This book discusses the 3D printing of sensors, actuators, and antennas and illustrates how manufacturers can create smart materials that can be effectively used to prepare low-cost products. The book also includes how to select the appropriate process for your manufacturing needs. 3D Printing of Sensors, Actuators, and Antennas for Low-Cost Product Manufacturing offers the most recent developments in 3D printing of sensors, actuators, and antennas for low-cost product manufacturing; the book highlights some of the commercially available low-cost 3D printing processes that have higher efficiency and accuracy. Fundamental principles and working methodologies are presented with a critical review of the past work involved and current trends with future predictions. It covers composite and polymeric materials widely used and specifically focuses on low-cost elements. Recent breakthroughs and advantages in product manufacturing when printing smart materials are also discussed. Manufacturing engineers, product designers, manufacturing industries, as well as graduate students, and research scholars will find this book very useful for their work and studies.
This book discusses the 3D printing of sensors, actuators, and antennas and illustrates how manufacturers can create smart materials that can be effectively used to prepare low-cost products. The book also includes how to select the appropriate process for your manufacturing needs. 3D Printing of Sensors, Actuators, and Antennas for Low-Cost Product Manufacturing offers the most recent developments in 3D printing of sensors, actuators, and antennas for low-cost product manufacturing; the book highlights some of the commercially available low-cost 3D printing processes that have higher efficiency and accuracy. Fundamental principles and working methodologies are presented with a critical review of the past work involved and current trends with future predictions. It covers composite and polymeric materials widely used and specifically focuses on low-cost elements. Recent breakthroughs and advantages in product manufacturing when printing smart materials are also discussed. Manufacturing engineers, product designers, manufacturing industries, as well as graduate students, and research scholars will find this book very useful for their work and studies.
The book provides a detailed methodology for addressing the needs of material processing (polymer/ metals/ bio-gels etc.) and various engineering applications in the next 5-10 years. The book presents a detailed mechanical, morphological, thermal, and rheological characterization of selected materials and highilights the required environmental standards to be maintained.
Different additive manufacturing (AM) methods including fused deposition modeling (FDM) and piezoelectrical drop on demand (DOD) inkjet printing have been used in printed electronics for easy production, easy integration, better performance, and low cost. These methods have been used in producing everyday smart printed electronics such as conformal antennas (planner and non-planar antennas), sensors, actuators, and solar cells created on flexible and rigid substrates. The performance of printed electronics strongly depends on printing techniques and printing resolution that enhance their electrical and mechanical properties. In this dissertation, 3D and surface printing techniques were used to enhance the performance of printed electronics devices fabricated on rigid and flexible substrates. First, fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique was used to study the effect of 3D printed heterogeneous substrates on radio frequency response of microstrip patch antennas. Microstrip patch antennas created on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) substrates that were designed by 3D CAD design software (SOLIDWORKS) with dimension 50mm x 50mm x 5mm and fabricated with different machine infill densities 25%, 50%, and 75% using FDM 3D printer. Then, 3D X-ray microscope was used to measure the actual volume fraction and construct equivalent simulations for series and parallel equivalent dielectrics constant. The patch antennas were tested for resonant frequency using a vector network analyzer (VNA) combined with ANSYS-HFSS simulation that was developed based on the permittivity anisotropy in 3D printed heterogeneous substrates to estimate the bulk permittivity of ABS material and study the effect of varying the dielectric constant in lateral and thickness direction. Also, microstrip patch antenna with dimension 30mm x 25mm, was modeled on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate with the same dimension of ABS substrate and analyzed for resonant frequency using Ansoft HFSS and COMSOL Multiphysics software. Then, COMSOL Multi-physics software was used to study the behavior of the microstrip patch antenna under different values of compression and bending loads to check the feasibility of using the microstrip patch antenna as a passive sensor to detect the strain in the structure wirelessly. Second, piezoelectrical drop on demand (DOD) inkjet printing was used to print uniform and even high conductive nanosilver ink on rigid and flexible substrates. For surface printing, Jetlab 4xl was used to print lines of high conductive nanosilver ink (UTDAg) on semicrystalline polyether ether ketone (PEEK) substrate using fly mode printing with burst. Then, optimal bipolar waveform was generated at proper jetting parameters to generate ideal droplet in term of velocity, size, and uniformity. The ideal droplet was ejected at different drop spacing and stage velocity to print uniform and even lines. Physical and adhesion characteristics of the printed lines were performed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, surface profilometry, and soak tests. Also, the effect of high stage velocity printing on the spread behavior of ejected droplet with different droplet spacing on Kapton substrate was studied by printing lines using two bipolar waveforms. The resistance of printed lines were measured at different curing temperature. Finally, the effect of driving waveforms at different jetting parameters on the size and velocity of generated droplet was investigated using smartink (nanosilver ink) produced by Genes'Ink. A new method was developed to measure the size of the generated droplet and recognize weather the droplet has a spherical or an elliptical shape by using Python programming and the result compared with Aphelion imaging software. Finally, lines printed at three waveform voltages on PEEK and glass substrates.
