Philosophy of religion as a discipline first arose in Europe; its subject matter has been profoundly influenced by the practices of European Christianity. While Eastern and Western religions subsequently found a place in these studies, one global religious tradition, namely, the primal tradition, remains unrepresented in its discussions. This book examines the significantly different perspectives offered by primal religions on virtually every theme discussed in the philosophy of religion.
This book is animated by a shared conviction that philosophy of religion needs to change: thirteen new essays suggest why and how. The first part of the volume explores possible changes to the focus of the field. The second part focuses on the standpoint from which philosophers of religion should approach their field. In the first part are chapters on how an emphasis on faith distorts attempts to engage non-western religious ideas; on how philosophers from different traditions might collaborate on common interests; on why the common presupposition of ultimacy leads to error; on how new religious movements feed a naturalistic philosophy of religion; on why a focus on belief and a focus on practice are both mistaken; on why philosophy's deep axiological concern should set much of the field's agenda; and on how the field might contribute to religious evolution. The second part includes a qualitative analysis of the standpoint of fifty-one philosophers of religion, and also addresses issues about humility needed in continental philosophy of religion; about the implausibility of claiming that one's own worldview is uniquely rational; about the Moorean approach to religious epistemology; about a Spinozan middle way between 'insider' and 'outsider' perspectives; and about the unorthodox lessons we could learn from scriptures like the book of Job if we could get past the confessional turn in recent philosophy of religion.The goal of the volume is to identify new paths for philosophers of religion that are distinct from those travelled by theologians and other scholars of religion.
Religion is an integral part of mankind and affects everybody, regardless of religious inclination or posturing. The reality of our contemporary world is that matters of religion will literally stare you in the face – it’s ineluctable. There exists a wide spectrum of dedication, disinclination and aversion to religion, and the potential extremism among all categories is existential. In certain instances, adopted positions sometimes manifest as an aversion to religion, and by extension God. Historically, great minds, thinkers, philosophers and scientists have tried to decipher the meaning of life, and the matter of religion played a recurring role. In understanding the complexities of religion, the matter should ideally be approached via holistic and historical analysis, with the aim of unravelling its primal objective. The propositions of this project are derived from various academic sources, including theological exegesis – primarily Biblical and Quranic. P.R.I.S.M considers every form of belief and non-belief: from the agnostic to the atheist, Christian to Hindu, Jew to Muslim, and traditionalist to Zoroastrian. Maybe the concept of religion has been misunderstood and misrepresented? P.R.I.S.M is a multidisciplinary and rational approach to the matter of God and religion, from a universal viewpoint. Potentially, a proper understanding of these issues may assist mankind in its quest for peaceful coexistence.
God by T. D. Curtis is a series of philosophical poems that pertain to explain deity through the lenses of facts, science, nature, reason, intuition, revelation and common sense. Excerpt: "The home of God, as it to me appears, Is the Great Spirit Sun, whence emanate All things beheld by scientists and seers— The births of countless myriads of years Wherein the sexual forces procreate The suns and universes, and the forms That naturally fill each vast estate, Preparing, through each sun that lights and warms, Abodes for future life's innumerable swarms."
The philosophy of religion is a discipline that explores a wide range of issues related to religious beliefs and practices. However, the field has historically exhibited a narrow focus, predominantly centreing on the Christian tradition and lacking substantial interaction between philosophers from distinct religious and cultural backgrounds. To address this, Global Dialogues in the Philosophy of Religion includes contributions from eminent scholars that address the world's five major religious traditions: Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism. These dialogues delve into the philosophical aspects of religion, covering significant topics, including revelation and religious experience, analysis of faith, science and religion, the foundations of morality, and life and the afterlife. In each section, one of these critical issues is examined by three distinguished philosophers, each specializing in a particular religious tradition. These authors not only present their own perspectives on the subject matter but also respond to the viewpoints of philosophers from other traditions. This dynamic exchange gives readers valuable insight into how philosophical inquiries can be approached from various religious standpoints. This unique collection offers a rich tapestry of ideas and fosters a greater understanding of the philosophical dimensions of religion across diverse cultural and religious contexts. An open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence.
Traditional theistic proofs are often understood as evidence intended to compel belief in a divinity. John Clayton explores the surprisingly varied applications of such proofs in the work of philosophers and theologians from several periods and traditions, thinkers as varied as Ramanuja, al-Ghazali, Anselm, and Jefferson. He shows how the gradual disembedding of theistic proofs from their diverse and local religious contexts is concurrent with the development of natural theologies and atheism as social and intellectual options in early modern Europe and America. Clayton offers a fresh reading of the early modern history of philosophy and theology, arguing that awareness of such history, and the local uses of theistic argument, offer important ways of managing religious and cultural difference in the public sphere. He argues for the importance of historically grounded philosophy of religion to the field of religious studies and public debate on religious pluralism and cultural diversity.
In this book Anthony O’Hear examines the reasons that are given for religious faith. His approach is firmly within the classical tradition of natural theology, but an underlying theme is the differences between the personal Creator of the Bible or the Koran and a God conceived of as the indeterminate ground of everything determinate. Drawing on several religious traditions and on the resources of contemporary philosophy, specific chapters analyse the nature of religious faith and of religious experience. They examine connections between religion and morality, and religion and human knowledge – the cosmological, teleological and ontological arguments, process thought, and the problem that evil presents for religion. The final chapter returns to the inherently dogmatic nature of religious faith and concludes that rational people should look beyond religion for the fulfilment of their spiritual needs.
Religion and the Philosophy of Life considers how religion as the source of civilization transforms the fundamental bio-sociology of humans through language and the somatic exploration of religious ritual and prayer. Gavin Flood offers an integrative account of the nature of the human, based on what contemporary scientists tell us, especially evolutionary science and social neuroscience, as well as through the history of civilizations. Part one contemplates fundamental questions and assumptions: what the current state of knowledge is concerning life itself; what the philosophical issues are in that understanding; and how we can explain religion as the driving force of civilizations in the context of human development within an evolutionary perspective. It also addresses the question of the emergence of religion and presents a related study of sacrifice as fundamental to religions' views about life and its transformation. Part two offers a reading of religions in three civilizational blocks—India, China, and Europe/the Middle East—particularly as they came to formation in the medieval period. It traces the history of how these civilizations have thematised the idea of life itself. Part three then takes up the idea of a life force in part three and traces the theme of the philosophy of life through to modern times. On the one hand, the book presents a narrative account of life itself through the history of civilizations, and on the other presents an explanation of that narrative in terms of life.
