The Proximate Principle
The Proximate Principle

Author: John L. Crompton

Publisher:

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 187

ISBN-13: 9780975892626

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Examines both positive and negative effects of parks and open spaces, including parkways, playgrounds, golf courses, greenway trails, large federal or state parks, and water features ranging from lakes to coastlines to wetlands, including the differences found in urban versus suburban contexts.

The Allegany Senecas and Kinzua Dam
The Allegany Senecas and Kinzua Dam

Author: Joy Ann Bilharz

Publisher:

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 244

ISBN-13:

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In the late 1950s the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers announced its intention to construct a dam along the Allegheny River in Warren, Pennsylvania. The building of the Kinzua Dam was highly controversial because it flooded one-third of the Allegany Reservation of the Seneca Nation of Indians. Nearly six hundred Senecas were forced to abandon their homes and relocate, despite a 1794 treaty that had guaranteed them those lands in perpetuity. In this revealing study, Joy A. Bilharz examines the short- and long-term consequences of the relocation of the Senecas. Granted unparalleled access to members of the Seneca Nation and reservation records, Bilharz traces the psychological, economic, cultural, and social effects over two generations. The loss of homes and tribal lands was heart wrenching and initially threatened to undermine the foundations of social life and subsistence economy for the Senecas. Over time, however, many Senecas have managed to adapt successfully to relocation, creating new social networks, invigorating their educational system, and becoming more politically involved on local, tribal, and national levels.

Wildlife Watching and Tourism
Wildlife Watching and Tourism

Author: Richard Tapper

Publisher: UNEP/Earthprint

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 9783937429076

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Wildlife watching tourist activities can make an important contribution to community development and conservation, especially in developing countries, but it needs to be carefully planned and managed in order to ensure its long-term sustainability and to avoid potential adverse effects on wildlife and local communities. This report, published by UNEP and the Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS), considers the socio-economic and environmental benefits that can be derived from watching wildlife tourism, including case studies from Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, the United States, Australia, Indonesia and Tanzania.