Time-to-Contact
Time-to-Contact

Author: Heiko Hecht

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2004-05-06

Total Pages: 522

ISBN-13: 0080481388

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Time-to-contact is the visual information that observers use in fundamental tasks such as landing an airplane or hitting a ball. Time-to-contact has been a hot topic in perception and action for many years and although many articles have been published on this topic, a comprehensive overview or assessment of the theory does not yet exist. This book fills an important gap and will have appeal to the perception and action community. The book is divided into four sections. Section one covers the foundation of time-to-contact, Section two covers different behavioral approaches to time-to-contact estimation, Section three focuses on time-to-contact as perception and strategy, and Section four covers time-to-contact and action regulation.

Advances in Psychology and Law
Advances in Psychology and Law

Author: Brian H. Bornstein

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2019-02-05

Total Pages: 322

ISBN-13: 3030110427

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The present volume consists of up-to-date review articles on topics relevant to psychology and law, and will be of current interest to the field. Notably, the majority of these topics are currently attracting a great deal of research and public policy attention in the U.S. and elsewhere, as evidenced by programs at the American Psychology-Law Society and related conferences. Topics for the present volume include: attitudes toward the police (Cole et al.), alibis (Charman et al.), hate crimes based on gender and sexual orientation (Plumm & Leighton), the role of gender at trial (Livingston et al.), neuroimages in court (Glen), intimate partner violence (Mauer & Reppucci), post-identification feedback (Douglass & Smalarz) and individual differences in eyewitness identification (Snowden & Bornstein), veterans’ wellbeing (Berthelot & Prager), and plea bargaining (Levett).

Human Mental Workload
Human Mental Workload

Author: N. Meshkati

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2011-09-02

Total Pages: 399

ISBN-13: 0080867065

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The purpose of this volume is to look at the developments and changes that have occurred in the area of mental workload and its assessment since the NATO symposium was held in 1979. This has been achieved by inviting prominent researchers to survey their respective areas of expertise.Examined are the current methodologies, individual differences, unanswered questions, and future directions for the mental workload issue. Particular topics discussed include the properties of workload assessment techniques, physiological measures, heart rate variability, effort and fatigue in relation to the workload experienced during normal daily routines, subjective assessment techniques, and the cognitive psychology of subjective workload. A preliminary proposal for a cohesive model of mental load is presented. A bibliographic listing of contemporary research reports completes the volume.

Psychological Reality
Psychological Reality

Author: K. Hillner

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2000-04-01

Total Pages: 435

ISBN-13: 0080866808

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This volume presents one possible conceptual analysis of the task of constructing a model of psychological reality, so that psychology's pluralistic state can be put into perspective.Chapters 1 and 2 specify the essential input assumptions of the analysis, establish the boundary conditions of the treatise, preview the kinds of decisions involved in the construction process, and present some necessary background information. Chapters 3 to 5 collectively abstract out possible psychological universes and recount the dominant classical and contemporary models of psychological reality framework. Chapters 6 to 9 focus on the philosophical input into psychology, especially as related to the nature of humanity, the mind-body problem, scientific explanation, and the discipline's two fundamental analytical categories: behavior and experience. Chapters 10 to 12 highlight many of the cultural and pragmatic constraints imposed on any model of psychological reality by considering the applied, contextual and relational aspects of psychology.

Morality in Context
Morality in Context

Author: Wolfgang Edelstein

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2005-07-25

Total Pages: 419

ISBN-13: 0080456979

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Morality in context is a timely topic. A debate between philosophers and social scientists is a good way to approach it. Why is there such a booming interest in morality and why does it focus on context? One starting point is the change in the sociostructural and sociocultural conditions of modern societies. This involves change in the empirical conditions of moral action and in the social demand on morality. As these changes are accounted for and analyzed in the social sciences, new perspectives emerge that give rise to new ways of framing issues and problems. These problems are best addressed by way of cooperation between philosophers and social scientists. As Habermas (1990) has pointed out in a much cited paper, philosophers depend on social science to fill in the data they require to answer the questions raised by philosophy in its "placeholder" function. The reverse also holds true: Social science needs the conceptual clarifications that philosophy can provide. With respect to morality, such mutual interchanges are of particular importance the contributions to this book show convincingly.

Advances in Psychology Research
Advances in Psychology Research

Author: Serge P. Shohov

Publisher: Nova Publishers

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 9781594540790

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Presents original research results on the leading edge of psychology. Each chapter has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial advances across a broad spectrum.

Discourse Processing
Discourse Processing

Author: A. Flammer

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2000-04-01

Total Pages: 625

ISBN-13: 008086662X

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Research on discourse (or text) processing has only recently come into its own. It builds on the work of text analysis which has a long and distinguished history, but modern developments in psychology (e.g. memory research), artificial intelligence, linguistics and philosophy have contributed to this emergence in the last decade as a lively and promising research area. This book contains 46 selected and edited contributions from the International Symposium held in Fribourg in 1981, and represents a truly international overview of the developments in research on written and oral discourse. The contributions have been grouped according to problem area and not according to methodology, with the intention of focusing on the important issues in the field of discourse processing and of showing how diverse approaches contribute to a better understanding of the problems involved. The main themes are: text structure, coherence, inference, memory processes, attention and control, goal perspectives, and educational implications.

The Psychology of Risk Taking Behavior
The Psychology of Risk Taking Behavior

Author: R.M. Trimpop

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1994-04-28

Total Pages: 413

ISBN-13: 0080867618

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This book aims to help the reader to understand what motivates people to engage in risk taking behavior, such as participating in traffic, sports, financial investments, or courtship. The consequences of risk taking may be positive, or result in accidents and injuries, especially in traffic. The wealth of studies and theories (about 1000 references) is used to offer a cohesive, holistic view of risk motivation. The risk motivation theory is a dynamic state-trait model incorporating physiological, emotional and cognitive components of risk perception, processing and planning. If a deficit exists between desired and perceived risk, risk compensation behavior results. A feedback loop provides new information for the next perception-motivation-behavior process. Assumptions were tested and support was found with 120 subjects in a longitudinal study. The concepts and findings are discussed in relation to psychological theories and their meaning for our daily lives.

Knowledge Acquisition from Text and Pictures
Knowledge Acquisition from Text and Pictures

Author: H. Mandl

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 1989-04-01

Total Pages: 347

ISBN-13: 008086712X

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Media-didactics have recently become more firmly grounded on cognitive theory, with an increasing concern for the internal processes of knowledge representation and acquisition. With this cognitive aspect in mind, an international group of researchers held a meeting in Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany, to present and discuss the theoretical approaches to and empirical investigations of knowledge acquisition from text and pictures. This volume contains the revised contributions resulting from that meeting.

Advances in Social-psychology and Music Education Research
Advances in Social-psychology and Music Education Research

Author: Patrice Madura Ward-Steinman

Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Published: 2011

Total Pages: 286

ISBN-13: 1409422771

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"A festschrift that honors the career of Charles P Schmidt on the occasion of his retirement from the Indiana University Jacobs School of Music. It includes chapters that recognize the influence of Schmidt as a researcher, a research reviewer, and a research mentor, and contributes to the advancement of the social-psychological model."--Publisher.