African Predicaments & the Method of solving them effectively

African Predicaments & the Method of solving them effectively

Author: Fekadu Bekele

Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH

Published: 2016-08-30

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 3832543074

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The author of this book identifies the causes of African predicaments and gives solutions to the complicated challenges the continent faces. He shows how slavery and colonialism devastated the evolutionary development of the continent. Both slavery and colonialism had destroyed until hitherto existed forms of social organizations and division of labor. After political independence many African governments were pursued to implement free market economic policies. However, the different policies that have been applied for the past six decades could not wipe out the structural crises of the continent. Instead the different policies have deepened the social and the economic crises of the continent. After 50 years of political independence, many African countries are still exporters of raw materials and cash crops. Almost all African countries do not have an integrated market structure that is based on vast division of labor. The market sizes of many African countries are very narrow. To this day many African countries practice the so-called import substitution industrialization which cannot solve the continent's complex problems. After the author has examined the failure of the economic policies of the past six decades and their negative impacts he proposes that African countries must introduce a holistic program that effectively solves all the challenges that the continent faces. For that they must introduce political and institutional reforms. The author believes that without wide range political and institutional reforms and without changing the mindset of the political and economic elite there cannot be any social and economic progress.


Regenerating Africa

Regenerating Africa

Author: Muchie, Mammo

Publisher: Africa Institute of South Africa

Published: 2017-04-11

Total Pages: 358

ISBN-13: 0798305002

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It has been long overdue to address the principal problems that Africa continues to have. How to bring real African solutions to these problems remains unresolved. Palaeontologists have discovered that Africa is the origin of humanity. Africa has also experienced the commodification of its humanity through slavery, colonialism and apartheid. The African continent has been influenced by a melange of races, cultures, religions, ethnic nationalities making the project of how the differences can be managed to forestall conflict and promote the unity of the current 54 states to turn the cacophony of noises into a single voice that can protect Africa a di? cult challenge. This book on Regenerating Africa: Bringing African Solutions to African Problems addresses why Africans must come together and try to address their own problems. They must look back to the spiritual, struggle and knowledge heritage to re-imagine and innovate a new Africa with leadership, governance, systems and institutions that can address the security and well-being, the employment, social inclusion, poverty eradication and the equality of the people. In fact the key problem to find a solution is how to Africanise those that originated from Africa and those that became settlers with different racial, cultural, religious, linguistic and ethnic variations. How to manage inter-African relations? How the settlers from the colonial legacy, the apartheid legacy, the Arabs in Africa and the varied tribes within Africans can all share being Africanised above all else is a real challenge to bring lasting solutions to Africa's enduring problems. This book is one of the few books that addresses the real problems Africa continues to face by suggesting solutions which policy makers and all Africans must learn and never ignore but use to advance a free, united, renascent, proud and dignified independent Africa in this unpredictable time the world is going through. The contributors address in the book how African solutions to African problems in the current global context to create a sustainable African future can be thought, designed and engineered to advance the well-being of people and nature for all. The African Unity for Renaissance series of conferences that over 10 partners contributed to run is the true source for generating the quality papers that have been peer reviewed to constitute the contributions in the book to make African solutions to African problems in reality and not just in talk.


Advances in Engineering Education in the Middle East and North Africa

Advances in Engineering Education in the Middle East and North Africa

Author: Mahmoud Abdulwahed

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-11-18

Total Pages: 466

ISBN-13: 3319153234

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This book provides a collection of the latest advances in engineering education in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and sheds insights for future development. It is one of the first books to address the lack of comprehensive literature on undergraduate engineering curricula, and stimulates intellectual and critical discourse on the next wave of engineering innovation and education in the MENA region. The authors look at recent innovations through the lens of four topics: learning and teaching, curriculum development, assessment and accreditation, and challenges and sustainability. They also include analyses of pedagogical innovations, models for transforming engineering education, and methods for using technological innovations to enhance active learning. Engineering education topics on issues such as construction, health and safety, urban design, and environmental engineering in the context of the MENA region are covered in further detail. The book concludes with practical recommendations for implementations in engineering education. This is an ideal book for engineering education academics, engineering curriculum developers and accreditation specialists, and deans and leaders in engineering education.


