Understanding Insulin and Insulin Resistance is written in a simple and clear language illustrated with diagrams that show the complex interplay of various factors in the initiation of insulin resistance. The design is systematic and meticulous, portraying topics in a flow from simple to complex. This resource is intended for a broad audience spanning across biochemistry, medicine, dentistry, academia, physicians, and research scholars. It extends the approach to biochemistry, physiology, metabolism of insulin along with the coverage of pathophysiology of insulin resistance, its effects on the body tissues, and its analysis on insulin resistance syndrome.
In 1996 the 75th anniversary of the discovery of insulin was celebrated at the University of Toronto, the scene of that discovery in 1921. This volume was stimulated by the scientific program which was staged at that time and brought together much of the world's best talent to discuss and analyze the most recent developments in our understanding of pancreatic function, insulin secretion, the interaction of insulin with its target tissues, the mechanism of insulin action at the cellular level, and the defects which underlie both Type I (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) and Type II (noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) forms of the disease. We have chosen to focus the present volume on work related to insulin action.
More than 18 million people in the United States have diabetes mellitus, and about 90% of these have the type 2 form of the disease. This book attempts to dissect the complexity of the molecular mechanisms of insulin action with a special emphasis on those features of the system that are subject to alteration in type 2 diabetes and other insulin resistant states. It explores insulin action at the most basic levels, through complex systems.
Every year between three and four hundred papers are published on the topic of insulin action. This extraordinary publication rate prevents any author from includ ing an exhaustive bibliography in any review or book. Perhaps due to this there is no single text that attempts to cover the effects and the mechanism of action of insulin. This book is such an attempt. I intend to present a review of the physiological effects of insulin, the pathology of defects in the action of insulin, and the current views on the mechanism of action of this hormone. I make no apology for the fact that the bibliography will not be extensive and that the amount of experimental detail and data discussed will be kept to a relevant minimum. This book is not intended for the expert in the field, but for the second- or third-year undergraduate and graduate student of medicine, biochemistry, physiology or related disciplines, and will be valuable as a reference source for research workers. The book is presented as a guide, a summary of the ideas and facts; it will present a reader with a foretaste of a fascinating and ever-changing field. I have attempted to be up-to-date with published research work. Any significant contributions to the field not included in the first draft have been added as footnotes. I assume a basic knowledge of the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Diabetes is now one of the major causes of morbidity worldwide. In many cases, the onset of diabetes is progressive, developing via a condition of insulin resistance. This book considers the development of this condition, its consequences and clinical and therapeutic aspects. The book reviews the normal biology of insulin action on glucose, lipids and proteins. It considers the pathological basis for insulin resistance in animal models and humans, and discusses the influence of heredity, dietary factors and exercise. Clinical consequences including dyslipidaemia, hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome, and therapeutic strategies for treatment are also examined. * Provides an expert review of the phenomenon of insulin resistance * Brings together a host of recent research for the first time * Written by leading experts in biological and clinical research
Table of Contents: 1) Benefits of an Insulin Pump, 2) All About CGMs, 3) Select a Pump and Infusion Set, 4) Carb Counting, 5) Reach Your Glucose Goals, 6) Start on a Pump, 7) Essentials of the Bolus Calculator, 8) Tools for Better BC Settings, 9) Your TDD, 10) Choose, Check and Change Your Basal Rates, 11) Check and Change Your Carb Factor, 12) Choose, Check and Change Your Correction Factor, 13) Unwanted Glucose Patterns, 14) Real-Time CGM, 15) Stop Highs from the Infusion Set, 16) Hypoglycemia, 17) Ketoacidosis, 18) Erratic Readings, 19) Exercise and Diabetes, 20) Children and Teens, 21) Pumps in Type 1.5 and Type 2 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is a complex disorder that requires a great deal of patient-guided self-care. In recent years, advances in diabetes treatment have dramatically shifted potential outcomes in the favor of the patient with diabetes. The challenge for health care professionals is to realize this potential through an individualized, flexible, and responsive treatment plan for patients with type 1 diabetes. Now in its seventh edition, Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes offers health care providers the newest information and guidelines for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Built on the foundation of multiple daily insulin injections and insulin pump therapy, this book guides health care providers in helping their patients continually strive for optimal blood glucose control. This new edition focuses on the latest molecular advances, new treatment methods, recent clinical trials, and the American Diabetes Association's Standards of Care. Key topics also include new insulins and administration protocols, advanced carbohydrate counting, and emphasis on continuing patient education. Individual sections address all of the topics in managing type 1 diabetes, including diagnosis and classification/pathogenesis, diabetes standards and education, tools of therapy, special situations, psychosocial factors affecting adherence, quality of life, and well-being and complications. Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes is an essential addition to any clinician's library for the treatment and understanding of type 1 diabetes.
As the number of patients with diabetes increases annually, it is not surprising that the number of patients with diabetes who are admitted to the hospital also increases. Once in the hospital, patients with diabetes or hyperglycemia may be admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, require urgent or elective surgery, enteral or parenteral nutrition, intravenous insulin infusion, or therapies that significantly impact glycemic control (e.g., steroids). Because many clinical outcomes are influenced by the degree of glycemic control, knowledge of the best practices in inpatient diabetes management is extremely important. The field of inpatient management of diabetes and hyperglycemia has grown substantially in the last several years. This body of knowledge is summarized in this book, so it can reach the audience of hospitalists, endocrinologists, nurses and other team members who take care of hospitalized patients with diabetes and hyperglycemia.
Something everyone has the power to do is reduce your cancer risk, and this book will show you just how easy it is to do it. Each year, over a million people in the United States alone hear the words no one ever wants to hear: You have cancer. But what if there was a way for fewer people to hear these words? One of the biggest myths regarding cancer is that it’s mostly genetic - meaning that you have no control over whether you get it. While genetics do have an impact, the truth is that your lifestyle and environment play the major role. Physician and Chief Medical Offer of WebMD John Whyte, MD, MPH, shares straightforward information and equips you with strategies to help you on a journey to better health. In Take Control of Your Cancer Risk, Dr. Whyte provides helpful tips including: assessing your cancer risk knowing which screenings you need, and when learning the role food, exercise, and sleep play understanding the relationship between stress and cancer Take Control of Your Cancer Risk is filled with practical advice that empowers you to really take control of our health.
In Insulin Resistance: The Metabolic Syndrome X, outstanding investigators thoughtfully summarize our current understanding of how insulin resistance and its compensating hyperinsulinemia (Syndrome X) play a major role in the pathogenesis and clinical course of high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease-the so-called diseases of Western civilization-as well as polycystic ovary disease. Under the aegis of Gerald Reaven, the discoverer of Syndrome X, the distinguished authorities writing here detail for the first time the pathophysiological consequences and the clinical syndromes, excluding Type 2 diabetes, related to insulin resistance. They also examine the genetic and lifestyle factors that contribute to the wide differences in insulin action that exist in the population at large. Each author has been encouraged to present a point of view that reflects their unique insights. The first authoritative book on the subject, Insulin Resistance: The Metabolic Syndrome X illuminates the special importance of insulin resistance as a major cause of hypertension, heart disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Its thoughtful and detailed approach will make it an essential reference for basic and clinical researchers seeking to understand these critical phenomena.
