A Mathematical Theory of Evidence

A Mathematical Theory of Evidence

Author: Glenn Shafer

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2020-06-30

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 0691214697

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Both in science and in practical affairs we reason by combining facts only inconclusively supported by evidence. Building on an abstract understanding of this process of combination, this book constructs a new theory of epistemic probability. The theory draws on the work of A. P. Dempster but diverges from Depster's viewpoint by identifying his "lower probabilities" as epistemic probabilities and taking his rule for combining "upper and lower probabilities" as fundamental. The book opens with a critique of the well-known Bayesian theory of epistemic probability. It then proceeds to develop an alternative to the additive set functions and the rule of conditioning of the Bayesian theory: set functions that need only be what Choquet called "monotone of order of infinity." and Dempster's rule for combining such set functions. This rule, together with the idea of "weights of evidence," leads to both an extensive new theory and a better understanding of the Bayesian theory. The book concludes with a brief treatment of statistical inference and a discussion of the limitations of epistemic probability. Appendices contain mathematical proofs, which are relatively elementary and seldom depend on mathematics more advanced that the binomial theorem.


A Mathematical Theory of Hints

A Mathematical Theory of Hints

Author: Juerg Kohlas

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-11-11

Total Pages: 430

ISBN-13: 3662016745

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An approach to the modeling of and the reasoning under uncertainty. The book develops the Dempster-Shafer Theory with regard to the reliability of reasoning with uncertain arguments. Of particular interest here is the development of a new synthesis and the integration of logic and probability theory. The reader benefits from a new approach to uncertainty modeling which extends classical probability theory.


Classic Works of the Dempster-Shafer Theory of Belief Functions

Classic Works of the Dempster-Shafer Theory of Belief Functions

Author: Ronald R. Yager

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2008-01-22

Total Pages: 813

ISBN-13: 354044792X

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This is a collection of classic research papers on the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions. The book is the authoritative reference in the field of evidential reasoning and an important archival reference in a wide range of areas including uncertainty reasoning in artificial intelligence and decision making in economics, engineering, and management. The book includes a foreword reflecting the development of the theory in the last forty years.


A Mathematical Theory of Evidence

A Mathematical Theory of Evidence

Author: Glenn Shafer

Publisher:

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 297

ISBN-13: 9780691081755

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Degrees of belief; Dempster's rule of combination; Simple and separable support functions; The weights of evidence; Compatible frames of discernment; Support functions; The discernment of evidence; Quasi support functions; Consonance; Statistical evidence; The dual nature of probable reasoning.


Measurement Uncertainty

Measurement Uncertainty

Author: Simona Salicone

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2007-06-04

Total Pages: 235

ISBN-13: 0387463283

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The expression of uncertainty in measurement poses a challenge since it involves physical, mathematical, and philosophical issues. This problem is intensified by the limitations of the probabilistic approach used by the current standard (the GUM Instrumentation Standard). This text presents an alternative approach. It makes full use of the mathematical theory of evidence to express the uncertainty in measurements. Coverage provides an overview of the current standard, then pinpoints and constructively resolves its limitations. Numerous examples throughout help explain the book’s unique approach.


The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes

The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes

Author: Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 676

ISBN-13: 9780198503705

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Part of the reissued Oxford Classic Texts in the Physical Sciences series, this book was first published in 1983, and has swiftly become one of the great modern classics of relativity theory. It represents a personal testament to the work of the author, who spent several years writing and working-out the entire subject matter. The theory of black holes is the most simple and beautiful consequence of Einstein's relativity theory. At the time of writing there was no physical evidence for the existence of these objects, therefore all that Professor Chandrasekhar used for their construction were modern mathematical concepts of space and time. Since that time a growing body of evidence has pointed to the truth of Professor Chandrasekhar's findings, and the wisdom contained in this book has become fully evident.


The Mathematical Theory of Communication

The Mathematical Theory of Communication

Author: Claude E Shannon

Publisher: University of Illinois Press

Published: 1998-09-01

Total Pages: 141

ISBN-13: 025209803X

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Scientific knowledge grows at a phenomenal pace--but few books have had as lasting an impact or played as important a role in our modern world as The Mathematical Theory of Communication, published originally as a paper on communication theory more than fifty years ago. Republished in book form shortly thereafter, it has since gone through four hardcover and sixteen paperback printings. It is a revolutionary work, astounding in its foresight and contemporaneity. The University of Illinois Press is pleased and honored to issue this commemorative reprinting of a classic.


Probability and Finance

Probability and Finance

Author: Glenn Shafer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2005-02-25

Total Pages: 438

ISBN-13: 0471461717

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Provides a foundation for probability based on game theory rather than measure theory. A strong philosophical approach with practical applications. Presents in-depth coverage of classical probability theory as well as new theory.


Game-Theoretic Foundations for Probability and Finance

Game-Theoretic Foundations for Probability and Finance

Author: Glenn Shafer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2019-03-21

Total Pages: 483

ISBN-13: 1118547934

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Game-theoretic probability and finance come of age Glenn Shafer and Vladimir Vovk’s Probability and Finance, published in 2001, showed that perfect-information games can be used to define mathematical probability. Based on fifteen years of further research, Game-Theoretic Foundations for Probability and Finance presents a mature view of the foundational role game theory can play. Its account of probability theory opens the way to new methods of prediction and testing and makes many statistical methods more transparent and widely usable. Its contributions to finance theory include purely game-theoretic accounts of Ito’s stochastic calculus, the capital asset pricing model, the equity premium, and portfolio theory. Game-Theoretic Foundations for Probability and Finance is a book of research. It is also a teaching resource. Each chapter is supplemented with carefully designed exercises and notes relating the new theory to its historical context. Praise from early readers “Ever since Kolmogorov's Grundbegriffe, the standard mathematical treatment of probability theory has been measure-theoretic. In this ground-breaking work, Shafer and Vovk give a game-theoretic foundation instead. While being just as rigorous, the game-theoretic approach allows for vast and useful generalizations of classical measure-theoretic results, while also giving rise to new, radical ideas for prediction, statistics and mathematical finance without stochastic assumptions. The authors set out their theory in great detail, resulting in what is definitely one of the most important books on the foundations of probability to have appeared in the last few decades.” – Peter Grünwald, CWI and University of Leiden “Shafer and Vovk have thoroughly re-written their 2001 book on the game-theoretic foundations for probability and for finance. They have included an account of the tremendous growth that has occurred since, in the game-theoretic and pathwise approaches to stochastic analysis and in their applications to continuous-time finance. This new book will undoubtedly spur a better understanding of the foundations of these very important fields, and we should all be grateful to its authors.” – Ioannis Karatzas, Columbia University


The Emergence of Probability

The Emergence of Probability

Author: Ian Hacking

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 1984-06-21

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 9780521318037

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Includes an introduction, contextualizing his book in light of developing philosophical trends.