Mathematical Model for Studying Combined Effect of Individual Cell Behavior on Developing Tissue Shape in Plants
Mathematical Model for Studying Combined Effect of Individual Cell Behavior on Developing Tissue Shape in Plants

Author: Mikahl Banwarth-Kuhn

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 97

ISBN-13: 9781392170335

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The development of an organ or organism is a complex process that includes many interacting components. Scientific inquiries in developmental biology have motivated the creation of novel mathematical tools to better understand how distributions of cellular identities and phenotypes are attained through spatiotemporal regulation of cell behaviors and gene regulation. One of the central problems in animal and plant developmental biology is deciphering how chemical and mechanical signals interact within a tissue to produce organs of defined size, shape, and function. Plant development is much different from animals since the majority of organs are continually produced throughout the life of the plant and the presence of the cell wall imposes a unique constraint on cell behaviors. How exactly cell wall mechanical properties influence cell behaviors that lead to stem cell maintenance and correct organ formation is still largely unknown. To address this problem, a novel, subcellular element computational model of growth of stem cells within the multilayered shoot apical meristem (SAM) of Arabidopsis thaliana is developed and calibrated using experimental data. Novel features of the model include separate, detailed descriptions of cell wall extensibility and mechanical stiffness, deformation of the middle lamella, and increase in cytoplasmic pressure generating internal turgor pressure. The model is used to test novel hypothesized mechanisms of formation of the shape and structure of the growing, multilayered SAM based on WUS concentration of individual cells controlling cell growth rates and layer-dependent anisotropic mechanical properties of subcellular components of individual cells determining anisotropic cell expansion directions. Model simulations also provide a detailed prediction of distribution of stresses in the growing tissue which can be tested in future experiments.

Comprehensive Biotechnology
Comprehensive Biotechnology

Author:

Publisher: Newnes

Published: 2011-08-26

Total Pages: 5304

ISBN-13: 0080885047

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The second edition of Comprehensive Biotechnology, Six Volume Set continues the tradition of the first inclusive work on this dynamic field with up-to-date and essential entries on the principles and practice of biotechnology. The integration of the latest relevant science and industry practice with fundamental biotechnology concepts is presented with entries from internationally recognized world leaders in their given fields. With two volumes covering basic fundamentals, and four volumes of applications, from environmental biotechnology and safety to medical biotechnology and healthcare, this work serves the needs of newcomers as well as established experts combining the latest relevant science and industry practice in a manageable format. It is a multi-authored work, written by experts and vetted by a prestigious advisory board and group of volume editors who are biotechnology innovators and educators with international influence. All six volumes are published at the same time, not as a series; this is not a conventional encyclopedia but a symbiotic integration of brief articles on established topics and longer chapters on new emerging areas. Hyperlinks provide sources of extensive additional related information; material authored and edited by world-renown experts in all aspects of the broad multidisciplinary field of biotechnology Scope and nature of the work are vetted by a prestigious International Advisory Board including three Nobel laureates Each article carries a glossary and a professional summary of the authors indicating their appropriate credentials An extensive index for the entire publication gives a complete list of the many topics treated in the increasingly expanding field

Introduction to Mathematical Oncology
Introduction to Mathematical Oncology

Author: Yang Kuang

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2018-09-03

Total Pages: 291

ISBN-13: 1498752977

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Introduction to Mathematical Oncology presents biologically well-motivated and mathematically tractable models that facilitate both a deep understanding of cancer biology and better cancer treatment designs. It covers the medical and biological background of the diseases, modeling issues, and existing methods and their limitations. The authors introduce mathematical and programming tools, along with analytical and numerical studies of the models. They also develop new mathematical tools and look to future improvements on dynamical models. After introducing the general theory of medicine and exploring how mathematics can be essential in its understanding, the text describes well-known, practical, and insightful mathematical models of avascular tumor growth and mathematically tractable treatment models based on ordinary differential equations. It continues the topic of avascular tumor growth in the context of partial differential equation models by incorporating the spatial structure and physiological structure, such as cell size. The book then focuses on the recent active multi-scale modeling efforts on prostate cancer growth and treatment dynamics. It also examines more mechanistically formulated models, including cell quota-based population growth models, with applications to real tumors and validation using clinical data. The remainder of the text presents abundant additional historical, biological, and medical background materials for advanced and specific treatment modeling efforts. Extensively classroom-tested in undergraduate and graduate courses, this self-contained book allows instructors to emphasize specific topics relevant to clinical cancer biology and treatment. It can be used in a variety of ways, including a single-semester undergraduate course, a more ambitious graduate course, or a full-year sequence on mathematical oncology.

Asymmetric Division of Cell Population Structure Models with Negative Feedback
Asymmetric Division of Cell Population Structure Models with Negative Feedback

Author: Abdalnaser S. Algoud

Publisher:

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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ALGOUD, ABDALNASER, Ph.D., August 2023, Mathematics Asymmetric Division of Cell Population Structure Models With Negative Feedback (190 pp.) Director of Dissertation: Todd Young We study the influence of asymmetric division on the phenomenon of temporal clustering in population models of certain yeast experiments. Budding yeast has been observed for many years to exhibit stable metabolic oscillations in certain bioreactor experiments and some of these oscillations are known to involve the cell cycle and temporal clustering, i.e. groups of cells traversing the cycle in near synchrony. We study a simple model of the cell cycle in which cells in one region of the cell cycle may negatively influence the progress of cells in another region through chemical agents in the media resulting in temporal clustering. In budding yeast, the division is asymmetric - it results in two non-identical cells, namely a larger mother and a smaller daughter. We study the possible effects of this asymmetric division on the dynamics of temporal clustering as well as the stability of clustered solutions in simple population models. We show that a p: q clustering structure, i.e. with p mother clusters and q daughter clusters, p q, can form and be stable under asymmetric division when certain conditions are satisfied. We study the stability of such solutions analytically. We also study how p: q clustering would affect observables in bioreactor experiments.

The Molecular Basis of Cancer
The Molecular Basis of Cancer

Author: John Mendelsohn

Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences

Published: 2008-04-01

Total Pages: 1948

ISBN-13: 1437710999

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Successfully fighting cancer starts with understanding how it begins. This thoroughly revised 3rd Edition explores the scientific basis for our current understanding of malignant transformation and the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer. A team of leading experts thoroughly explain the molecular biologic principles that underlie the diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions now being used in clinical trials and practice. Incorporating cutting-edge advances and the newest research, the book provides thorough descriptions of everything from molecular abnormalities in common cancers to new approaches for cancer therapy. Features sweeping updates throughout, including molecular targets for the development of anti-cancer drugs, gene therapy, and vaccines...keeping you on the cutting edge of your specialty. Offers a new, more user-friendly full-color format so the information that you need is easier to find. Presents abundant figures-all redrawn in full color-illustrating major concepts for easier comprehension. Features numerous descriptions of the latest clinical strategies-helping you to understand and take advantage of today’s state-of-the-art biotechnology advances.