Ageing and Stabilisation of Paper
Author: M. Strlic (ed.)
Publisher:
Published: 2005
Total Pages: 228
ISBN-13:
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Cellulose
Author: Arnaud Lejeune
Publisher: Nova Biomedical Books
Published: 2010-05-18
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9781608763887
DOWNLOAD EBOOKCellulose is the most widely spread organic polymer found in nature, since it constitutes the main component of the membrane of plant cell. It is well-known that cellulose is a very important and fascinating biopolymer and an almost inexhaustible and renewable raw material. This book provides a synthesis of the old knowledge and the development of different studies which contribute to the understanding of the structure of cellulose allomorphs. In addition, cellulosic ethanol has been taken as a promising alternative energy source for the non-renewable fossil fuel. This book reviews the development of biochemical conversion of biomass materials into cellulosic ethanol, including previous achievements, current status, and future work. The various aspects of natural and accelerated ageing of cellulose are also presented and discussed. Other chapters in this book explore the basic principles of cellulose oxidation chemistry with a focus on different products of the reactions. The main part of the chapter focuses on both known and newly proposed applications of oxidised celluloses in medical, cosmetic, hygiene and food industry. A critical analysis is also made of the literature concerned with the kinetics of cellulose degradation. Furthermore, this book reviews bacterial cellulose (BC), an outstanding biomaterial with unique properties, including high water holding capacity, high crystallinity and ultrafine fibre network. These properties support a wide range of applications, in human and veterinary medicine, odonthology, pharmaceutical industry, acoustic and filter membranes, biotechnological devices and in the food and paper industry.
Handbook of Polymers in Paper Conservation
Author: Elisabetta Princi
Publisher: Smithers Rapra
Published: 2011-10-31
Total Pages: 334
ISBN-13: 1847355803
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book describes the latest developments in paper conservation by using polymeric materials. A short introduction on polymer chemistry is given to highlight the polymer characteristics and properties. The book is then dedicated to the conservative problems and issues in the field of paper artworks. This practical book identifies the importance of each type of polymer, related to its nature and properties, from the point of view of paper conservation. With the help of schemes and tables, the polymers are classified in terms of characteristics and final uses in respect to this very complex material.
Recycling and Deinking of Recovered Paper
Author: Pratima Bajpai
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2013-11-21
Total Pages: 315
ISBN-13: 0124171699
DOWNLOAD EBOOKPaper recycling in an increasingly environmentally conscious world is gaining importance. Increased recycling activities are being driven by robust overseas markets as well as domestic demand. Recycled fibers play a very important role today in the global paper industry as a substitute for virgin pulps. Paper recovery rates continue to increase year after year Recycling technologies have been improved in recent years by advances in pulping, flotation deinking and cleaning/screening, resulting in the quality of paper made from secondary fibres approaching that of virgin paper. The process is a lot more eco-friendly than the virgin-papermaking process, using less energy and natural resources, produce less solid waste and fewer atmospheric emissions, and helps to preserve natural resources and landfill space. Currently more than half of the paper is produced from recovered papers. Most of them are used to produce brown grades paper and board but for the last two decades, there is a substantial increase in the use of recovered papers to produce, through deinking, white grades such as newsprint, tissue, market pulp. By using recycled paper, companies can take a significant step toward reducing their overall environmental impacts. This study deals with the scientific and technical advances in recycling and deinking including new developments. - Covers in great depth all the aspects of recycling technologies - Covers the latest science and technology in recycling - Provides up-to-date, authoritative information and cites many mills experiences and pertinent research - Includes the use of biotech methods for deinking, refining. and improving drainage
Journal of Pulp and Paper Science
Author:
Publisher:
Published: 2005
Total Pages: 528
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKMicroorganisms in the Deterioration and Preservation of Cultural Heritage
Author: Edith Joseph
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2021-05-05
Total Pages: 367
ISBN-13: 3030694119
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis open access book offers a comprehensive overview of the role and potential of microorganisms in the degradation and preservation of cultural materials (e.g. stone, metals, graphic documents, textiles, paintings, glass, etc.). Microorganisms are a major cause of deterioration in cultural artefacts, both in the case of outdoor monuments and archaeological finds. This book covers the microorganisms involved in biodeterioration and control methods used to reduce their impact on cultural artefacts. Additionally, the reader will learn more about how microorganisms can be used for the preservation and protection of cultural artefacts through bio-based and eco-friendly materials. New avenues for developing methods and materials for the conservation of cultural artefacts are discussed, together with concrete advances in terms of sustainability, effectiveness and toxicity, making the book essential reading for anyone interested in microbiology and the preservation of cultural heritage.
Degradation of Filled Polymers
Author: Mikhail Teodorovich Bryk
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Published: 1991
Total Pages: 200
ISBN-13:
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume contains a survey of research studies of the thermal and thermo-oxidative destruction of filled polymers. It examines the thermal properties of the basic components as well as polymeric composite materials, and offers data on the kinetics and mechanism of destruction.
The Management of Pain in Older People
Author: Patricia Schofield, PhD, RGN
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Published: 2007-04-04
Total Pages: 226
ISBN-13: 9780470065488
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book will enable readers to understand the principles underpinning the management of pain which a particular emphasis upon the care of the older adult. The chapters will explore concepts that are recognised to be involved in the pain experience but each author will then add their own unique perspective by applying the principles to their specialist area of practice and the care of the older adult. It is structured to include the aims and outcomes of the chapter at the beginning so that readers can track their progress, and provides chapter outlines and further reading suggestions foir this unique topic area.
Cellulose Nitrate in Conservation
Author: Charles M. Selwitz
Publisher: Getty Publications
Published: 1988-04-01
Total Pages: 75
ISBN-13: 0892360984
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis report attempts to isolate and separately examine each of the factors known to lead to cellulose nitrate decomposition, and then relate their contribution to the instability of the polymer when it is used as a bonding agent for ceramics and as a lacquer for metal objects. These factors include deterioration caused by heat, radiation, or acid impurities, or through the loss of plasticizer. There is, moreover, decomposition caused autocatalytically by the initial breakdown products. In particular, the publication examines new information on chemical changes under ambient conditions that has been developed recently through advances in analytical procedures such as chemiluminescence, X-ray scanning spectroscopy (ESCA), and more sophisticated viscometry. This new information will be added to the large body of data, collected over the past 150 years, on the instability of cellulose nitrate under more severe conditions.
Laboratory Life
Author: Bruno Latour
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Published: 2013-04-04
Total Pages: 295
ISBN-13: 1400820413
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis highly original work presents laboratory science in a deliberately skeptical way: as an anthropological approach to the culture of the scientist. Drawing on recent work in literary criticism, the authors study how the social world of the laboratory produces papers and other "texts,"' and how the scientific vision of reality becomes that set of statements considered, for the time being, too expensive to change. The book is based on field work done by Bruno Latour in Roger Guillemin's laboratory at the Salk Institute and provides an important link between the sociology of modern sciences and laboratory studies in the history of science.
