Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling

Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling

Author: Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2005-03-01

Total Pages: 292

ISBN-13: 0309181194

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In December 2002, a group of specialists on water resources from the United States and Iran met in Tunis, Tunisia, for an interacademy workshop on water resources management, conservation, and recycling. This was the fourth interacademy workshop on a variety of topics held in 2002, the first year of such workshops. Tunis was selected as the location for the workshop because the Tunisian experience in addressing water conservation issues was of interest to the participants from both the United States and Iran. This report includes the agenda for the workshop, all of the papers that were presented, and the list of site visits.


Agricultural Change

Agricultural Change

Author: Joseph J. Molnar

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-03-13

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 0429712324

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This book examines the impact of the rise and fall of new commodities, production technologies, and shifting government policies on individuals and farm families in the rural South and the interrelationship between agricultural change and community change.


Land and Revolution in Iran, 1960–1980

Land and Revolution in Iran, 1960–1980

Author: Eric J. Hooglund

Publisher: University of Texas Press

Published: 2014-07-03

Total Pages: 216

ISBN-13: 1477300120

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Carried out by the government of the shah between 1962 and 1971, the Iranian land reform was one of the most ambitious such undertakings in modern Middle Eastern history. Yet, beneath apparent statistical success, the actual accomplishments of the program, in terms of positive benefits for the peasantry, were negligible. Later, the resulting widespread discontent of thousands of Iranian villagers would contribute to the shah's downfall. In the first major study of the effects of this widely publicized program, Eric Hooglund's analysis demonstrates that the primary motives behind the land reform were political. Attempting to supplant the near-absolute authority of the landlord class over the countryside, the central government hoped to extend its own authority throughout rural Iran. While the Pahlavi government accomplished this goal, its failure to implement effective structural reform proved to be a long-term liability. Hooglund, who conducted field research in rural Iran throughout the 1970s and who witnessed the unfolding of the revolution from a small village, provides a careful description of the development of the land reform and of its effects on the main groups involved: landlords, peasants, local officials, merchants, and brokers. He shows how the continuing poverty in the countryside forced the migration of thousands of peasants to the cities, resulting in serious shortages of agricultural workers and an oversupply of unskilled urban labor. When the shah's government was faced with mass opposition in the cities in 1978, not only did a disillusioned rural population fail to support the regime, but thousands of villagers participated in the protests that hastened the collapse of the monarchy.


Tribal Politics in Iran

Tribal Politics in Iran

Author: Stephanie Cronin

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2007-01-24

Total Pages: 271

ISBN-13: 1134138016

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Placing Iran's 'tribal problem' in its historical context, this innovative and important work provides an overall assessment of tribal politics in the Riza Shah period, challenging conventional political and scholarly approaches to tribal politics.


The Peasant Betrayed

The Peasant Betrayed

Author: John H. Powelson

Publisher: Cato Institute

Published: 1990-07-01

Total Pages: 425

ISBN-13: 1937184285

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After studying land reform in 16 countries and offering illustrative examples from 11 more, Powelson and Stock conclude that government land reforms generally harm the rural poor more than help them. Detailing case after case in which government intervention has impoverished the peasant, the authors find only a few cases in which the government has made the peasant better off. In contrast, they show that in Third World countries where the state has left farming to the farmer, agricultural output has soared, famine has been overcome, and the welfare of the peasant has vastly improved.


Human Systems Ecology

Human Systems Ecology

Author: Sheldon Smith

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2019-03-06

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 042970996X

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This book presents nine case studies which illustrate an approach to the interface between human ecology, political economy, and adaptive decision making, demonstrating the power of analyzing socionatural regions from a human systems ecology perspective.


The Middle East

The Middle East

Author: Peter Beaumont

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2016-04-14

Total Pages: 752

ISBN-13: 1317240294

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This book, first published in 1976 and in this second edition in 1988, combines an examination of the political, cultural and economic geography of the Middle East with a detailed study of the region’s landscape features, natural resources, environmental conditions and ecological evolution. The Middle East, with its extremes of climate and terrain, has long fascinated those interested in the fine balance between man and his environment, and now its economic and political importance in world affairs has brought the region to the attention of everybody.


Contemporary Iran

Contemporary Iran

Author: Ali Gheissari

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2009-04-02

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 0199888604

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Iran is a key player in some of the most crucial issues of our time. But because of its relative diplomatic isolation and the partisan nature of conflicting accounts voiced by different interest groups both inside and outside the country, there is a shortage of hard information about the scale and depth of social change in today's Iran. In this volume, and imposing roster of both internationally renowned Iranian scholars and rising young Iranian academics offer contributions--many based on recent fieldwork--on the nature and evolution of Iran's economy, significant aspects of Iran's changing society, and the dynamics of its domestic and international politics since the 1979 revolution, focusing particularly on the post-Khomeini period. The book will be of great interest not only to Iran specialists, but also to scholars of comparative politics, democratization, social change, politics in the Muslim world, and Middle Eastern studies.