Animating Culture

Animating Culture

Author: Eric Loren Smoodin

Publisher: Rutgers University Press

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 242

ISBN-13: 9780813519494

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Long considered "children's entertainment" by audiences and popular media, Hollywood animation has received little serious attention. Eric Smoodin's Animating Culture is the first and only book to thoroughly analyze the animated short film. Usually running about seven or eight minutes, cartoons were made by major Hollywood studios--such as MGM, Warner Bros., and Disney--and shown at movie theaters along with a newsreel and a feature-length film. Smoodin explores animated shorta and the system that mass-produced them. How were cartoons exhibited in theaters? How did they tell their stories? Who did they tell them to? What did they say about race, class, and gender? How were cartoons related to the feature films they accompanied on the evening's bill of fare? What were the social functions of cartoon stars like Donald Duck and Minnie Mouse? Smoodin argues that cartoons appealed to a wide audience--not just children--and did indeed contribute to public debate about political matters. He examines issues often ignored in discussions of animated film--issues such as social control in the U.S. army's "Private Snafu" cartoons, and sexuality and race in the "sites" of Betty Boop's body and the cartoon harem. Smoodin's analysis of the multiple discourses embedded in a variety of cartoons reveals the complex and sometimes contradictory ways that animation dealt with class relations, labor, imperialism, and censorship. His discussion of Disney and the Disney Studio's close ties with the U.S. government forces us to rethink the place of the cartoon in political and cultural life. Smoodin reveals the complex relationship between cartoons and the Hollywood studio system, and between cartoons and their audiences.


The Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity in Animation

The Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity in Animation

Author: Walter Santucci

Publisher: Bloomsbury Academic

Published: 2015-01-29

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781441181138

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While cartoons are generally regarded as harmless and fun cinematic diversions, they, like all art forms, have generated controversy. The authors discuss history of controversy over racist content in animation, and the social and political climates that foster such depictions. They also consider the impact of anti-racist political resistance on racial/ethnic stereotyping in animation, and the evolution of images over time. Though many films are discussed, the authors focus on the 1940s and 1970s, as both periods produced cartoons that were noteworthy in the political struggle over racist imagery. For example, 1943's “Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarves” is a film significant not only for the extreme controversy stirred by its content, but also for the fact that its director had set out to make a film celebrating African American culture. Conversely, the 1970s saw Bill Cosby's Fat Albert television series become the first major American animated entity where content was created and controlled by an African American. The book concludes with a dialogue on whether banning purportedly racist animations was a good or bad idea, whether the portrayal of “non-whites” in animated films has improved over the years, and whether racist images persist in new forms.


Social Media and the Cultural Politics of Korean Pop Culture in East Asia

Social Media and the Cultural Politics of Korean Pop Culture in East Asia

Author: Sunny Yoon

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-08-25

Total Pages: 155

ISBN-13: 1000931668

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This volume examines international engagement with Korean popular culture in East Asian online spaces, and how Asian identities are formed and perceived between nations within the region. In the context of global diversification and growing public participation in global issues, it builds up a new theoretical perspective in order to explain the emerging power of Asia in the global mediascape. With a focus on Korean media, touching upon K-pop and the phenomenon of Hallyu and anti-Hallyu, the author also looks at Japan, China, and Taiwan in this regional study. Combining theory with ethnographic audience studies in East Asian countries, the book elucidates East Asian media in a larger context of the changing global structure and media technology. This book will interest academics and students working on Asian popular culture and media, new media, East Asian studies, participatory media, and digital communication.


Animating Film Theory

Animating Film Theory

Author: Karen Redrobe

Publisher: Duke University Press

Published: 2014-03-21

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 0822376814

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Animating Film Theory provides an enriched understanding of the relationship between two of the most unwieldy and unstable organizing concepts in cinema and media studies: animation and film theory. For the most part, animation has been excluded from the purview of film theory. The contributors to this collection consider the reasons for this marginalization while also bringing attention to key historical contributions across a wide range of animation practices, geographic and linguistic terrains, and historical periods. They delve deep into questions of how animation might best be understood, as well as how it relates to concepts such as the still, the moving image, the frame, animism, and utopia. The contributors take on the kinds of theoretical questions that have remained underexplored because, as Karen Beckman argues, scholars of cinema and media studies have allowed themselves to be constrained by too narrow a sense of what cinema is. This collection reanimates and expands film studies by taking the concept of animation seriously. Contributors. Karen Beckman, Suzanne Buchan, Scott Bukatman, Alan Cholodenko, Yuriko Furuhata, Alexander R. Galloway, Oliver Gaycken, Bishnupriya Ghosh, Tom Gunning, Andrew R. Johnston, Hervé Joubert-Laurencin, Gertrud Koch, Thomas LaMarre, Christopher P. Lehman, Esther Leslie, John MacKay, Mihaela Mihailova, Marc Steinberg, Tess Takahashi


