Successful Approaches to Recycling Urban Wood Waste
Successful Approaches to Recycling Urban Wood Waste

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 24

ISBN-13:

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This report presents eight case studies of successful urban wood waste recycling projects and businesses. These studies document the success of recovered products such as lumber and lumber products, mulch, boiler fuel, and alternative cover for landfills. Overall, wood waste accounts for about 17% of the total waste received at municipal solid waste landfills in the United States. In 1998, the amount of urban wood waste generated was more than 160 million tons, with 29.6 million tons available for recovery. Similarly, in 1998, new construction in the United States generated 8.7 million tons of wood waste, with 6.6 million tons available for recovery; demolition waste generated 26.4 million tons of wood waste, with 9 million tons available for recovery. The case studies were selected on the basis of the following criteria: an emphasis on partnerships among communities, businesses, governments, and non-governmental organizations; efficient use of funds; sustained creation of enterprise; and a high benefit/cost ratio.

Materials Recycling
Materials Recycling

Author: William U. Chandler

Publisher:

Published: 1983

Total Pages: 62

ISBN-13:

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This report focuses on the necessity and advantages of recycling. Following an introduction, the report is divided into five sections, addressing respectively: the necessity of recycling; waste paper recycling; aluminum recycling; iron and steel recycling; and three steps to a "recycling society." These steps include: (1) requiring that consumers pay full costs of materials they use and requiring efforts to reduce energy price subsidies; (2) building world markets for scrap paper, aluminum, and iron/steel; and (3) efforts to insure greater collection of wastes. Incentives, information, or the threat of fines and non-collection of garbage are suggested as ways to implement the latter step, one which would also reduce environmental subsidies, promote international scrap trade, and soften the impact of higher energy prices. Potential for recycling, recycling trends, and special technical and political circumstances are among the topics discussed in the sections on the recycling of waste paper, aluminum, and iron/steel. (JN)

Materials and Joints in Timber Structures
Materials and Joints in Timber Structures

Author: Simon Aicher

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-09-25

Total Pages: 815

ISBN-13: 9400778112

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This book contains the contributions from the RILEM International Symposium on Materials and Joints in Timber Structures that was held in Stuttgart, Germany from October 8 to 10, 2013. It covers recent developments in the materials and the joints used in modern timber structures. Regarding basic wooden materials, the contributions highlight the widened spectrum of products comprising cross-laminated timber, glulam and LVL from hardwoods and block glued elements. Timber concrete compounds, cement bonded wood composites and innovative light-weight constructions represent increasingly employed alternatives for floors, bridges and facades. With regard to jointing technologies, considerable advances in both mechanical connections and glued joints are presented. Self-tapping screws have created unprecedented options for reliable, strong as well as ductile joints and reinforcement technologies. Regarding adhesives, which constitute the basis of the jointing/laminating technology of modern timber products, extended options for tailor-made bonding solutions have to be stated. Apart from melamine-urea and phenolic-resorcinol adhesives, one-component-polyurethanes, emulsion isocyanate polymers and epoxies offer a wide range of possibilities. The contributions dealing with experimental and numerical investigations on static, cyclic and seismic behavior of structures clearly reveal the enhanced potential of modern timber construction for reliable and sustainable buildings and bridges of the new millennium. The book is structured in nine thematic areas, being I) Structures II) Mechanical Connections III) Glued Joints and Adhesives IV) Timber and Concrete/Cement/Polymer Composites V) Cyclic, Seismic Behavior VI) Hardwood, Modified Wood and Bamboo VII) Cross-Laminated Timber VIII) Properties and Testing of Wood IX) Glulam