A Distance-based Method to Estimate Annual Pedestrian and Bicyclist Exposure in an Urban Environment
A Distance-based Method to Estimate Annual Pedestrian and Bicyclist Exposure in an Urban Environment

Author: John A. Molino

Publisher:

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 86

ISBN-13:

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Currently, there is no commonly accepted or adopted measure of pedestrian and bicyclist exposure. This report presents a methodology for measuring a region's pedestrian and bicyclist exposure, which is defined as 100 million pedestrian/bicyclist mi (161 million pedestrian/bicyclist km) of roadway (or other motor vehicle shared facility) traveled. A method for implementing the exposure measure is described for various shared facility types that are characteristic to the urban environment of Washington, DC. These facilities include three types of intersections (signalized, stop-controlled (all-way), and partially stop-controlled) as well as midblock road segments, driveways, alleys, parking lots, parking garages, school areas, and areas with playing/dashing/working in the roadway. A pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of the method at seven sites in Washington, DC, in 2006. In 2007, the methodology was implemented on a larger scale to estimate the annual pedestrian and bicyclist exposure in Washington, DC, which was 0.80 hundred million mi (1.29 hundred million km) for pedestrian exposure and 0.37 hundred million mi (0.59 hundred million km) for bicyclist exposure. As a result of simplifications in the present data aggregation technique, these particular exposure values are overestimated. However, procedural changes are suggested to correct this issue. Within the constraints of this study, both the feasibility and scalability of the methodology were successfully demonstrated for a relatively large urban environment. The results indicate that the methodology has the potential to be used to collect exposure data that are not currently readily available to the pedestrian and bicycle safety community. Although further refinement and validation are still needed, the methodology provides a possible initial foundation to develop a national unit of exposure for pedestrians and bicyclists.

Guidebook on Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection
Guidebook on Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection

Author: Paul Ryus

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 9780309308267

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"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 797: Guidebook on Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection describes methods and technologies for counting pedestrians and bicyclists, offers guidance on developing a non-motorized count program, gives suggestions on selecting appropriate counting methods and technologies, and provides examples of how organizations have used non-motorized count data to better fulfill their missions. To review the research methods used to develop the guidebook, refer to NCHRP Web-Only Document 205: Methods and Technologies for Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection."--Publisher's description.

Evaluation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Exposure and Crash Risk at Signalized Intersections in San Diego
Evaluation of Pedestrian and Bicycle Exposure and Crash Risk at Signalized Intersections in San Diego

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 58

ISBN-13:

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Over the last decade, demand for active transportation modes such as walking and cycling has increased. While it is desirable to provide high levels of safety for these eco-friendly modes of travel, unfortunately, the overall percentage of pedestrian and bicycle fatalities, increased from 13% to 18% of total road crash fatalities in the last decade. In San Diego County, although the total number of pedestrian and cyclist fatalities decreased over the same period of time, a similar trend with a more drastic change is observed; the overall percentage of pedestrian and bicycle fatalities increased from 19.5% to 31.8%. Technological advancement in transportation has been creating new opportunities to explore and investigate new sources of data for the purpose of improving safety planning. This study aims to identify signalized intersections with the highest risk for walking and cycling within the City of San Diego, California, USA. Multiple data sources such as permanent pedestrian and bicycle counters, video cameras, and crash data were utilized. Data mining techniques and a new sampling strategy were adopted to demonstrate a holistic approach that can be applied to identify facilities with the highest need for improvement. Cluster analysis coupled with stratification was employed to select a representative sample of intersections for data collection and estimate annual average daily pedestrian and bicyclist (AADP and AADB). Additionally, the study quantified risk incorporating injury severity levels, the frequency of victims, distance crossed, and exposure into a single equation. It was found that not all intersections with the highest number of pedestrian and bicyclist victims were identified as high-risk after exposure and other factors such as crash severity were taken into account.

International Encyclopedia of Transportation
International Encyclopedia of Transportation

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2021-05-13

Total Pages: 4418

ISBN-13: 0081026722

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In an increasingly globalised world, despite reductions in costs and time, transportation has become even more important as a facilitator of economic and human interaction; this is reflected in technical advances in transportation systems, increasing interest in how transportation interacts with society and the need to provide novel approaches to understanding its impacts. This has become particularly acute with the impact that Covid-19 has had on transportation across the world, at local, national and international levels. Encyclopedia of Transportation, Seven Volume Set - containing almost 600 articles - brings a cross-cutting and integrated approach to all aspects of transportation from a variety of interdisciplinary fields including engineering, operations research, economics, geography and sociology in order to understand the changes taking place. Emphasising the interaction between these different aspects of research, it offers new solutions to modern-day problems related to transportation. Each of its nine sections is based around familiar themes, but brings together the views of experts from different disciplinary perspectives. Each section is edited by a subject expert who has commissioned articles from a range of authors representing different disciplines, different parts of the world and different social perspectives. The nine sections are structured around the following themes: Transport Modes; Freight Transport and Logistics; Transport Safety and Security; Transport Economics; Traffic Management; Transport Modelling and Data Management; Transport Policy and Planning; Transport Psychology; Sustainability and Health Issues in Transportation. Some articles provide a technical introduction to a topic whilst others provide a bridge between topics or a more future-oriented view of new research areas or challenges. The end result is a reference work that offers researchers and practitioners new approaches, new ways of thinking and novel solutions to problems. All-encompassing and expertly authored, this outstanding reference work will be essential reading for all students and researchers interested in transportation and its global impact in what is a very uncertain world. Provides a forward looking and integrated approach to transportation Updated with future technological impacts, such as self-driving vehicles, cyber-physical systems and big data analytics Includes comprehensive coverage Presents a worldwide approach, including sets of comparative studies and applications

Roundabouts
Roundabouts

Author: Lee August Rodegerdts

Publisher: Transportation Research Board

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 407

ISBN-13: 0309155118

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TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide - Second Edition explores the planning, design, construction, maintenance, and operation of roundabouts. The report also addresses issues that may be useful in helping to explain the trade-offs associated with roundabouts. This report updates the U.S. Federal Highway Administration's Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, based on experience gained in the United States since that guide was published in 2000.

Urban Bikeway Design Guide, Second Edition
Urban Bikeway Design Guide, Second Edition

Author: National Association of City Transportation Officials

Publisher: Island Press

Published: 2014-03-24

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 1610915658

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NACTO's Urban Bikeway Design Guide quickly emerged as the preeminent resource for designing safe, protected bikeways in cities across the United States. It has been completely re-designed with an even more accessible layout. The Guide offers updated graphic profiles for all of its bicycle facilities, a subsection on bicycle boulevard planning and design, and a survey of materials used for green color in bikeways. The Guide continues to build upon the fast-changing state of the practice at the local level. It responds to and accelerates innovative street design and practice around the nation.