A Novel Lidar Ceilometer
A Novel Lidar Ceilometer

Author: Joshua D. Vande Hey

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2014-11-19

Total Pages: 174

ISBN-13: 331912613X

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In this thesis, a new lidar (light detection and ranging) ceilometer capable of monitoring cloud base and sensitive to boundary layer aerosols is introduced. The key to this novelty lies in its divided-lens design that addresses a classical lidar problem of balancing transmitter-receiver overlap and signal-to-noise ratio, along with a method for characterizing overlap in the laboratory. Enhanced sensitivity in the near-range of the instrument is achieved without compromising signal-to-noise in a design that is straightforward to manufacture for broad deployment. The instrument, its optical characterization, and its performance in the field are described. The prototype instrument described here has since formed the basis of a commercial sensor for monitoring clouds and aerosols. High-resolution, continuous observations of clouds and aerosols are needed to reduce the large uncertainties in our current understanding of their influence on climate that have been highlighted by the International Panel on Climate Change. And as international health organizations indicate growing public health threats over the coming decades resulting from poor air quality, extensive aerosol monitoring is required to assess personal exposure to and the health impacts of anthropogenic particulates. Ground-based optical remote sensing measurements made by well-characterized instruments, such as that described in these pages, are critical to this.

Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements
Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements

Author: Thomas Foken

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-09

Total Pages: 1761

ISBN-13: 3030521710

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This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.

Multi-purposeful Application of Geospatial Data
Multi-purposeful Application of Geospatial Data

Author: Rustam B. Rustamov

Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand

Published: 2018-05-09

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 1789231086

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This book is dedicated toward space technology application in Earth studies based on the use of a variety of methods for satellite information classification and interpretation. Advantages of geospatial data use in a large-scale area of observation and monitoring as a source of decision-making stage have been demonstrated. The book describes navigation systems providing data estimation method and review of existing data in the literature relevant to remote sensing sensors delivering main information electromagnetic spectrum and a variety of sensor applications. This aspect is important when combining/integrating satellite data processing into the field measurements. Satellites and satellite data application for the study of Earth features have been demonstrated as the next step of geospatial data application. The use of different purposeful processing technology applications of satellite data is one of the vital aspects of space technology advances. The use of GNSS GPS technology in industry and MODIS images and data interpretation for agriculture purposes has been presented. It was the aim of the book to create an attractive environment by presenting space technology application in the wide areas of Earth study. For this purpose, some of the book chapters are dedicated toward space technology advances in climate monitoring, natural disaster factor detection, satellite data processing optimization, and GIS technology for meteorology information with the aim of agriculture developments.

Integrated Ground-Based Observing Systems
Integrated Ground-Based Observing Systems

Author: Domenico Cimini

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-09-15

Total Pages: 310

ISBN-13: 3642129684

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The book is a collection of the lectures delivered during the 7th International Summer School on Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ISSAOS) titled “Integrated Ground-Based Observing Systems Applications for Climate, Meteorology, and Civil Protection”. Its aim is to contribute to the scientific understanding of basic concepts and applications of integrated ground-based observing systems. The first part describes the most common instrumentations showing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, strategic plans for the deployment of an observation site are discussed along with an overview of techniques for integrating heterogeneous data. The second part introduces cutting-edge applications, including assimilation in numerical weather prediction, climate benchmarking, air quality monitoring and meteo/hydrological warnings.

Surface-Based Remote Sensing of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
Surface-Based Remote Sensing of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Author: Stefan Emeis

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-09-08

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 9048193400

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The book presents a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) research. It focuses on experimental ABL research, while most of the books on ABL discuss it from a theoretical or fluid dynamics point of view. Experimental ABL research has been made so far by surface-based in-situ experimentation (tower measurements up to a few hundred meters, surface energy balance measurements, short aircraft experiments, short experiments with tethered balloons, constant-level balloons, evaluation of radiosonde data). Surface flux measurements are also discussed in the book. Although the surface fluxes are one of the main driving factors for the daily variation of the ABL, an ABL description is only complete if its vertical structure is analyzed and determined. Satellite information is available covering large areas, but it has only limited temporal resolution and lacks sufficient vertical resolution. Therefore, surface-based remote sensing is a large challenge to enlarge the database for ABL studies, as it offers nearly continuous and vertically highly resolved information for specific sites of interest. Considerable progress has been made in the recent years in studying of ground-based remote sensing of the ABL. The book discusses such new subjects as micro-rain radars and the use of ceilometers for ABL profiling, modern small wind lidars for wind energy applications, ABL flux profile measurements, RASS techniques, and mixing-layer height determination.

Handbook of Optoelectronics
Handbook of Optoelectronics

Author: John P. Dakin

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2017-10-05

Total Pages: 673

ISBN-13: 1351595598

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Handbook of Optoelectronics offers a self-contained reference from the basic science and light sources to devices and modern applications across the entire spectrum of disciplines utilizing optoelectronic technologies. This second edition gives a complete update of the original work with a focus on systems and applications. Volume I covers the details of optoelectronic devices and techniques including semiconductor lasers, optical detectors and receivers, optical fiber devices, modulators, amplifiers, integrated optics, LEDs, and engineered optical materials with brand new chapters on silicon photonics, nanophotonics, and graphene optoelectronics. Volume II addresses the underlying system technologies enabling state-of-the-art communications, imaging, displays, sensing, data processing, energy conversion, and actuation. Volume III is brand new to this edition, focusing on applications in infrastructure, transport, security, surveillance, environmental monitoring, military, industrial, oil and gas, energy generation and distribution, medicine, and free space. No other resource in the field comes close to its breadth and depth, with contributions from leading industrial and academic institutions around the world. Whether used as a reference, research tool, or broad-based introduction to the field, the Handbook offers everything you need to get started. John P. Dakin, PhD, is professor (emeritus) at the Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, UK. Robert G. W. Brown, PhD, is chief executive officer of the American Institute of Physics and an adjunct full professor in the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic at the University of California, Irvine.