This book provides clear surgical options when the cases are not “routine”. It follows both a “how to” manual as well as an algorithm-based guide to allow the reader to understand the thought process behind the proposed treatment strategy. In each chapter, international experts address how to avoid being in tough surgical situations through preoperative planning, how to better deal with commonly encountered intra-operative findings, how to deal with difficult laparoscopic, open, endoscopic, and anorectal cases, and how to avoid medico-legal issues. Colorectal Surgery Consultation is simple and succinct and provides pragmatic advice and reproducible techniques that can be readily implemented by surgeons of varying experience to successfully treat complex colorectal problems through endoscopic and endoluminal approaches that may make the difference in patient outcomes.
The volume is based on the papers that were presented at the Interna tional Conference Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific Discovery (MBR'98), held at the Collegio Ghislieri, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, in December 1998. The papers explore how scientific thinking uses models and explanatory reasoning to produce creative changes in theories and concepts. The study of diagnostic, visual, spatial, analogical, and temporal rea soning has demonstrated that there are many ways of performing intelligent and creative reasoning that cannot be described with the help only of tradi tional notions of reasoning such as classical logic. Traditional accounts of scientific reasoning have restricted the notion of reasoning primarily to de ductive and inductive arguments. Understanding the contribution of model ing practices to discovery and conceptual change in science requires ex panding scientific reasoning to include complex forms of creative reasoning that are not always successful and can lead to incorrect solutions. The study of these heuristic ways of reasoning is situated at the crossroads of philoso phy, artificial intelligence, cognitive psychology, and logic; that is, at the heart of cognitive science. There are several key ingredients common to the various forms of model based reasoning to be considered in this book. The models are intended as in terpretations of target physical systems, processes, phenomena, or situations. The models are retrieved or constructed on the basis of potentially satisfying salient constraints of the target domain.
At the turn of the 21st century, the most valuable commodity in society is knowledge--particularly new knowledge that may give a culture, company, or laboratory an adaptive advantage. Knowledge about the cognitive processes that lead to discovery and invention can enhance the probability of making valuable new discoveries and inventions. Such knowledge needs to be made widely available to ensure that no particular interest group "corners the market" on techno-scientific creativity. Knowledge can also facilitate the development of business strategies and social policies based on a genuine understanding of the creative process. Furthermore, through an understanding of principles underlying the cognitive processes related to discovery, educators can utilize these principles to teach students effective problem-solving strategies as part of their education as future scientists. This book takes the reader out onto the cutting edge of research in scientific and technological thinking. The editors advocate a multiple-method approach; chapters include detailed case studies of contemporary and historical practices, experiments, computational simulations, and innovative theoretical analyses. The editors attempt a provocative synthesis of this work at the end. In order to achieve true scientific and technological progress, an understanding of the process by which species are transforming the world is needed. This book makes an important step in that direction by leading to breakthroughs in the understanding of discovery and invention.
Medical and Health Genomics provides concise and evidence-based technical and practical information on the applied and translational aspects of genome sciences and the technologies related to non-clinical medicine and public health. Coverage is based on evolving paradigms of genomic medicine—in particular, the relation to public and population health genomics now being rapidly incorporated in health management and administration, with further implications for clinical population and disease management. - Provides extensive coverage of the emergent field of health genomics and its huge relevance to healthcare management - Presents user-friendly language accompanied by explanatory diagrams, figures, and many references for further study - Covers the applied, but non-clinical, sciences across disease discovery, genetic analysis, genetic screening, and prevention and management - Details the impact of clinical genomics across a diverse array of public and community health issues, and within a variety of global healthcare systems
Anticipate and Communicate is the Bioethics Commission's sixth major report. In this report the Bioethics Commission offers specific recommendations for the management of incidental and secondary findings in clinical, research and direct-to-consumer settings. Emerging medical technologies, changing cost structures, and evolving medical practice make the likelihood of discovering incidental and secondary findings across contexts a growing certainty. Such findings can be lifesaving, but also can lead to uncertainty and distress if they are unexpected or identify conditions for which no effective treatment is available.
