Based on an interdisciplinary approach that directly bridges orthopedic concepts to surface science, this book details cutting-edge research in bioceramics science, physical chemistry, biomedical optics, and nanomechanics. The book cites some of the more conventional spectroscopic characterization techniques-including Raman and cathodoluminescence
This book is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. White Paper on Joint Replacement This White Paper details the status of hip and knee arthroplasty care in Germany. Hip and knee replacements are amongst the most frequently performed procedures and usually become necessarily due to age-related wear of the joint, osteoarthritis and fractures of the femoral neck. In light of demographic change, demands with regard to standards of care and the procedures are likely to rise. Contents • This White Paper contains information on indications, procedures, health economic aspects and the healthcare system stakeholders involved. • It portrays current developments with regard to the prevalence of hip and knee arthroplasty, the healthcare situation and quality of care within the chain of medical care. • This book is complemented by a chapter assessing the current situation from an expert perspective with contributions from renowned experts in the fields of science, medical technology and medical practice. This book addresses people involved in shaping and representing the healthcare system from a variety of fields including medical professions, health insurances and health sciences as well as journalists and patient representatives.
This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery
This handbook describes several current trends in the development of bioceramics and biocomposites for clinical use in the repair, remodelling, and regeneration of bone tissue. Comprehensive coverage of these materials allows fundamental aspects of the science and engineering to be seen in close relation to the clinical performance of dental and orthopaedic implants. Bioceramics and biocomposites appear to be the most dynamic area of materials development for both tissue engineering and implantable medical devices. Almost all medical specialties will continue to benefit from these developments, but especially dentistry and orthopaedics. In this Handbook, leading researchers describe the use of bionanomaterials to create new functionalities when interfaced with biological molecules or structures. Also described are technologies for bioceramics and biocomposites processing in order to fabricate medical devices for clinical use. Another important section of the book is dedicated to tissue regeneration with development of new matrices. A targeted or personalized treatment device reduces drug consumption and treatment expenses, resulting in benefits to the patient and cost reductions for public health systems. This authoritative reference on the state-of-the-art in the development and use of bioceramics and biocomposites can also serve as the basis of instructional course lectures for audiences ranging from advanced undergraduate students to post-graduates in materials science and engineering and biomedical engineering.
This book describes the science, development, properties and application of of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) used in artificial joints. This material is currently used in 1.4 million patients around the world every year for use in the hip, knee, upper extremities, and spine. Since the publication of the 1st edition there have been major advances in the development and clinical adoption of highly crosslinked UHMWPE for hip and knee replacement. There has also been a major international effort to introduce Vitamin E stabilized UHMWPE for patients. The accumulated knowledge on these two classes of materials are a key feature of the 2nd edition, along with an additional 19 additional chapters providing coverage of the key engineering aspects (biomechanical and materials science) and clinical/biological performance of UHMWPE, providing a more complete reference for industrial and academic materials specialists, and for surgeons and clinicians who require an understanding of the biomaterials properties of UHMWPE to work successfully on patient applications. * The UHMWPE Handbook is the comprehensive reference for professionals, researchers, and clinicians working with biomaterials technologies for joint replacement * New to this edition: 19 new chapters keep readers up to date with this fast moving topic, including a new section on UHMWPE biomaterials; highly crosslinked UHMWPE for hip and knee replacement; Vitamin E stabilized UHMWPE for patients; clinical performance, tribology an biologic interaction of UHMWPE * State-of-the-art coverage of UHMWPE technology, orthopedic applications, biomaterial characterisation and engineering aspects from recognised leaders in the field
Since the major pioneering of joint replacement surgery more than fifty years ago, much research and progress has been made in the field of arthroplasty with new insights into better materials, types of cement and bone-cell compatible coatings, and a better understanding of the causes of implant failure. With an increasingly ageing population the requirement for arthroplastic surgery is manifest; over 800,000 hips worldwide are replaced each year, and replacement surgery is performed for almost every joint of the body. The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements covers the design, engineering, production and manufacture of human joint replacements, as well as associated engineering concerns such as surface coatings, orthopedic bone cement, the causes and effects of wear and tear, and rapid prototyping for clinical evaluation. Materials evaluation and selection is discussed, as well as production processes and insertion methods. The author provides an overview of skeletal anatomy and the effects of pain and deterioration in order to put the engineering principles into a medical context. Examples of joint replacements for the most common regions of the body are included, and aspects of clinical studies of these cases are discussed. Key Features: • Provides an overview of the engineering materials and processes involved in the manufacture of human joint replacements • Sets the scene for engineers and clinicians embarking on research into joint replacements • Includes clinical and industrial examples and points the way to future developments • Provides information on medical device companies with an engineering guide to the requirements for joint replacement The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements bridges the divide between engineering and orthopaedic surgery, offering an introductory text to young engineers entering the field, as well as a reference for medical staff who will benefit from an understanding of the materials and methods used in their design, engineering and manufacture.
"The replacement of a degenerated joint such as the hip and knee is one of the most outstanding interventions that allows the medical community to restore the patient's quality of life. However, today's patient is increasingly younger and more active and this presents a challenge for the orthopaedic community as a greater demand has been created for a longer lasting artificial joint that can allow the patient to maintain their lifestyle and thus new approaches in biotribology have been focused on this area of research. This invaluable book provides a broad introduction to the boundary conditions, developments and latest research activities already available to the surgeon and offers an insight into solutions being developed for new high performance bearings in joint replacements. The contributors are leading experts in their field and this is the first complete volume to bring together such unique insights. Orthopaedic engineers, surgeons and researchers concerned with new biomaterials would find this a vital reference volume to evaluate the latest state of research in the area."--
This book provides in-depth knowledge about cross rolling of biomedical alloys, cellulose, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, magnesium-based nanocomposites, titanium, titanium alloys, stainless steel, and improved biodegradable implants materials for biomechanical applications like joint replacements, bone plates, bone cement, artificial ligaments and tendons, dental implants for tooth fixation, and hip implants. It comprehensively covers advancements in materials including graphene-reinforced magnesium metal matrix, magnesium and its alloys, and 2D nanomaterials. The text discusses important topics including advanced materials for biomechanical applications, design, and analysis of stainless steel 316L for femur bone fracture healing, design and manufacturing of prosthetic dental implants, a biomechanical study of a low-cost prosthetic leg, and an energy harvesting mechanism for walking applications. The text will serve as a useful text for graduate students, academic researchers, and general practitioners in areas including materials science, manufacturing engineering, mechanical engineering, and biomechanical engineering.
Papers presented at the Seventeenth International Symposium on Processing and Fabrication of Advanced Material XVII, held at New Delhi during 15-17 December 2008.
