Turkey and Indonesia from Frienship to Partnership

Turkey and Indonesia from Frienship to Partnership

Author: Selçuk Çolakoğlu

Publisher: International Strategic Research Organization (USAK)

Published: 2011-05-01

Total Pages: 22

ISBN-13:

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USAK has recently published a policy brief named as “Turkey and Indonesia from Friendship to Partnership”. This policy brief was prepared by Selçuk Çolakoğlu who is currently the Director of the Center for Asia-Pacific Studies at USAK and Arzu Güler who is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Department of International Relations at Bilkent University. Turkey and Indonesia have developed cordial relations with each other since Indonesian independence. The facts that majority of the populations in both countries are Muslim and both countries’ political goals and policies show major similarities have constituted the necessary ground for close and friendly relations. Furthermore, it is expected that Turkey and Indonesia will be among the first 10 economies of the world within 20 years. Thus, Indonesia is a very important country for Turkey also in terms of trade partnership. However, this mutual friendship and close political relations could not have been backed by economic, cultural and social relations in a sufficient manner. Thus, bilateral economic relations remained on a very poor level until the beginning of 2000s. In this respect, this study has two soul aims. Firstly, all aspects of bilateral relations were examined from 1950s until today. Secondly, a roadmap for developingthe bilateral relations in a strategic manner was proposed.


Turkey's Asia Relations

Turkey's Asia Relations

Author: Omair Anas

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2022-02-21

Total Pages: 331

ISBN-13: 3030935159

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This book explores shifts in Turkey's foreign policy and the relevance of Turkey's reconnect offensive with Asia. With the end of the Cold War, Turkey and the West had lost the mutuality of interests and threat perceptions, particularly towards Russia. Western countries are now occupied by the rise of China and are in search of new allies in the Asia Pacific. Turkey is left in its region to deal with Russia and crises that are primary outcomes of Western failures in Syria, Libya, Iraq, Azerbaijan, and Qatar. In the absence of its Western allies, Turkey engaged with Russia alone to deconflict and stabilise Syria, Libya, and Azerbaijan. Turkey's ruling conservative AK Party, however, had won elections from 2002 to 2012 on a strong pro-EU and pro-West agenda. Now, it is talking about ‘strategic autonomy’, ‘multidimensionalism’, ‘diversification’, or ‘the world is bigger than five’. The new foreign policy gestures are underpinned by the rise of the domestic defence industry, nationalist politics at home, and increased trade relations with key Asian economies, China, India, and Indonesia. At an international level, the ruling party has instrumentalised strong criticism of the West for injustice and neglect of the Turkish, Muslim, Islamic, and non-western world. Although this reminds of the history of Turkey's failed quests to shift from a West-centric foreign policy to an unknown direction, the book argues that Turkey's reconnect with Asia is rather to complement and strengthen its relations with the West.


Metamorphosis of Turkish Foreign Policy in the 21st Century

Metamorphosis of Turkish Foreign Policy in the 21st Century

Author: Hamoon Khelghat-Doost

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2023

Total Pages: 391

ISBN-13: 1666927333

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"As Turkey's regional and global roles and influence growth, this volume provides a critical understanding of how the current Turkish foreign policy within the "Enterprising and Humanitarian Framework" operates in practice to achieve Turkey's foreign policy ambitions"--


International Cooperation with Partner Air Forces

International Cooperation with Partner Air Forces

Author: Jennifer D. P. Moroney

Publisher: Rand Corporation

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 0833045717

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The Air Force faces a challenging environment as it devises an approach to managing security cooperation with partner countries. The important mission of countering terrorist and insurgent groups abroad requires working closely with allies and partner countries to strengthen security. Accordingly, current U.S. defense strategy emphasizes that the U.S. armed forces should do more to work "by, with, and through partners" to accomplish missions.


PISA Learning for Tomorrow's World First Results from PISA 2003

PISA Learning for Tomorrow's World First Results from PISA 2003

Author: OECD

Publisher: OECD Publishing

Published: 2004-12-07

Total Pages: 474

ISBN-13: 9264006419

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This report presents the first internationally comparable results to OECD's 2003 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) Survey of the educational performance of 15-year-olds in reading, mathematics, and science in 25 OECD countries.


Indonesia's Ascent

Indonesia's Ascent

Author: C. Roberts

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2015-03-10

Total Pages: 247

ISBN-13: 1137397411

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This volume explores the domestic and transnational considerations associated with Indonesia's ascent, referring to its rise in terms of hard and soft power and its likely trajectory in the future. The range of contributors analyse economic resources, religious harmony, security, regional relations, leadership and foreign policy.


