Conversion of Military R&D

Conversion of Military R&D

Author: Joseph Rotblat

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-07-27

Total Pages: 298

ISBN-13: 1349148865

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The book describes the scale, benefits and costs of military research and development. It discusses the process of converting military R&D to civilian applications, and examines specific opportunities for, and obstacles to, conversion in the USA, Russia, France, Germany, and the UK. Among a number of case studies, senior scientists from US and Russian nuclear weapons laboratories debate the futures for these massive complexes. Looking to the future, the dual military/civilian nature of technology is discussed.


Ifta' and Fatwa in the Muslim World and the West

Ifta' and Fatwa in the Muslim World and the West

Author: Zulfiqar Ali Shah

Publisher: IIIT

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 204

ISBN-13: 1565644832

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During the formative classical period of Islamic jurisprudence, wellknown scholars possessed not only the intellectual skills required for analytic reasoning, but also a broad general knowledge of the fi elds relevant to the cultural contexts in which they issued their edicts. A viable fatwa requires knowledge of the Shari‘ah as well as local customs, cultural realities, individual and communal implications, and related matters. The original juristic tradition was formulated and fi xed during the fi rst three Islamic centuries, a time of widespread sociopolitical turmoil. Of course, the jurists’ legal outlooks and thinking processes could not have escaped this reality. While Muslims of the prophetic and rāshidūn periods adhered closely to the authentic texts due to their sincerity, piety, prophetic training, and proximity to the revelation, the changing environment in which their descendants functioned gradually started to impact how the authentic texts were understood, interpreted, paraphrased, and implemented. Both the Muslim and the non-Muslim worlds have drastically changed since that time. The new geopolitical and scientifi c realities of our rapidly changing world demand a fresh look at some aspects of the established juristic tradition. The way forward involves a systematic fresh look at and reevaluation of the old fatwas, as well as the issuance of new ones with a maqāsidī outlook that can deal successfully with today’s ever-changing global realities. In this edited volume, papers on fatwa and iftā’ point to an approach that is both rooted in the Islamic legacy and committed to meeting the challenges of the modern world.


Organized and Corporate Crime in Europe

Organized and Corporate Crime in Europe

Author: Vincenzo Ruggiero

Publisher: Dartmouth Publishing Group

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 208

ISBN-13:

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An attempt to provide a joint analysis of white collar, corporate and organized crime, focusing on specific cases occurring in Europe. The work presents case studies which are based on the attempt to identify qualitative similarities rather than to sensationalize various episodes.


The Trial of Julian Assange

The Trial of Julian Assange

Author: Nils Melzer

Publisher: Verso Books

Published: 2022-02-08

Total Pages: 369

ISBN-13: 1839766255

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The shocking story of the legal persecution of Wikileaks founder Julian Assange and the dangerous implications for the whistleblowers of the future. In July 2010, Wikileaks published Cablegate, one of the biggest leaks in the history of the US military, including evidence for war crimes and torture. In the aftermath Julian Assange, the founder and spokesman of Wikileaks, found himself at the center of a media storm, accused of hacking and later sexual assault. He spent the next seven years in asylum in the Ecuadorian embassy in London, fearful that he would be extradited to Sweden to face the accusations of assault and then sent to US. In 2019, Assange was handed over to the British police and, on the same day, the U.S. demanded his extradition. They threatened him with up to 175 years in prison for alleged espionage and computer fraud. At this point, Nils Melzer, UN Special Rapporteur on Torture, started his investigation into how the US and UK governments were working together to ensure a conviction. His findings are explosive, revealing that Assange has faced grave and systematic due process violations, judicial bias, collusion and manipulated evidence. He has been the victim of constant surveillance, defamation and threats. Melzer also gathered together consolidated medical evidence that proves that Assange has suffered prolonged psychological torture. Melzer’s compelling investigation puts the UK and US state into the dock, showing how, through secrecy, impunity and, crucially, public indifference, unchecked power reveals a deeply undemocratic system. Furthermore, the Assange case sets a dangerous precedent: once telling the truth becomes a crime, censorship and tyranny will inevitably follow. The Trial of Julian Assange is told in three parts: the first explores Nils Melzer’s own story about how he became involved in the case and why Assange’s case falls under his mandate as the Special Rapporteur on Torture. The second section returns to 2010 when Wikileaks released the largest leak in the history of the U.S. military, exposing war crimes and corruption, and Nils makes the case that Swedish authorities manipulated charges against Assange to force his extradition to the US and publicly discredit him. In the third section, the author returns to 2019 and picks up the case as Ecuador kicks Assange out of the embassy and lays out the case as it currently stands, as well as the stakes involved for other potential whistleblowers trying to serve the public interest.