The book, which is part of a two-volume handbook set, presents a collection of recent advances in the field of industrial engineering, design, and related technologies. It includes state-of-the-art research conducted in the fields of Industry 4.0/5.0, smart systems/industries, robotics and automation, automobile engineering, thermal and fluid engineering, and its implementation. Manufacturing Technologies and Production Systems: Principles and Practices offers a comprehensive description of the developments in industrial engineering primarily focusing on industrial design, automotive engineering, construction and structural engineering, thermo-fluid mechanics, and interdisciplinary domains. The book captures emerging areas of materials science and advanced manufacturing engineering and presents the most recent trends in research for emerging researchers, field engineers, and academic professionals.
This book, which is part of a two-volume handbook set, gives a comprehensive description of recent developments in materials science and manufacturing technology, aiming primarily at its applications in biomedical science, advanced engineering materials, conventional/non-conventional manufacturing techniques, sustainable engineering design, and related domains. Manufacturing Engineering and Materials Science: Tools and Applications provides state-of-the-art research conducted in the fields of technological advancements in surface engineering, tribology, additive manufacturing, precision manufacturing, electromechanical systems, and computer-assisted design and manufacturing. The book captures emerging areas of materials science and advanced manufacturing engineering and presents the most recent trends in research for emerging researchers, field engineers, and academic professionals.
This handbook provides an insight into the advancements in surface engineering methods, addressing the microstructural features, properties, mechanisms of surface degradation failures, and tribological performance of the components. Emphasis is placed on the use of laser cladding methods because they make it simple to deposit new classes of materials such nano-composites, nanotubes, and smart materials. Handbook of Laser-Based Sustainable Surface Modification and Manufacturing Techniques discusses the main mechanism behind the surface degradation of structural components in strenuous environments. It highlights the capacity of laser cladding to operate on a wide range of substrate materials and shapes as well as presents how laser cladding can offer new possibilities in the reconditioning of components and how, in many cases, these approaches are the only solution for economic efficiency. The handbook illustrates how the type of laser, laser optics, and the parameters of the process can be efficiently selected, and thus the number of applications of laser cladding and its applications can be increased. The standard methods of testing used for various types of biomedical devices and tools, as well as the advantages of combining laser cladding with simultaneous induction heating, are described as well within this handbook. Features: Discusses the role of claddings fabricated with laser technique to withstand wear and corrosion Highlights the role of laser in the manufacturing of alloys and recent advancements in laser based additive manufacturing processes Presents the possibilities, applications and challenges in laser surfacing Illustrates the post-treatments of powders and coatings and case studies related to laser surface technology Offers the standard methods of testing applied to various types of biomedical devices and tools Goes over the advantages of combining laser cladding with simultaneous induction heating The technical outcomes of these surface engineering methods are helpful for academics, students, and professionals who are working in this field, as this enlightens their understanding of the performance of these latest processes. The audience is broad and multidisciplinary.
This book presents innovative breakthroughs in operational excellence that can solve the operational issues of smart factories. It illustrates various tools and techniques of Lean Six Sigma 4.0 and details their suitability for manufacturing and service systems. Lean Six Sigma 4.0 for Operational Excellence Under the Industry 4.0 Transformation provides technological advancement in operational excellence and offers a framework to integrate Lean Six Sigma and Industry 4.0. The book is a guide to dealing with new operational challenges and explains how to use Industrial IoT, Sensors, and AI to collect real-time data on the shop floor. While focusing on developing a toolset for Lean Six Sigma 4.0, this book also presents the enabling factors to adopt Lean Six Sigma 4.0 in the manufacturing and service sectors. The book will help industrial managers, practitioners, and researchers on the path of process improvement in modern-day industries.
Additive manufacturing, also called rapid prototyping or 3D printing is a disruptive manufacturing technique with a significant impact in electronics. With 3D printing, bulk objects with circuitry are embedded in the volume of an element or conformally coated on the surface of existing parts, allowing design and manufacturing of smaller and lighter products with fast customisation. The book covers both materials selection and techniques. The scope also covers the research areas of additive manufacturing of passive and active components, sensors, energy storage, bioelectronics and more.
Technology has created innovative new prospects for manufacturing industries with Industry 4.0 and has helped further the growth of the manufacturing sector. This book focuses on the next stage, which is Industry 5.0, and the steps in taking automation to that next level by increasing processes and operational efficiency, as well as reducing workforce size. Industry 5.0: The Future of the Industrial Economy discusses the integration of product, process, machine, software, and industrial robots in realizing Industry 5.0. It covers the dual integration of human intelligence with machine intelligence and reviews the results of making use of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The creation of a new category of robots named Collaborative Robots (Cobots) specifically designed to speed up the manufacturing process and profitability is explored. This book also explores how to reduce waste in product design through the manufacturing process and offers more personalized and customized products for customers. Manufacturing, design, industrial, and mechanical engineers, as well as practicing professionals, will find this book of interest. Management executives, CIOs, CEOs, IT professionals, and academics will also find something of value in this book that takes Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 and beyond.