The New Economic Diplomacy

The New Economic Diplomacy

Author: Nicholas Bayne

Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Published: 2007-01-01

Total Pages: 420

ISBN-13: 9780754670483

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The New Economic Diplomacy explains how states conduct their external economic relations in the 21st century: how they make decisions domestically; how they negotiate internationally; and how these processes interact. It documents the transformation of economic diplomacy in the 1990s and early 2000s in response to the end of the Cold War, the advance of globalisation and the growing influence of non-state actors like private business and civil society. Fully updated, the second edition reflects the impact of the campaign against terrorism, the war in Iraq and the rise of major developing countries like China and India.Based on the authors' own work in the field of international political economy, it is suitable for students interested in the decision making processes in foreign economic policy including those studying International Relations, Government, Politics and Economics but will also appeal to politicians, bureaucrats, business people, NGO activists, journalists and the informed public.


The Crimson Chinar

The Crimson Chinar

Author: Brig Amar Cheema, VSM

Publisher: Lancer Publishers

Published: 2015-03-31

Total Pages: 621

ISBN-13: 8170623014

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Among cataclysmic events that have shaped India’s post independence history, none compare with the conflict ‘in’ and ‘over’ the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmir is truly unique as not only is it the nub of the Indo-Pak feud, but also with her other adversary – China. Historically speaking, Kashmir has remained a frontline ever since the Great Game. In view of China’s growing outreach and the fact that Kashmir’s occupied territory link both India’s adversaries, it portends volatility in the India-Pakistan-China triangular relationship. Brig Amar Cheema’s well–researched endeavour recounts the Kashmir imbroglio beyond episodic accounts but by providing the record in continuum; provides a broader perspective. The Crimson Chinar delivers a blow-by-blow account of the many ‘wars,’ and continues the narrative through the phases of ‘No War-No Peace,’ ‘insurgency’ and ‘limited war’ that have progressively ravaged the state. The context and geo-strategic environment has been re-created based on in-depth research and captured the rationale of the times. The important take away being; ‘wherever’ and ‘whenever’ India has responded ‘pro-actively’ and with determination, results have been significantly different; 1965, 1971 and Siachen being prime examples. With myriad external and internal dimensions, Kashmir continues to cast shadows on the progression of the sub-continent. Peace remains as elusive as it was in the forties; if anything, the adversaries – both known and unknown, have grown stronger. While the reasons for the conflict may have changed with the times, the underlying causes remain as profound as they were decades ago.


Turkey-Russia Relations in the Twenty-First Century

Turkey-Russia Relations in the Twenty-First Century

Author: Muhammet Koçak

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2022-09-09

Total Pages: 181

ISBN-13: 1666915742

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Turkey and Russia are two of the most significant powerhouses in Eurasia. The foreign policies of two countries directly impact the regional dynamics in Black Sea, Central Asia, Middle East, Eastern Europe, and the Balkan regions. The changes in the bilateral relations between the two countries go well beyond the Black Sea region. In the past, the Russian Empire played a significant role in the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, and Turkey took part in containing the USSR during the Cold War by joining the NATO in 1952. In the twenty-first century, however, Turkey and Russia invested in bilateral trade and established significant partnerships in the strategic defense and energy sectors. In the same period, the competition between Turkey and Russia heightened, giving way to military confrontation in multiple fronts. This book argues that the changing balance of power in the region has triggered adjustments in the foreign policies of Russia and Turkey in the twenty-first century. The decline of the US influence in the region have brought about increased engagement between Turkey and Russia in the form of partnerships and competition for influence.


The Role, Position and Agency of Cusp States in International Relations

The Role, Position and Agency of Cusp States in International Relations

Author: Marc Herzog

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2014-06-20

Total Pages: 213

ISBN-13: 1317666550

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This work seeks to develop a new concept with which to analyse the actions and activities of states that tend to be relatively ignored by the discipline of International Relations (IR). As a discipline, IR has a tendency to lean towards the analytically safe. Given the current and recent dynamism of the international system that is both surprising and undesirable. Arranged around the concept of the idea of the Cusp State (and cuspness more generally), the book consists of empirical analysis of eight different countries Brazil, Iran, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Taiwan, Turkey and Ukraine, defined as ‘states that lie uneasily on the political and/or normative edge of what is widely believed to be an established region’. By focusing on the importance of comparing groups of states, like states with high degrees of ‘cuspness’, this book argues that it is possible to categorise the world in a fresher and more original way, and one which covers more of the globe than either a systemic or regionalist approach would do. This work will be of great interest to students and scholars of Geopolitics, International Security and Regionalism.