Values and Attitudes across Nations and Time
Values and Attitudes across Nations and Time

Author: Masamichi Sasaki

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2021-11-15

Total Pages: 174

ISBN-13: 9004476814

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Values and Attitudes across Nations and Time contributes to an ever-growing body of work focussing on the elucidation of variations in values and attitudes throughout the world - not only what they actually are, but also strategies for their detection, description and classification. Researchers in the field seek to identify both similarities and differences. In this work, quantitative and qualitative views and methods are explored by nine well-known authors: Masamichi Sasaki, current President of the International Institute of Sociology; Theodore Caplow of the University of Virginia; Mattei Dogan of the National Center of Scientific Research, Paris; S.N. Eisenstadt of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Chikio Hayashi of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo; Geert Hofstede of the University of Limburg at Maastricht in The Netherlands; Alex Inkeles of Stanford University; P. Herbert Leiderman of the Stanford University Medical School; Robert M. Marsh of Brown University; and Carmi Schooler of the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, USA.

Measuring Attitudes Cross-Nationally
Measuring Attitudes Cross-Nationally

Author: Roger Jowell

Publisher: SAGE

Published: 2007-04-02

Total Pages: 289

ISBN-13: 1848604963

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Winner of the 2006 The Descartes Prize "for excellence in collaborative scientific research" With the expansion of the European Union and the development of supra-national governance worldwide, the volume of cross-national data and the importance of rigorous comparative analysis has grown rapidly. This book, written by members of the design and implementation team for the groundbreaking European Social Survey (ESS), reviews current best practice in the conduct of cross-national, cross-cultural quantitative research. The first eight chapters cover the background and rationale for the Survey and offer a detailed analysis of the methods and procedures used, as well as exploring ways to overcome the obstacles to successful cross-national research. The final chapter looks ahead to future comparative surveys and discusses the lessons that can be learned from the ESS. As well as examining methodological issues, Measuring Attitudes Cross-Nationally includes four substantive chapters on the findings of the ESS, including the emergence of hitherto unknown national differences in values regarding immigration and perceptions of citizenship. The ESS data is also considered in comparison with that from US General Social Survey. Measuring Attitudes Cross-Nationally offers a practical guide, firmly grounded in theory, for researchers across the social sciences who have an interest the design, planning or interpretation of cross-national social surveys.

Values and Behavior
Values and Behavior

Author: Sonia Roccas

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2017-08-09

Total Pages: 258

ISBN-13: 3319563521

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What are values? How are they different from attitudes, traits, and specific goals? How do our values influence our behavior, and vice versa? How does our culture and environment impact the relationship between values and behavior? These questions and more are rigorously examined by prominent and emerging scholars in this significant volume Values and Behavior: Taking A Cross Cultural Perspective. Personal values are cognitive representations of abstract, desirable motivational goals that guide the way individuals select actions, evaluate people and events, and explain their actions and evaluations. The unique features of values have implications for their impact on behavior. People are highly satisfied with their values and perceive them as close to their ideal selves. At the same time, however, daily interpersonal interaction reveals that individuals hold different, sometimes opposing, value profiles. These individual differences are even more apparent when individuals from different cultures interact. The collected chapters address the links between values and behavior from a cultural perspective. They review studies conducted in various cultures and discuss culture as a moderator of the relationships between values and behavior. Structurally, part I of the volume discusses what values are and how they should be measure; part II then examines the contents of the relationships between values and behavior in different life-domains, including prosocial behavior, aggression, behavior in organizations and relationships formation. Part III explores some of the moderating mechanisms that relate values to behavior. Taken together, these chapters review and synthesize over twenty years of research on values and behavior, and propose new insights that have important implications for both research and for practice.

