The primary objective of this project was to determine differences in filter effluent water quality and media cleanliness between sand filters employing air scour and those employing surface wash. Discussed in detail are the findings that scour and surface wash systems performed similarly relative to filter effluent quality and filter cleanliness. The advantages of one system over another can be site-specific particularly in retrofit applications.
An audit was performed in 1996 and 1998 at GCWW;s Richard Miller Treatment Plant (RMTP) to insure compliance with all current and proposed state and federal maximum contaminant levels. During the audit, training in filter profiling, including coring and floc retention analysis, was provided. Through these techniques, GCWW determined that the filter media was not getting effectively cleaned. Auxiliary backwash was recommended, but no experimental protocol was available to choose among available options. Four filters at RMTP were rebuilt for this study. New Leopold dual parallel lateral type block underdrains with integral media support (IMS) caps were installed. The sand media was completely replaced. Two filters were outfitted with air scour, one with surface wash and one was rebuilt with no auxiliary wash. The backwash procedures were then optimized and standardized before initiating the study. Turbidity and microbial testing were performed at various time intervals throughout the filter run to characterize the quality of the filter effluent. The magnitude and duration of the initial solids breakthrough were determined by the use of continuous turbidimeters and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Filter cores and floc retention analyses were used to determine the filter media cleanliness.
Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. A Fully Updated, In-Depth Guide to Water and Wastewater Engineering Thoroughly revised to reflect the latest advances, procedures, and regulations, this authoritative resource contains comprehensive coverage of the design and construction of municipal water and wastewater facilities. Written by an environmental engineering expert and seasoned academic, Water and Wastewater Engineering: Design Principles and Practice, Second Edition, offers detailed explanations, practical strategies, and design techniques as well as hands-on safety protocols and operation and maintenance procedures. You will get cutting-edge information on water quality standards, corrosion control, piping materials, energy efficiency, direct and indirect potable reuse, and more. Coverage includes: • The design and construction processes • General water supply design considerations • Intake structures and wells • Chemical handling and storage • Coagulation and flocculation • Lime-soda and ion exchange softening • Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration • Sedimentation • Granular and membrane filtration • Disinfection and fluoridation • Removal of specific constituents • Water plant residuals management, process selection, and integration • Storage and distribution systems • Wastewater collection and treatment design considerations • Sanitary sewer design • Headworks and preliminary treatment • Primary treatment • Wastewater microbiology • Secondary treatment by suspended growth biological processes • Secondary treatment by attached growth and hybrid biological processes • Tertiary treatment • Advanced oxidation processes • Direct and indirect potable reuse
An In-Depth Guide to Water and Wastewater Engineering This authoritative volume offers comprehensive coverage of the design and construction of municipal water and wastewater facilities. The book addresses water treatment in detail, following the flow of water through the unit processes and coagulation, flocculation, softening, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and residuals management. Each stage of wastewater treatment--preliminary, secondary, and tertiary--is examined along with residuals management. Water and Wastewater Engineering contains more than 100 example problems, 500 end-of-chapter problems, and 300 illustrations. Safety issues and operation and maintenance procedures are also discussed in this definitive resource. Coverage includes: Intake structures and wells Chemical handling and storage Coagulation and flocculation Lime-soda and ion exchange softening Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration Sedimentation Granular and membrane filtration Disinfection and fluoridation Removal of specific constituents Drinking water plant residuals management, process selection, and integration Storage and distribution systems Wastewater collection and treatment design considerations Sanitary sewer design Headworks and preliminary treatment Primary treatment Wastewater microbiology Secondary treatment by suspended and attached growth biological processes Secondary settling, disinfection, and postaeration Tertiary treatment Wastewater plant residuals management Clean water plant process selection and integration