Animating Difference

Animating Difference

Author: C. Richard King

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 205

ISBN-13: 0742560813

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Animating Difference studies the way race, ethnicity, sexuality, and gender are portrayed in recent animated films from 1990 through the present. Ranging from Aladdin to Toy Story to Up, these popular films are key media through which children (and adults) learn about the world and how to behave. While racial and gender stereotypes may not be as obvious as they may have been in films of decades past, they often continue to convey troubling messages and stereotypes in subtle and surprising ways.


Animating Truth

Animating Truth

Author: Nea Ehrlich

Publisher: EUP

Published: 2021-03-31

Total Pages: 288

ISBN-13: 9781474463362

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Animating Truth examines the rise of animated documentary in the 21st century, and addresses how non-photorealistic animation is increasingly used to depict and shape reality. Confronting shifts in the status and aesthetics of the real, Nea Ehrlich analyses how contemporary technoculture has transformed the relationship of animation to documentary by mapping out two parallel trends: the increased use of animation within documentary or non-fiction contexts, and the increasingly pervasive use of non-photorealistic animation within digital media. As the virtual becomes another aspect of our contemporary mixed reality (physical and virtual), the book aims to understand how this visual paradigm shift influences viewers, both ethically and politically, and questions the wider ramifications of this transformation in non-fiction aesthetics. Nea Ehrlich is a lecturer in the Department of the Arts at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel.


Identity in Animation

Identity in Animation

Author: Jane Batkin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-02-17

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 1317533240

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Identity in Animation: A Journey into Self, Difference, Culture and the Body uncovers the meaning behind some of the most influential characters in the history of animation and questions their unique sense of who they are and how they are formed. Jane Batkin explores how identity politics shape the inner psychology of the character and their exterior motivation, often buoyed along by their questioning of ‘place’ and ‘belonging’ and driven by issues of self, difference, gender and the body. Through this, Identity in Animation illustrates and questions the construction of stereotypes as well as unconventional representations within American, European and Eastern animation. It does so with examples such as the strong gender tropes of Japan’s Hayao Miyazaki, the strange relationships created by Australian director Adam Elliot and Nick Park’s depiction of Britishness. In addition, this book discusses Betty Boop’s sexuality and ultimate repression, Warner Bros’ anarchic, self-aware characters and Disney’s fascinating representation of self and society. Identity in Animation is an ideal book for students and researchers of animation studies, as well as any media and film studies students taking modules on animation as part of their course.


Animated Encounters

Animated Encounters

Author: Daisy Yan Du

Publisher: University of Hawaii Press

Published: 2019-02-28

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 0824877519

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China’s role in the history of world animation has been trivialized or largely forgotten. In Animated Encounters Daisy Yan Du addresses this omission in her study of Chinese animation and its engagement with international forces during its formative period, the 1940s–1970s. She introduces readers to transnational movements in early Chinese animation, tracing the involvement of Japanese, Soviet, American, Taiwanese, and China’s ethnic minorities, at socio-historical or representational levels, in animated filmmaking in China. Du argues that Chinese animation was international almost from its inception and that such border-crossing exchanges helped make it “Chinese” and subsequently transform the history of world animation. She highlights animated encounters and entanglements to provide an alternative to current studies of the subject characterized by a preoccupation with essentialist ideas of “Chineseness” and further questions the long-held belief that the forty-year-period in question was a time of cultural isolationism for China due to constant wars and revolutions. China’s socialist era, known for the pervasiveness of its political propaganda and suppression of the arts, unexpectedly witnessed a golden age of animation. Socialist collectivism, reinforced by totalitarian politics and centralized state control, allowed Chinese animation to prosper and flourish artistically. In addition, the double marginality of animation—a minor art form for children—coupled with its disarming qualities and intrinsic malleability and mobility, granted animators and producers the double power to play with politics and transgress ideological and geographical borders while surviving censorship, both at home and abroad. A captivating and enlightening history, Animated Encounters will attract scholars and students of world film and animation studies, children’s culture, and modern Chinese history.


Animation and America

Animation and America

Author: Paul Wells

Publisher: Rutgers University Press

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 196

ISBN-13: 9780813531601

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Discusses the distinctiveness of the cartoon form, as well as myriad other types of animation production, and examines animation's importance as a barometer of the social conditions in which it is made and which it reflects. [back cover].