Values Across Cultures and Times
Values Across Cultures and Times

Author: Biljana Mišić Ilić

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2014-03-17

Total Pages: 250

ISBN-13: 1443858005

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Values Across Cultures and Times is a collection of sixteen articles examining the concept of values understood in its broadest sense as the need of the modern man to examine, redefine, and reconstruct previous theories, histories, moralities, social relationships, forms of language and language use. In times of great change, preserving traditional values seems to be particularly difficult, and the authors of these essays respond to the challenge, and approach the notion of changing values from the perspectives of literary studies and linguistics. The book opens with an introductory overview, followed by sixteen articles divided into three sections. The book is aimed at a broad academic audience, while the popular style of the articles also makes the volume appealing to a wider audience interested in different aspects of values. The authors of the articles come from Serbia, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, and the United States.

The Rhythm of Modernization: How Values Change over Time
The Rhythm of Modernization: How Values Change over Time

Author: Raül Tormos

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-11-04

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 9004411917

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In The Rhythm of Modernization, Raül Tormos studies the pace at which belief systems change across the developed world during the modernization process. Contradicting value theories’ assumptions, citizens adapt their beliefs to new circumstances throughout life and modernization happens faster than predicted.

Landmark 1989
Landmark 1989

Author: Heinrich Best

Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster

Published: 2010

Total Pages: 301

ISBN-13: 3643104499

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The year 1989 marks an upheaval in Central and Eastern Europe and stands for a radical change in such spheres as society, economy, politics and culture in this region. This volume presents a collection of articles and analyses exploring a broad range of aspects of post-1989 developments ranging from historical legacies and politics of history, changing values and mentality, old and new inequalities, elites and European integration, written by recognised social scientists from both Eastern and Western Europe. The chapters included in the volume present not only recent advances and findings, but also state-of-the-art of research and emerging trends and future challenges in the above-mentioned areas.

Social Attitudes in Japan
Social Attitudes in Japan

Author: Masamichi Sasaki

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2021-10-01

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 9004476105

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Why is it important to study general social attitudes? To compare social attitudes across nations? To conduct such research longitudinally? The answers reveal the significance of such social research under unprecedented globalization, which creates imperatives for mutual international understanding. Though principally focused on Japanese social attitudes, these attitudes must be compared across nations and time, one means being cross-national attitude surveys, encompassing special methodologies and data analytic techniques. In 1953, the Institute of Statistical Mathematics began nationwide, longitudinal surveys of the Japanese way of thinking. All of the work described in this book stems from this research. This book is intended as a learning tool for those engaged in or contemplating social scientific research. At both national and international levels, survey and analytic methodologies are explored, explicated and applied to real world data. This publication has also been published in hardback (no longer available ISBN 90 04 11853 5).

Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior
Surveying Climate-Relevant Behavior

Author: Markus Hadler

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2021-11-12

Total Pages: 165

ISBN-13: 3030857964

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This open access book discusses the contribution of sociology and survey research to climate research. The authors address the questions of which behaviors are of climate relevance, who is engaging in these behaviors, in which contexts do these behaviors occur, and which individual perceptions and values are related to them. Utilizing survey research, the book focuses on the measurement of climate-relevant behaviors with population surveys and develops an instrument that allows a valid estimate of an individual’s GHG emissions with a few core items. While the development of these instruments was based on surveys and qualitative interviews conducted in Austria, the instruments were subsequently tested in a set of 31 European countries, revealing the international relevance of such research. The book also concludes with a brief consideration of the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on environmental attitudes, situating the project globally.

African Brain Circulation
African Brain Circulation

Author:

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2007-07-30

Total Pages: 197

ISBN-13: 9047420918

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In this book, discussions on African brain circulation and transnational society provide new insights and point to fertile research and policy agendas. Today, a globally important dilemma concerns citizens who either depart from their homeland to enhance their life chances in a rich society - but possibly contribute to a brain drain for their homeland - or stay home and work - but possibly contribute to a brain waste since conditions at home will not allow them to contribute commensurately with their capability. Increasingly, scholars on the subject of global South-to-West emigrants argue that it is not just a possibility of a brain drain occurring when citizens emigrate or brain waste occurring when they stay home, but rather a brain gain when they emigrate strategically and contribute to development in the homeland.