The Varanger Saami is a narrative of 700 years of history of a small group of Saami (Lapps) who live near the base of the Varangerfjord in north-east Norway. Dramatic social and economic changes occurred in this area during this period. Once targeted for taxation by Norway, Sweden, and Russia, the Varanger Saami became part of the kingdom of Norway in 1613. Once exclusively hunters and fisherman, the Saami splintered in the 18th century into two groups: the majority turned to cattle raising and commercialized fishing while a minority became full-time reindeer pastoralists. Habitation patterns also underwent radical change, from large camps in the middle ages to increasingly nuclear settlement patterns in the 17th century. Knut Odner attributes this process of dynamic change to the ideology of self-reliance among the Saami.
Presents descriptions and interpretations of the sedimentary sequences of Varanger Peninsula, Finnmark, north Norway, together with information on tectonic deformation and metamorphism.
A concentrated review of the time scales used in geology in order to date stratigraphic sequences and to define geological epochs. It is the planned successor to "A Geologic Timescale" and adopts the same style and employs similar methods.
An ecotourism site guide for Europe. This is a compilation of fifteen books previously published as: ‘Wildlife of Scandinavia’; ‘England Winter Birdwatching’; ‘Birds, Butterflies and Dragonflies of the South Coast, England’; ‘Birds of Belgium’ (includes Luxembourg); ‘Birds of the Netherlands’; ‘Birds of France’; ‘Birds and Mammals of Spain’; ‘Birds, Butterflies and Mammals of the Swiss Alps’; ‘Birds of Lake Neusiedl, Austria’; ‘Mammals and Birds of Estonia’ (includes Latvia and Lithuania); ‘Birds and Mammals of Slovakia’; ‘Birds and Butterflies of Hungary’; ‘Wildlife of Romania’; ‘Birds of the Bulgarian Coast’ and; ‘Wildlife of Greece’. Note that this is not an identification guide, instead it describes places to visit. Various types of ecotourism are discussed including (in order of amount of coverage) birdwatching, walking, butterflies and mammals. This ebook is in full colour with extensive internal links to help navigation. With Ecotourism in Europe you can sprinkle nature highlights into your vacation or design a complete ecotourism itinerary. • Unbiased, curated, practical advice • Self-guided nature walks with maps, GPS coordinates, clear directions and local wildlife-watching tips • Birdwatching advice includes lists, hotspots and suggestions for visiting specialist habitats • Advice for all budgets and travel styles including independent travel, exploring with your own vehicle (including motorhomes), hiking, backpacking and cycle-touring • Destinations include Hardangervidda, Golsfjellet, Runde, Dovre, Borgefjell, Varanger, Store Mosse, Takern, Kvisemare, Garphyttan, Sonfjallet, Ostersund, Abisko, Muddus, Lemmenjoki, Oulanka, Hiidenportti, Koli, Patvinsuo, Parikkala, Vejlerne, Dovns Klint, Dee, Mersey, Ribble Estuary, Morecombe Bay, Dumfries, Galloway, Fens, North Norfolk Coast, Somerset Levels, Severn Estuary, Exmoor, Dartmoor, Jurassic Coast, Isle of Purbeck, Bournemouth, Cranborne, Pennington, New Forest, Stockbridge, Kalmthout Heath, Ardennes, Hoge Kempen, Ecternach, Remerschen, Zeeland, Texel, Lauwersmeer, Flevoland, Veluwe, Friesland, Biesbosch, Gavarnie, Organbidexka, Carmargue, Le Crau, Cevennes, Tours, Alps, Charente Coast, Jura, Cauterets, La Brenne, Landes, Vanoise Alps, Alpilles, Els Ports, Belchite Steppes, Coto Donana, Ebro Delta, Sierra Morena, Merida, Picos de Europa, Monfrague, Irun, Sierra de la Culebra, Somiedo, Riano, Irati, Pyrenees, Riglos, Lake Neusiedl, Lange Lacke, Hansag, Hohenau, Bodenzee, Hohe Wand, Marchegg, Endla, Albu Vald, Korvemaa, Poosaspea, Matsula, Soomaa, Nigula, Lake Lubans, Kemeri National Park, Mersrags, Lake Engure, Zuvintas, Metelini, Poloniny, Danube, Senne, Latorica, Slovensky kras, Tatras, Aggtelek, Bukki, Ferto-Hansag, Hortobagy, Kisbalaton, Kiskunsagi, Koros Maros, Lake Velence, Cefa, Lake Iortmac, Southern Carpathians, Turda Gorge, Axios-Loudis-Aliakmonas, Chelmos, Dadia, Kerkini, Kotyhi Strofylia, Evros Delta, Falakro, Olympus, Parnassus, Pindos, Prespa, Mesolongi, Amvrakikos This ebook has effortless navigation with multiple internal links, all maps and photographs in full colour and optimised for electronic readers, colours contrast-tested for readability on black-and-white screens and everything included in the download for full use offline. Buy Ecotourism in Europe now and discover the extraordinary nature of the vast and varied continent of Europe.
The changing Arctic is of broad political concern and is being studied across many fields. This book investigates ongoing changes in the Arctic from a landscape perspective. It examines settlements and territories of the Barents Sea Coast, Northern Norway, the Russian Kola Peninsula, Svalbard and Greenland from an interdisciplinary, design-based and future-oriented perspective. The Future North project has travelled Arctic regions since 2012, mapped landscapes and settlements, documented stories and practices, and discussed possible futures with local actors. Reflecting the multidisciplinary nature of the project, the authors in this book look at political and economic strategies, urban development, land use strategies and local initiatives in specific locations that are subject to different forces of change. This book explores current material conditions in the Arctic as effects of industrial and political agency and social initiatives. It provides a combined view on the built environment and urbanism, as well as the cultural and material landscapes of the Arctic. The chapters move beyond single-disciplinary perspectives on the Arctic, and engage with futures, cultural landscapes and communities in ways that build on both architectural and ethnographic participatory methods.
"The Making of a Land - Geology of Norway" takes the reader on a journey in geological time, from primordial times to the present day. A fantastic journey from the summits of Norway's spectacular rugged and weather-beaten mountains to the riches concealed in the sedimentary rocks on the continental shelf. This book displays the treasures of Norwegian geology for everyone to see. Norway's geological resources represent the foundation of its welfare state. During several centuries first the mining, and then the oil industries have been economic mainstays, and this will continue in the future. The book presents a description both of Norway and the planet we inhabit and depend on for our survival. It is lavishly illustrated with photographs and maps from all over the country.