Numerical Methods for Black-Box Software in Computational Continuum Mechanics

Numerical Methods for Black-Box Software in Computational Continuum Mechanics

Author: Sergey I. Martynenko

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG

Published: 2023-10-23

Total Pages: 148

ISBN-13: 3111319563

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The organization of the material is presented as follows: This introductory chapter I represents a theoretical analysis of the computational algorithms for a numerical solution of the basic equations in continuum mechanics. In this chapter, the general requirements for computational grids, discretization, and iterative methods for black-box software are examined. Finally, a concept of a two-grid algorithm for (de-)coupled solving multidimensional non-linear (initial-)boundary value problems in continuum mechanics (multiphysics simulation) in complex domains is presented. Chapter II contains descriptions of the sequential Robust Multigrid Technique which is developed as a general-purpose solver in black-box codes. This chapter presents the main components of the Robust Multigrid Technique (RMT) used in the two-grid algorithm (Chapter I) to compute the auxiliary (structured) grid correction. This includes the generation of multigrid structures, computation of index mapping, and integral evaluation. Finite volume discretization on the multigrid structures will be explained by studying a 1D linear model problem. In addition, the algorithmic complexity of RMT and black-box optimization of the problem-dependent components of RMT are analysed. Chapter III provides a description of parallel RMT. This chapter introduces parallel RMT-based algorithms for solving the boundary value problems and initial-boundary value problems in unified manner. Section 1 presents a comparative analysis of the parallel RMT and the sequential V-cycle. Sections 2 and 3 present a geometric and an algebraic parallelism of RMT, i.e. parallelization of the smoothing iterations on the coarse and the levels. A parallel multigrid cycle will be considered in Section 4. A parallel RMT for the time-dependent problems is given in Section 5. Finally, the basic properties of parallel RMT will be summarized in Section 6. Theoretical aspects of the used algorithms for solving multidimensional problems are discussed in Chapters IV. This chapter contains the theoretical aspects of the algorithms used for the numerical solving of the resulting system of linear algebraic equations obtained from discrete multidimensional (initial-)boundary value problems.


Solving Tough Problems

Solving Tough Problems

Author: Adam Kahane

Publisher: Berrett-Koehler Publishers

Published: 2007-08-01

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 1605098973

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Adam Kahane has worked on some of the toughest, most complex problems in the world. He started out as an expert analyst and advisor to corporations and governments, convinced of the need to calculate “the one right answer.” After an unexpected experience in South Africa during the transition away from apartheid, he got involved in facilitating a series of extraordinary high-conflict, high-stakes problem-solving efforts: in Colombia during the civil war, in Argentina during the collapse, in Guatemala after the genocide, in Israel, Northern Ireland, Cyprus, and the Basque Country. Through these experiences, he learned to create environments that enable new ideas and creative solutions to emerge even in the most stuck, polarized contexts. Here Kahane tells his stories and distills from them an approach all of us can use to solve our own toughest problems—at home, at work, in our communities, and in national and international affairs. “This breakthrough book addresses the central challenge of our time: finding a way to work together to solve the problems we have created.” —Nelson Mandela


Introduction to Numerical Methods for Variational Problems

Introduction to Numerical Methods for Variational Problems

Author: Hans Petter Langtangen

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2019-09-26

Total Pages: 405

ISBN-13: 3030237885

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This textbook teaches finite element methods from a computational point of view. It focuses on how to develop flexible computer programs with Python, a programming language in which a combination of symbolic and numerical tools is used to achieve an explicit and practical derivation of finite element algorithms. The finite element library FEniCS is used throughout the book, but the content is provided in sufficient detail to ensure that students with less mathematical background or mixed programming-language experience will equally benefit. All program examples are available on the Internet.