This book is written for the benefit of young readers in Tamil Nadu. This state has a long history and a rich heritage. Its history is full of remarkable achievements in various fields. It has impressive archaeological remains dating back to the early centuries of the Common Era (CE). What is more interesting is that there are thousands of stone inscriptions, some of which go back to the second century Before the Common Era (BCE). In addition, a large number of magnificent temples have survived bearing testimony to the achievements of the ancients in art and architecture. The past is fascinating and an enduring source of inspiration.Today breathtaking developments are taking place in science and technology. These can be used to discover more of the past and understand it better. Much remains to be discovered. It is important for the youth to know the past. This helps to understand the present. This book is intended to give a peep into that past.
Edition: Deluxe edition with color.The history of Tamil̤ Nāḍu from the sixteenth century to the eighteenth is eventful with political developments which had far-reaching consequences. It was a significant period in which non-Tamil̤ rulers ruled the country which ultimately led to the establishment of foreign rule. The period commences with the appointment of the Telugu-speaking Vijayanagar governors in the Madurai, Thañjāvūr and Señji regions. The decline of the Vijayanagar rule led to the rule of the Marāthas in Thañjāvūr and the Mughals in the Carnatic. The invasion of the Tamil̤ country by the Mughal general, Zulfikar Khan, made the Tamil̤ States tributaries of the Mughals and established the rule of the Carnatic Nawabs. This period witnessed the efforts of European powers to establish trade centres. The war of succession between the two dynasties of the Carnatic Nawabs and the wars between the competitive trading countries, the English and the French, had their impact on the native powers which thereby became weakened. By providing military and financial aid to native powers, the British gradually took over their territories and expanded the Madras Presidency. Another notable feature is that the success in getting political power in the Tamil̤ country encouraged the British to acquire political power in North India using their base in the Tamil̤ country as a springboard. Native rulers' military weakness and tendency to allow foreign powers to interfere in native politics and Muhammad Ali's total reliance on the English to control his subordinates and meet his financial needs necessitated by his extravagant lifestyle were contributary factors which helped the English, who came as traders, become rulers of the country.In this period, resenting the interference and oppression of the British, the poligars rose against them. The Poligar Rebellion under Pūli Thēvar and Kaṭṭabomman̤ and the South Indian Rebellion under Marudu Pāṇḍyan̤ are notable events of this period. The political development in the Tamil̤ country in this period had serious repercussions on the political future of India since they provided the British with experience and resources for the expansion of their rule in the rest of India. The year 1801 A.D. in which the Madras Presidency, the biggest in the British India, attained its total expansion is politically significant in the history of Tamil̤ Nāḍu and India.The rule of foreigners had its impact on the social life of the people and the economy of the country. The advent of Christian missionaries along with trading companies influenced the social life. The exploitation of native resources by the foreign rulers and the constant wars among them shattered the economy. In the midst of such turmoil, the Nāyaks and the Marāthas contributed to the developments of arts and culture. This book is a study of not only political events, but also the contemporary social, economic and religious conditions. The Nāyak architecture, which is the last phase of the Dravidian architecture, along with the contributions of the Marathas of Thañjāvūr, is highlighted. Besides its use to students and those who prepare for competitive examinations, it is an interesting study to those who are interested in the history of Tamil̤ Nāḍu. For the proper understanding of the details presented, maps and pictures are added at appropriate places.
Siddhas were mystics of ancient India. They believed that human race was created to excel in knowledge and help human societies form an advanced civilization on the Earth. They knew that they needed to live longer and even become immortals to achieve this goal. In Indian context Siddhas were considered as doctors but in Western context, such people were called Philosophers. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of Siddhas' poetic scripts reveals their different faces such as scientific thinkers, social reformers, priest kings, pioneers of advanced cultures, etc. Siddhas speak about spirit, soul and body in their scripts. They also compare cosmos, nature and earth in their science. The unique attainment of Siddhas could be their mastery over physical and cosmic sciences. Siddhas believed that physical science is comparable with cosmic science. Thus, through their physical and cosmic observations, they succeeded in inventing ambrosia of Gods and many became Gods themselves.
In this book Processor Barnett analyzes a successful political movement in South India that used cultural nationalism as a positive force for change. By exploring the history of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party, the author provides a new perspective on political identity. In so doing, she challenges the interpretation of cultural nationalism as a product of atavistic and primordial forces that poses an inherent threat to the integrity of territorially defined nation-states and thus to the progress of modernization. The founding of the DMK party in 1949, the author shows, was a turning point in the political history of Tamil Nadu, South India, because it ushered in the era of Tamil cultural nationalism. In the hands of the DMK, Tamil nationalism became an ideology of mass mobilization and thus shaped the articulation of political demands for a generation. The author analyzes the social, political, and economic factors that gave rise to cultural nationalism; the interplay between cultural nationalist leaders; and the role of cultural nationalism in a heterogeneous nation-state. Originally published in 1976. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Recent scholarship on the history of music in South Asia has examined the processes by which music as an art form was reinvented for nationalist purposes, yet, the disciplined study of music (and its aesthetics) remains only a few centuries old. Studying music through a historical lens has opened new approaches to interdisciplinary studies. Music as History in Tamilnadu examines how history can be interpreted through aesthetics and music and vice versa. Musicologists focus on the study of musical activity, while ethnomusicologists examine this activity first-hand using the 'field' research methods of cultural anthropology. The historian's task, then, is to interpret the musical past as part of cultural production and thereafter relate music to general historical trends. This collection of essays seeks to establish the interdisciplinarity between music (the Karnatak system) and the history of Tamilnadu, south India.
The peerless young Kovalan leaves his loyal wife Kannaki for the courtesan Madhavi, and though he returns to her, he still meets his death because of her ill-omened ankle bracelet. The Shilappadikaram has been called an epic and even a novel, but it is also a book of general education. Adigal packed his story with information: history merging into myth, religious rites, caste customs, military lore, descriptions of city and country life. And four Cantos are little anthologies of the poetry of the period (seashore and mountain songs, hunters and milkmaid s song). Thus the story gives us a vivid picture of early Indian life in all its aspects.
