eaux-Dumez (Firm)

Publisher: American Water Works Association

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 738

ISBN-13: 0070015597

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With global demand for water in the 20th century expected to increase ten-fold, this work focuses on the membrane filtration issues for drinking water.

Assessment, Optimization, and Enhancement of Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane Processes in Potable Water Treatment
Assessment, Optimization, and Enhancement of Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane Processes in Potable Water Treatment

Author: Christopher C. Boyd

Publisher:

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13:

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This dissertation reports on research related to ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in drinking water applications. A pilot-scale investigation identified seasonal surface water quality impacts on UF performance and resulted in the development of a dynamic chemically enhanced backwash protocol for fouling management. Subsequent analysis of UF process data revealed limitations with the use of specific flux, transmembrane pressure (TMP), and other normalization techniques for assessing UF process fouling. A new TMP balance approach is presented that identifies the pressure contribution of membrane fouling and structural changes, enables direct process performance comparisons at different operating fluxes, and distinguishes between physically and chemically unresolved fouling. In addition to the TMP balance, a five component optimization approach is presented for the systematic improvement of UF processes on the basis of TMP variations. Terms are defined for assessing process event performance, a new process utilization term is presented to benchmark UF productivity, and new measures for evaluating maintenance procedures are discussed. Using these tools, a correlation between process utilization and operating pressures was established and a sustainable process utilization of 93.5% was achieved. UF process capabilities may be further enhanced by pre-coating media onto the membrane surface. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and powdered activated carbon (PAC) are evaluated as pre-coating materials, and the applicability of the TMP balance for assessing pre-coated membrane performance is demonstrated. The first use of SiO2 as a support layer for PAC in a membrane pre-coating application is presented at the laboratory-scale. SiO2-PAC pre-coatings successfully reduced physically unresolved fouling and enhanced UF membrane organics removal capabilities.

Assessment of Treatment Plant Performance and Water Quality Data: A Guide for Students, Researchers and Practitioners
Assessment of Treatment Plant Performance and Water Quality Data: A Guide for Students, Researchers and Practitioners

Author: Marcos von Sperling

Publisher: IWA Publishing

Published: 2020-01-15

Total Pages: 668

ISBN-13: 1780409311

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This book presents the basic principles for evaluating water quality and treatment plant performance in a clear, innovative and didactic way, using a combined approach that involves the interpretation of monitoring data associated with (i) the basic processes that take place in water bodies and in water and wastewater treatment plants and (ii) data management and statistical calculations to allow a deep interpretation of the data. This book is problem-oriented and works from practice to theory, covering most of the information you will need, such as (a) obtaining flow data and working with the concept of loading, (b) organizing sampling programmes and measurements, (c) connecting laboratory analysis to data management, (e) using numerical and graphical methods for describing monitoring data (descriptive statistics), (f) understanding and reporting removal efficiencies, (g) recognizing symmetry and asymmetry in monitoring data (normal and log-normal distributions), (h) evaluating compliance with targets and regulatory standards for effluents and water bodies, (i) making comparisons with the monitoring data (tests of hypothesis), (j) understanding the relationship between monitoring variables (correlation and regression analysis), (k) making water and mass balances, (l) understanding the different loading rates applied to treatment units, (m) learning the principles of reaction kinetics and reactor hydraulics and (n) performing calibration and verification of models. The major concepts are illustrated by 92 fully worked-out examples, which are supported by 75 freely-downloadable Excel spreadsheets. Each chapter concludes with a checklist for your report. If you are a student, researcher or practitioner planning to use or already using treatment plant and water quality monitoring data, then this book is for you! 75 Excel spreadsheets are available to download.

Ultrafiltration Membrane Cleaning Processes
Ultrafiltration Membrane Cleaning Processes

Author: Guillem Gilabert-Oriol

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2021-06-08

Total Pages: 124

ISBN-13: 3110715147

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This book covers the ultrafiltration membranes, specifically focusing on the elements that are produced using PVDF technology and out-side-in configuration. It specifically targets ultrafiltration technology as a pretreatment of seawater reverse osmosis desalination process. However, what is described in the book can be leveraged in other ultrafiltration membrane types. It explains how to significantly improve the efficiency of the process.