Infrared thermography has been developed as a tool to measure the temperature of various types of surfaces. Notable applications include thermal detection of buildings to detect heat losses. It was the intent of the NBS IR program to build on these technologies to assist energy conservation engineers to assess heat losses in industrial plants. Our intent in this project was to survey furnaces and heating systems in addition to electrical and mechanical systems to find areas suggesting energy conserving actions. This survey method described in this paper was carried out in fifteen industrial plants to develop a methodology and examine the feasibility of the approach. In addition to the qualitative survey quantitative data was gathered by calibrating the temperature of the 11 hot spots uncovered in the survey. This information was very useful in developing priorities and estimating the magnitude of the heat loss due to a given defect.
Excerpt from Applications of Thermography for Energy Conservation in Industry In addition to the qualitative survey, quantitative data was gathered by calibrating the temperature of the hot spots uncovered in the survey. These hot spots result from problems in the basic insulation design, flaws in the insulation and maintenance errors. However, many hot spots indicated malfunctions in the equipment such as leaking valves, leaking electrical components, failures in materials and components in invisible areas of the equipment, overheated bearings, etc. This information was very useful in developing priorities and estimating the magnitude of the heat loss due to a given defect. This approach applies the standard calibration methodology developed by equipment manufacturers for quantitative determinations of surface temperatures. Examples of this approach are featured-ih this report. A third technique has been explored with high energy consuming equipment such as furnaces. Here, the IR scan was used to survey the entire radiating surface of a furnace. Thermal mapping was combined with area measurements to determine total radiation heat losses. This information was then used as input data for a heat balance on the furnace. One experiment has indicated that approximately 30% of the heat consumed by the furnace is being lost from the surfaces by radiation. Further work is planned in this area to develop the method and will be reported in a later publication. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
A description is given of a study to identify users (and their needs) of infrared (IR) instrumentation that may be applicable in the measurement of heat gains and/or losses from buildings, and to identify research, development and demonstration opportunities. The study is intended to provide the following information: (1) identify present and potential users and uses of infrared thermographic technology as related to energy conservation in buildings; (2) identify presently available IR thermographic instrumentation, techniques, and services, and determine how well it can serve the users and uses identified above; and (3) identify the technical opportunities for research, development, and demonstration on new IR thermographic technology that will better serve the users and uses identified above. The building sector requirements were analyzed, the user measurement requirements were identified, and cost guidelines for instrumentation are provided. An analysis is given of the constraints, requirements, and limitations of measurable parameters. This analysis provides the basis against which an IR instrument survey was conducted. The building sector requirements study indicates the general satisfaction of the user community with the use of IR thermography for qualitative evaluation of heat loss from buildings.
Excerpt from Elements of Thermography for Nondestructive Testing Thermography, the process whereby the invisible infrared thermal radiation from an object or a scene is rendered into a visible image, is known mainly for its military surveillance and remote-sensing applications. Nevertheless, thermography has great value also in a variety of non-military applications, and is being exploited in agriculture, geology, environmental control, meteorology, medicine, energy conservation, building, and manufacturing industry. In par ticular, its importance in industry for plant preventive maintenance, process control, quality control, and nondestructive testing has been recognized with the recent establishment of several independent working groups in thermography by different professional societies such as astm, asnt, and spie. This is intended to be a tutorial paper in thermography, espe cially as it relates to nondestructive testing, for program managers and scientists who are unfamiliar with thermal imaging systems and techniques, and who also may not have a background in infrared physics and technology. The material offered herein gives a simple, broad, and mainly qualitative overview which should help the reader to adjudicate the feasibility of applying thermography for his specific purpose. Notwithstanding, thermography is a highly sophis ticated and complex subject, and readers who wish to delve into the theory and the design of thermal imaging systems are referred to the books listed in the bibliography section. The bibliography includes also a listing of periodicals and reports dealing with applications of thermography to nondestructive testing. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