Reduce your anxieties and build the knowledge base and experience you need to pass the check-off exam. Based upon actual “check-off” forms that faculty commonly use for grading, this unique guide gives you instant access to the information necessary for conducting and documenting a routine adult well-patient physical assessment. Full-color illustrations detail every assessment technique.
neurology A fully updated and authoritative neurology resource The Queen Square Textbook has established itself as a favourite companion to clinical neurosciences training and teaching around the world, whilst retaining its role as an invaluable reference guide for physicians and other healthcare professionals working in neurology, general medicine and related specialties. The book continues to reflect the core values essential to the practice of clinical neurology in the 21st century. The third edition has been extensively revised and updated to take account of the rapid pace of progress in the neurosciences and patient care. Contemporary neurology has been changed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the climate emergency and the growing inequalities in healthcare resources. The new edition has been extensively revised to reflect these challenges and affords a greater emphasis on management and rehabilitation whilst continuing to reflect the coherence of a text produced from a single, closely-knit, centre of excellence. Highlights of the new edition include: An updated approach to clinical examination, decision-making and diagnosis New developments in neuroimmunology, pathology and genetics Neuropalliative care Ethical and legal issues in clinical neurology The latest developments in the understanding and management of stroke, movement disorders, epilepsy, cognitive impairment, multiple sclerosis, infections, myelopathy, anterior horn cell disease, disorders of nerve and muscle, neuro-oncology, neurological disorders of hearing, balance and vision, and the neurological care of critical illness, sleep, neuropsychiatry, pain, autonomic and urological disorders. An emphasis on treatment and rehabilitation of the person with a neurological disease The new edition marks a significant transition to reflect contemporary neurological practice during uncertain times. It mirrors the enormous changes in investigation, diagnosis and treatment that have occurred in recent years whilst maintaining the underlying principle that we do not treat diagnoses but, rather, we care for people affected by neurological disease.
This book provides guidance to readers for how to conduct an integrative review. Over the decades, with the expansion of evidence-based practice (EBP), the evolution of methods used in reviews has resulted in a wide spectrum of review types. Due to the overlapping characteristics of the various review methods, confusion exists related to terminology, descriptions and methods of each type. To fill this gap, this book examines components necessary to conduct a rigorous integrative review from formulating questions through dissemination of the results of the review. Each chapter focuses on one component or step in this process and is written in a straightforward and readable manner. An integrative review is considered by many as an actual research study, hence it should be approached following established research methods involving well‐defined steps. The integrative review is often compared with the systematic review. Both are used in healthcare research and follow a systematic process in reviewing literature and developing recommendations, but there are important differences that are addressed in the book. Evidence-based practice (EBP) demands high quality, rigorous evidence for nurse clinicians to make informed decisions with and for their patients. In nursing education, the integrative review is a frequent capstone project for graduate students and forms the basis for many doctoral projects. The Integrative review process should be valid, reliable and transparent and this book provides clear guidelines for writing an integrative review for students, educators, clinicians, and researchers. This book is a useful addition to courses for both undergraduate and graduate level writers of integrative reviews. In academia, a likely adoption would be in graduate research and research methods courses, and baccalaureate honor courses.
Clinical Genomics provides an overview of the various next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies that are currently used in clinical diagnostic laboratories. It presents key bioinformatic challenges and the solutions that must be addressed by clinical genomicists and genomic pathologists, such as specific pipelines for identification of the full range of variants that are clinically important. This book is also focused on the challenges of diagnostic interpretation of NGS results in a clinical setting. Its final sections are devoted to the emerging regulatory issues that will govern clinical use of NGS, and reimbursement paradigms that will affect the way in which laboratory professionals get paid for the testing. - Simplifies complexities of NGS technologies for rapid education of clinical genomicists and genomic pathologists towards genomic medicine paradigm - Tried and tested practice-based analysis for precision diagnosis and treatment plans - Specific pipelines and meta-analysis for full range of clinically important variants
The Oxford Handbook of Undergraduate Psychology Education is dedicated to providing comprehensive coverage of teaching, pedagogy, and professional issues in psychology. The Handbook is designed to help psychology educators at each stage of their careers, from teaching their first courses and developing their careers to serving as department or program administrators. The goal of the Handbook is to provide teachers, educators, researchers, scholars, and administrators in psychology with current, practical advice on course creation, best practices in psychology pedagogy, course content recommendations, teaching methods and classroom management strategies, advice on student advising, and administrative and professional issues, such as managing one's career, chairing the department, organizing the curriculum, and conducting assessment, among other topics. The primary audience for this Handbook is college and university-level psychology teachers (at both two and four-year institutions) at the assistant, associate, and full professor levels, as well as department chairs and other psychology program administrators, who want to improve teaching and learning within their departments. Faculty members in other social science disciplines (e.g., sociology, education, political science) will find material in the Handbook to be applicable or adaptable to their own programs and courses.
