An Approach to Training Judgement to Improve Performance in a Real-time, Dynamic Decision-making Task
Author: Brian Minsk
Publisher:
Published: 1997
Total Pages: 294
ISBN-13:
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Judgment and Decision Making
Author: Peter Juslin
Publisher: Psychology Press
Published: 2007-09-26
Total Pages: 353
ISBN-13: 1135668736
DOWNLOAD EBOOKResearch on human judgment and decision making has been strongly guided by a normative/descriptive approach, according to which human decision making is compared to the normative models provided by decision theory, statistics, and the probability calculus. A common empirical finding has been that human behavior deviates from the prescriptions by normative models--that judgments and decisions are subject to cognitive biases. It is interesting to note that Swedish research on judgment and decision making made an early departure from this dominating mainstream tradition, albeit in two different ways. The Neo-Brunswikian research highlights the relationship between the laboratory task and the adaptation to a natural environment. The process-tracing approach attempts to identify the cognitive processes before, during, and after a decision. This volume summarizes current Swedish research on judgment and decision making, covering topics, such as dynamic decision making, confidence research, the search for dominance structures and differentiation, and social decision making.
Improving Judgment Performance Through Integrated Task Feedback
Author: Gordon Gattie
Publisher:
Published: 2009
Total Pages: 347
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe increasingly complex nature of current and evolving human-machine systems require operators, maintainers, trainers, and other support personnel who are effectively trained for their role in system development and operation. Depending on technology readiness levels and available resources, training efforts may even become an afterthought to system deployment, where user manuals or online help may not be developed until after a system has been fielded. In addition, training systems may only be able to assist a novice attain a certain level of expertise. However, one technique for developing effective training is using adaptive training, where easier task conditions are presented to trainees before more challenging scenarios are attempted. In laboratory experiments, developing adaptive training systems have been accomplished in two ways: by increasing time lag and by increasing task complexity. In order to determine training effectiveness, this research investigated various approaches for modeling dynamic decision making to quantitatively describe judgment performance. The major goal of this research was to identify feedback information that would be useful to trainees in a dynamic decision-making task. The experimental task used in this research was a decision task in the baseball domain, where participants made pitch selections throughout a simulated ballgame, based on information and feedback displayed. The task investigated the effects of varying feedback content and feedback frequency throughout the experiment. This research modeled within the Judgment Analysis framework, a paradigm based on work by Egon Brunswik, as the basis for analysis. Some evidence for the effectiveness of using relative weights as feedback information elements was revealed.
Team Effectiveness In Complex Organizations
Author: Eduardo Salas
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 2008-11-20
Total Pages: 624
ISBN-13: 1135596565
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOver the past 40 years, there has been a growing trend toward the utilization of teams for accomplishing work in organizations. Project teams, self-managed work teams and top management teams, among others have become a regular element in the corporation or military. This volume is intended to provide an overview of the current state of the art research on team effectiveness.
The Oxford Handbook of Expertise
Author: Paul Ward
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2019-11-14
Total Pages: 912
ISBN-13: 0192515403
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe study of expertise weaves its way through various communities of practice, across disciplines, and over millennia. To date, the study of expertise has been primarily concerned with how human beings perform at a superior level in complex environments and sociotechnical systems, and at the highest levels of proficiency. However, more recent research has continued the search for better descriptions, and causal mechanisms that explain the complexities of expertise in context, with a view to translating this understanding into useful predictions and interventions capable of improving the performance of human systems as efficiently as possible. The Oxford Handbook of Expertise provides a comprehensive picture of the field of Expertise Studies. It offers both traditional and contemporary perspectives, and importantly, a multidiscipline-multimethod view of the science and engineering research on expertise. The book presents different perspectives, theories, and methods of conducting expertise research, all of which have had an impact in helping us better understand expertise across a broad range of domains. The Handbook also describes how researchers and practitioners have addressed practical problems and societal challenges. Throughout, the authors have sought to demonstrate the heterogeneity of approaches and conceptions of expertise, to place current views of expertise in context, to show how these views can be used to address current issues, and to examine ways to advance the study of expertise. The Oxford Handbook of Expertise is an essential resource both to those wanting to gain an up-to-date knowledge of the science of expertise and those wishing to study experts.
A New Beginning in Sight
Author: Eric J Arnott
Publisher: CRC Press
Published: 2006-11-20
Total Pages: 889
ISBN-13: 0340813199
DOWNLOAD EBOOKConsultant eye surgeon, Eric Arnott, was one of the original pioneers of small-incision surgery. He was the first to perform modern Phaco surgery in Europe and designed lens implants that have restored the sight to millions of patients. The word autobiography is simply insufficient to describe this book, which is a remarkable testament to the life, works and marriage of a remarkable man. The book details the original invention of the lens implant by Harold Ridley, who Eric worked with in his early years of medical training. It goes on to follow the development of small-incision Phaco surgery, instigated by Charlie Kelman, and the disinterest and contempt held by the peers of these ophthalmologic pioneers. The author describes every advance in this field of ophthalmology in fascinating detail. The importance to Eric of religion, spirituality, family life and helping others less fortunate than himself is reinforced in this enthralling and at times very amusing read. Arnott draws you into his narrative, rousing thoughts of disbelief as you are compelled to continue reading, each new chapter and event in his life proving as fascinating as the last. Entertaining and illuminating, A New Beginning in Sight provides a detailed history of ophthalmology and is essential reading for ophthalmologists, other specialists and non-specialists alike.
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 1460
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKLists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Aspects of Rationality
Author: Raymond S. Nickerson
Publisher: Psychology Press
Published: 2007-11-19
Total Pages: 509
ISBN-13: 1136676341
DOWNLOAD EBOOKWhat does it mean to be rational to reason well and effectively? How does rationality, broadly conceived, relate to the knowledge one acquires, the beliefs one forms, the explanations one constructs or appropriates, the judgments and decisions one makes, the values one adopts? What is the character of human reasoning and, in particular, does it t
Emerging Perspectives on Judgment and Decision Research
Author: Sandra L. Schneider
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2003-06-16
Total Pages: 740
ISBN-13: 9780521527187
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Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies
Author: Tareq Ahram
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2019-07-24
Total Pages: 1027
ISBN-13: 3030256294
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book reports on research and developments in human-technology interaction. A special emphasis is given to human-computer interaction, and its implementation for a wide range of purposes such as healthcare, aerospace, telecommunication, and education, among others. The human aspects are analyzed in detail. Timely studies on human-centered design, wearable technologies, social and affective computing, augmented, virtual and mixed reality simulation, human rehabilitation and biomechanics represent the core of the book. Emerging technology applications in business, security, and infrastructure are also critically examined, thus offering a timely, scientifically-grounded, but also professionally-oriented snapshot of the current state of the field. The book is based on contributions presented at the 1st International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies, IHIET 2019, held on August 22-24, in Nice, France. It offers a timely survey and a practice-oriented reference guide to systems engineers, psychologists, sport scientists, physical therapists, as well as decision-makers, designing or dealing with the new generation of service systems. User Experience of a Social Media Based Knowledge Sharing System in Industry Work, Chapter of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com
