The Tower of Pisa

The Tower of Pisa

Author: J.B. Burland

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2020-08-26

Total Pages: 63

ISBN-13: 1000164586

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Leaning Tower of Pisa is known worldwide for its five-degree lean. The Tower is the Campanile of the Cathedral, which together with the Baptistry and Cemetery form a breath-taking collection of monuments which are regarded as supreme examples of early Renaissance Romanesque architecture. In March 1990 the Tower was closed to the public as it was declared unsafe and close to collapse. A Commission was set up by the Italian Government with the task of developing and implementing stabilization measures. This book begins with a brief description of the history of the Tower and its construction. The reader is then introduced to the huge challenges faced by the Commission in designing and implementing appropriate stabilization measures whilst at the same time satisfying the demanding requirements of conserving a world heritage monument. In particular, two historical studies are described which proved to be most valuable in arriving at suitable stabilization measures. The first was a deduction of the history of inclination of the tower during and subsequent to construction. The results of this study were used to calibrate a sophisticated numerical model of the tower and the underlying very soft ground which proved vital in evaluating the effectiveness of various stabilization schemes. The second study was of measurements of movement made since 1911. This latter study revealed an unexpected mechanism of foundation movement which proved crucial in developing the temporary and permanent stabilization measures and which resulted in the Tower being re-opened to the public in June 2001. The book will appeal to both professionals and students in the fields of Architecture and Civil Engineering. It will also interest specialised audiences of geotechnical engineers and conservation architects. It may also be of wider interest to anyone planning to visit Pisa or who is intrigued as to what caused the Tower to lean and how it was stabilized.


Tilt

Tilt

Author: Nicholas Shrady

Publisher: Pocket Books

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 161

ISBN-13: 9780743450690

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In this unconventional biography, the author recounts the tower's rich history, from its abortive beginnings in 1173 through to its ongoing stabilization today, and examines the various symbolisms that have projected on it throughout the ages.


20 Fun Facts About the Leaning Tower of Pisa

20 Fun Facts About the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Author: Emily Mahoney

Publisher: Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP

Published: 2019-07-15

Total Pages: 34

ISBN-13: 1538237857

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The Leaning Tower of Pisa is famous for doing something that all buildings should be built to do: stay up. Readers learn about the tower, why it leans, why it was built, and how to visit and enjoy it through this engagingly fun text. Present-day and historical photographs help draw readers in, and the fun fact format gives young readers an accessible way to learn about this Italian architectural blunder, which is also viewed as a masterpiece for its time.


Engineering the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Engineering the Leaning Tower of Pisa

Author: Adam Furgang

Publisher: Core Library

Published: 2018

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13: 9781532113734

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

This book introduces readers to the tower's history, examines why the tilt developed in the first place, and discusses the methods that have been used to stabilize the tower and keep it safe for visitors.


A Brief History of Time

A Brief History of Time

Author: Stephen Hawking

Publisher: Bantam

Published: 2011-05-04

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 055389692X

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

#1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER A landmark volume in science writing by one of the great minds of our time, Stephen Hawking’s book explores such profound questions as: How did the universe begin—and what made its start possible? Does time always flow forward? Is the universe unending—or are there boundaries? Are there other dimensions in space? What will happen when it all ends? Told in language we all can understand, A Brief History of Time plunges into the exotic realms of black holes and quarks, of antimatter and “arrows of time,” of the big bang and a bigger God—where the possibilities are wondrous and unexpected. With exciting images and profound imagination, Stephen Hawking brings us closer to the ultimate secrets at the very heart of creation.


Galileo's Leaning Tower Experiment

Galileo's Leaning Tower Experiment

Author: Wendy MacDonald

Publisher: Charlesbridge

Published: 2009-02-01

Total Pages: 34

ISBN-13: 1607341271

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In Italy, 1589, Massimo drops lunch to his uncle from a bridge, so the food falls into his uncle's boat. One day, Galileo notices that the bread and wheel of cheese land in the boat at the same time. But Aristotle had said that heavy things fall at a faster rate than light ones. Will Galileo and Massimo be able to prove Aristotle's theory wrong?


The Illustrated A Brief History of Time

The Illustrated A Brief History of Time

Author: Stephen Hawking

Publisher: Bantam

Published: 1996-10-01

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 0553103741

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

In the years since its publication in 1988, Stephen Hawking's A Brief History Of Time has established itself as a landmark volume in scientific writing. It has become an international publishing phenomenon, translated into forty languages and selling over nine million copies. The book was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the nature of the universe, but since that time there have been extraordinary advances in the technology of macrocosmic worlds. These observations have confirmed many of Professor Hawkin's theoretical predictions in the first edition of his book, including the recent discoveries of the Cosmic Background Explorer satellite (COBE), which probed back in time to within 300,000 years of the fabric of space-time that he had projected. Eager to bring to his original text the new knowledge revealed by these many observations, as well as his recent research, for this expanded edition Professor Hawking has prepared a new introduction to the book, written an entirely new chapter on the fascinating subject of wormholes and time travel, and updated the original chapters. In addition, to heighten understanding of complex concepts that readers may have found difficult to grasp despite the clarity and wit of Professor Hawking's writing, this edition is enhanced throughout with more than 240 full-color illustrations, including satellite images, photographs made made possible by spectacular technological advance such as the Hubble Space Telescope, and computer generated images of three and four-dimensional realities. Detailed captions clarify these illustrations, enable readers to experience the vastness of intergalactic space, the nature of black holes, and the microcosmic world of particle physics in which matters and antimatter collide. A classic work that now brings to the reader the latest understanding of cosmology, A Brief History Of Time is the story of the ongoing search for t he tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space.


The Leaning Tower of Pisa

The Leaning Tower of Pisa

Author: Nicole Orr

Publisher: Purple Toad Publishing

Published: 2019-06

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13: 9781624693472

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

"Would you be surprised to find out that the Leaning Tower of Pisa wasn't supposed to lean? It started to lean while it was being built. Find out why the tower leans, as well as some of the crazy ideas people had for fixing it!"--Publisher's description.