Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics

Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics

Author: T. Miyahara

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2012-12-02

Total Pages: 590

ISBN-13: 0444597190

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These volumes contain 365 of the 505 papers presented at the VUV-11 Conference, held at Rikkyo University, Tokyo, from August 27th to September 1st 1995. The papers are divided into three sections: atomic and molecular spectroscopy, solid state spectroscopy and instrumentation and technological applications. New aspects presented were both quantitative and qualitative improvements in fluorescence spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism measurements. The fluorescence data are complementary to those of photoemission in a sense but they appear to open up a new method to analyze the optical excitation and relaxation processes. The application of magnetic circular dichroism has proved to be useful not only in analyzing the electronic structures of magnetic materials but also in practical applications to material engineering as found in experiments combined with photoelectron microscopy. Excellent developments in applications are only found in the field of surface photochemistry, where the technique of etching using VUV light has been appreciably refined. Although the majority of distinctive scientific features in the VUV-11 Conference have been brought about by the application of synchrotron radiation, experiments using a different type of light source appear to have progressed steadily. This is evident in the studies of plasma radiation.


Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics

Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics

Author: T. Miyahara

Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 1748

ISBN-13: 9780444822451

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These volumes contain 365 of the 505 papers presented at the VUV-11 Conference. The papers are divided into three sections: Atomic and molecular spectroscopy.- Solid state spectroscopy and instrumentation.- Technological applications. New aspects presented were both quantitative and qualitative improvements in fluorescence spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism measurements.


Possible Scenarios for Homochirality on Earth

Possible Scenarios for Homochirality on Earth

Author: Michiya Fujiki

Publisher:

Published: 2019

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 9783039217236

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In 1978, Fred Hoyle proposed that interstellar comets carrying several viruses landed on Earth as part of the panspermia hypotheses. With respect to life, the origin of homochirality on Earth has been the greatest mystery because life cannot exist without molecular asymmetry. Many scientists have proposed several possible hypotheses to answer this long-standing L-D question. Previously, Martin Gardner raised the question about mirror symmetry and broken mirror symmetry in terms of the homochirality question in his monographs (1964 and 1990). Possible scenarios for the L-D issue can be categorized into (i) Earth and exoterrestrial origins, (ii) by-chance and necessity mechanisms, and (iii) mirror-symmetrical and non-mirror-symmetrical forces as physical and chemical origins. These scenarios should involve further great amplification mechanisms, enabling a pure L- or D-world.


Young Sun, Early Earth and the Origins of Life

Young Sun, Early Earth and the Origins of Life

Author: Muriel Gargaud

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-01-11

Total Pages: 303

ISBN-13: 3642225527

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- How did the Sun come into existence? - How was the Earth formed? - How long has Earth been the way it is now, with its combination of oceans and continents? - How do you define “life”? - How did the first life forms emerge? - What conditions made it possible for living things to evolve? All these questions are answered in this colourful textbook addressing undergraduate students in "Origins of Life" courses and the scientifically interested public. The authors take the reader on an amazing voyage through time, beginning five thousand million years ago in a cloud of interstellar dust and ending five hundred million years ago, when the living world that we see today was finally formed. A chapter on exoplanets provides an overview of the search for planets outside the solar system, especially for habitable ones. The appendix closes the book with a glossary, a bibliography of further readings and a summary of the Origins of the Earth and life in fourteen boxes.


The Physics of Quantum Fields

The Physics of Quantum Fields

Author: Michael Stone

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 285

ISBN-13: 1461205077

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A gentle introduction to the physics of quantized fields and many-body physics. Based on courses taught at the University of Illinois, it concentrates on the basic conceptual issues that many students find difficult, and emphasizes the physical and visualizable aspects of the subject. While the text is intended for students with a wide range of interests, many of the examples are drawn from condensed matter physics because of the tangible character of such systems. The first part of the book uses the Hamiltonian operator language of traditional quantum mechanics to treat simple field theories and related topics, while the Feynman path integral is introduced in the second half where it is seen as indispensable for understanding the connection between renormalization and critical as well as non-perturbative phenomena.


Novel Superconductivity

Novel Superconductivity

Author: Stuart A. Wolf

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 1086

ISBN-13: 1461319374

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The Novel Mechanisms of Superconductivity Conference was initially conceived in the early part of 1986 as a small, 2-1/2 day workshop of 40-70 scientists, both theorists and experimentalists interested in exploring the possible evidence for exotic, non phononic superconductivity. Of course, the historic discoveries of high temperature oxide superconductors by Bednorz and Mftller and the subsequent enhancements by the Houston/Alabama groups made such a small conference impractical. The conference necessarily had to expand, 2-1/2 days became 4-1/2 days and superconductivity in the high Tc oxides became the largest single topic in the workshop. In fact, this conference became the first major conference on this topic and thus, these proceedings are also the first maj or publication. However, heavy fermion, organic and low carrier concentration superconductors remained a very important part of this workshop and articles by the leaders in these fields are included in these proceedings. Ultimately the workshop hosted rearly 400 scientists, students and media including representatives from the maj or research groups in the U.S., Europe, Japan and the Soviet Union.


Magneto-Optical Imaging

Magneto-Optical Imaging

Author: Tom H. Johansen

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2004-05-31

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 9781402019982

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Magneto-Optical Imaging has developed rapidly over the last decade to emerge as a leading technique to directly visualise the static and dynamic magnetic behaviour of materials, capable of following magnetic processes on the scale of centimeters to sub-microns and at timescales from hours to nanoseconds. The images are direct, real-time, and give space-resolved information, such as ultrafast magnetic processes and revealing the motion of individual vortices in superconductors. The book is a fully up-to-date report of the present status of the technique.