Why do humans differ from other primates? What do those differences tell us about human evolution? Elaine Morgan gives a revolutionary hypothesis that explains our anatomic anomalies: why we walk on two legs, why we are covered in fat, why we can control our rate of breathing? The answers point to one conclusion: millions of years ago our ancestors were trapped in a semi-aquatic environment. In presenting her case Elaine Morgan forces scientists to question accepted theories of human evolution.
This thought-provoking text presents the Aquatic Ape Theory, with new information, new questions and a wealth of documentary evidence. It is the most persuasive, closely argued case yet offered to explain the mystery of human origins.'
Why are humans so fond of water? Why is our skin colour so variable? Why aren’t we hairy like our close ape relatives? A savannah scenario of human evolution has been widely accepted primarily due to fossil evidence; and fossils do not offer insight into these questions. Other alternative evolutionary scenarios might, but these models have been rejected. This book explores a controversial idea – that human evolution was intimately associated with watery habitats as much or more than typical savannahs. Written from a medical point of view, the author presents evidence supporting a credible alternative explanation for how humans diverged from our primate ancestors. Anatomical and physiological evidence offer insight into hairlessness, different coloured skin, subcutaneous fat, large brains, a marine-type kidney, a unique heat regulation system and speech. This evidence suggests that humans may well have evolved, not just as savannah mammals, as is generally believed, but with more affinity for aquatic habitats – rivers, streams, lakes and coasts. Key Features: Presents the evidence for a close association between riparian habitats and the origin of humans Reviews the "savannah ape" hypothesis for human origins Describes various anatomical adaptations that are associated with hypotheses of human evolution Explores characteristics from the head and neck such as skull and sinus structures, the larynx and ear structures and functions
The book starts from the observation that humans are very different from the other primates. Why are we naked? Why do we speak? Why do we walk upright? Fifty years ago, in 1960, marine biologist Sir Alister Hardy tried to answer this when he announced his so-called aquatic hypothesis: human ancestors did not live in dry savannahs as traditional anthropology assumes, but have adapted to live at the edge between land and water, gathering both terrestrial and aquatic foods. This eBook is an up-to-date collection of the views of the most important protagonists of this long-neglected theory of huma.
Your child asks, “Where did we come from?” and you wish you had a scientific explanation of human evolution to answer the question. Or you're grown up and you're still curious.How did our species become so different from the other great apes, or for that matter, from other mammals? More than a century and a half after Darwin's On the Origin of Species was published, the mystery of the “missing link” is still unresolved. Scientists agree on approximately when the split occurred between humans and our last common ancestors, but not how.Were the First People Swimmers? introduces the reader to an elegant, rigorous theory by Welsh writer Elaine Morgan, based on a hypothesis by marine biologist Alister Hardy, that our early Homo sapien ancestors evolved through natural selection in water. The theory became known as the Aquatic Ape Theory or “AAT.” Morgan wrote six books on human evolution and the theory.Were the First People Swimmers? guides you, with elementary text and playful illustrations, through empirical evidence that explains how the first humans could have started talking, lost their ability to run on all four legs, lost their fur, and acquired subcutaneous fat.Elaine Morgan provided ideas and feedback in the conception and planning of Were the First People Swimmers? The book encourages observation of nature, critical thinking and inter-generational learning.
"Recently a weblog under the sub-heading of "pseudoscience" posed an interesting question: "If the Aquatic Ape theory explains so much, why do the majority of anthropologists not subscribe to it?" This book presents some fo the answers to that question."--Back cover.
A comprehensive exploration of Earth’s ancient past, the evolution of humanity, the rise of civilization, and the effects of global catastrophes • Explores biological evidence for the aquatic ape theory and 20-million-year-old evidence of pre-human cultures from which we are not descended • Traces the genesis of modern human civilization to Indonesia and the Central Pacific 75,000 years ago after a near-extinction-level volcanic eruption • Examines the profound similarities of megaliths around the world, including Nabta Playa and Gobekli Tepe, to reveal the transoceanic civilization that built them all Exploring emerging and suppressed evidence from archaeology, anthropology, and biology, Frank Joseph challenges conventional theories of evolution, the age of humanity, the origins of civilization, and the purpose of megaliths around the world. He reveals 20-million-year-old quartzite tools discovered in the remains of extinct fauna in Argentina and other evidence of ancient pre-human cultures from which we are not descended. He traces the genesis of modern human civilization to Indonesia and the Central Pacific 75,000 years ago, launched by a catastrophic volcanic eruption that abruptly reduced humanity from two million to a few thousand individuals worldwide. Further investigating the evolutionary branches of humanity, he explores the mounting biological evidence supporting the aquatic ape theory--that our ancestors spent one or more evolutionary phases in water--and shows how these aquatic phases of humanity fall neatly into place within his revised timeline of ancient history. Examining the profound similarities of megaliths around the world, including Nabta Playa, Gobekli Tepe, Stonehenge, New Hampshire’s Mystery Hill, and the Japanese Oyu circles, the author explains how these precisely placed monuments of quartz were built specifically to produce altered states of consciousness, revealing the spiritual and technological sophistication of their Neolithic builders--a transoceanic civilization fractured by the cataclysmic effects of comets. Tying in his extensive research into Atlantis and Lemuria, Joseph provides a 20-million-year timeline of the rise and fall of ancient civilizations, both human and pre-human, the evolutionary stages of humanity, and the catastrophes and resulting climate changes that triggered them all--events that our relatively young civilization may soon experience.
Apes An extraordinary exploration of the fascinating world of aberrant anthropologies - theories of human origin that you won't read about in any textbooks. These are homespun theories, ideas, fantasies and myths of dreamers, mystics, cult leaders, racists, rogues and amateur scientists. 32 pages of photographs and illustrations. 'Kossy's work offers a rare chance to tunnel into the minds of some of the most original thinkers around' - Wired
