A Higher-Dimensional Sieve Method
A Higher-Dimensional Sieve Method

Author: Harold G. Diamond

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2008-10-16

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 113947491X

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Nearly a hundred years have passed since Viggo Brun invented his famous sieve, and the use of sieve methods is constantly evolving. As probability and combinatorics have penetrated the fabric of mathematical activity, sieve methods have become more versatile and sophisticated and in recent years have played a part in some of the most spectacular mathematical discoveries. Many arithmetical investigations encounter a combinatorial problem that requires a sieving argument, and this tract offers a modern and reliable guide in such situations. The theory of higher dimensional sieves is thoroughly explored, and examples are provided throughout. A Mathematica® software package for sieve-theoretical calculations is provided on the authors' website. To further benefit readers, the Appendix describes methods for computing sieve functions. These methods are generally applicable to the computation of other functions used in analytic number theory. The appendix also illustrates features of Mathematica® which aid in the computation of such functions.

Mathematics of Two-Dimensional Turbulence
Mathematics of Two-Dimensional Turbulence

Author: Sergei Kuksin

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-09-20

Total Pages: 337

ISBN-13: 113957695X

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This book is dedicated to the mathematical study of two-dimensional statistical hydrodynamics and turbulence, described by the 2D Navier–Stokes system with a random force. The authors' main goal is to justify the statistical properties of a fluid's velocity field u(t,x) that physicists assume in their work. They rigorously prove that u(t,x) converges, as time grows, to a statistical equilibrium, independent of initial data. They use this to study ergodic properties of u(t,x) – proving, in particular, that observables f(u(t,.)) satisfy the strong law of large numbers and central limit theorem. They also discuss the inviscid limit when viscosity goes to zero, normalising the force so that the energy of solutions stays constant, while their Reynolds numbers grow to infinity. They show that then the statistical equilibria converge to invariant measures of the 2D Euler equation and study these measures. The methods apply to other nonlinear PDEs perturbed by random forces.

Coherence in Three-Dimensional Category Theory
Coherence in Three-Dimensional Category Theory

Author: Nick Gurski

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2013-03-21

Total Pages: 287

ISBN-13: 1107328799

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Dimension three is an important test-bed for hypotheses in higher category theory and occupies something of a unique position in the categorical landscape. At the heart of matters is the coherence theorem, of which this book provides a definitive treatment, as well as covering related results. Along the way the author treats such material as the Gray tensor product and gives a construction of the fundamental 3-groupoid of a space. The book serves as a comprehensive introduction, covering essential material for any student of coherence and assuming only a basic understanding of higher category theory. It is also a reference point for many key concepts in the field and therefore a vital resource for researchers wishing to apply higher categories or coherence results in fields such as algebraic topology or theoretical computer science.

Jordan Structures in Geometry and Analysis
Jordan Structures in Geometry and Analysis

Author: Cho-Ho Chu

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2011-11-17

Total Pages: 273

ISBN-13: 1139505432

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Jordan theory has developed rapidly in the last three decades, but very few books describe its diverse applications. Here, the author discusses some recent advances of Jordan theory in differential geometry, complex and functional analysis, with the aid of numerous examples and concise historical notes. These include: the connection between Jordan and Lie theory via the Tits–Kantor–Koecher construction of Lie algebras; a Jordan algebraic approach to infinite dimensional symmetric manifolds including Riemannian symmetric spaces; the one-to-one correspondence between bounded symmetric domains and JB*-triples; and applications of Jordan methods in complex function theory. The basic structures and some functional analytic properties of JB*-triples are also discussed. The book is a convenient reference for experts in complex geometry or functional analysis, as well as an introduction to these areas for beginning researchers. The recent applications of Jordan theory discussed in the book should also appeal to algebraists.

Fourier Integrals in Classical Analysis
Fourier Integrals in Classical Analysis

Author: Christopher D. Sogge

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2017-04-27

Total Pages: 349

ISBN-13: 110823433X

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This advanced monograph is concerned with modern treatments of central problems in harmonic analysis. The main theme of the book is the interplay between ideas used to study the propagation of singularities for the wave equation and their counterparts in classical analysis. In particular, the author uses microlocal analysis to study problems involving maximal functions and Riesz means using the so-called half-wave operator. To keep the treatment self-contained, the author begins with a rapid review of Fourier analysis and also develops the necessary tools from microlocal analysis. This second edition includes two new chapters. The first presents Hörmander's propagation of singularities theorem and uses this to prove the Duistermaat–Guillemin theorem. The second concerns newer results related to the Kakeya conjecture, including the maximal Kakeya estimates obtained by Bourgain and Wolff.

Rigidity in Higher Rank Abelian Group Actions: Volume 1, Introduction and Cocycle Problem
Rigidity in Higher Rank Abelian Group Actions: Volume 1, Introduction and Cocycle Problem

Author: Anatole Katok

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2011-06-16

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 1139496867

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This self-contained monograph presents rigidity theory for a large class of dynamical systems, differentiable higher rank hyperbolic and partially hyperbolic actions. This first volume describes the subject in detail and develops the principal methods presently used in various aspects of the rigidity theory. Part I serves as an exposition and preparation, including a large collection of examples that are difficult to find in the existing literature. Part II focuses on cocycle rigidity, which serves as a model for rigidity phenomena as well as a useful tool for studying them. The book is an ideal reference for applied mathematicians and scientists working in dynamical systems and a useful introduction for graduate students interested in entering the field. Its wealth of examples also makes it excellent supplementary reading for any introductory course in dynamical systems.

Non-homogeneous Random Walks
Non-homogeneous Random Walks

Author: Mikhail Menshikov

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2016-12-22

Total Pages: 385

ISBN-13: 1316867366

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Stochastic systems provide powerful abstract models for a variety of important real-life applications: for example, power supply, traffic flow, data transmission. They (and the real systems they model) are often subject to phase transitions, behaving in one way when a parameter is below a certain critical value, then switching behaviour as soon as that critical value is reached. In a real system, we do not necessarily have control over all the parameter values, so it is important to know how to find critical points and to understand system behaviour near these points. This book is a modern presentation of the 'semimartingale' or 'Lyapunov function' method applied to near-critical stochastic systems, exemplified by non-homogeneous random walks. Applications treat near-critical stochastic systems and range across modern probability theory from stochastic billiards models to interacting particle systems. Spatially non-homogeneous random walks are explored in depth, as they provide prototypical near-critical systems.

Normal Approximations with Malliavin Calculus
Normal Approximations with Malliavin Calculus

Author: Ivan Nourdin

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2012-05-10

Total Pages: 255

ISBN-13: 1107017777

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This book shows how quantitative central limit theorems can be deduced by combining two powerful probabilistic techniques: Stein's method and Malliavin calculus.