Combinatorial and Geometric Group Theory

Combinatorial and Geometric Group Theory

Author: Sean Cleary

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 0821828223

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This volume grew out of two AMS conferences held at Columbia University (New York, NY) and the Stevens Institute of Technology (Hoboken, NJ) and presents articles on a wide variety of topics in group theory. Readers will find a variety of contributions, including a collection of over 170 open problems in combinatorial group theory, three excellent survey papers (on boundaries of hyperbolic groups, on fixed points of free group automorphisms, and on groups of automorphisms of compactRiemann surfaces), and several original research papers that represent the diversity of current trends in combinatorial and geometric group theory. The book is an excellent reference source for graduate students and research mathematicians interested in various aspects of group theory.


Relations Related to Betweenness: Their Structure and Automorphisms

Relations Related to Betweenness: Their Structure and Automorphisms

Author: Samson Adepoju Adeleke

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 1998

Total Pages: 141

ISBN-13: 0821806238

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This volume is about tree-like structures, namely semilinear ordering, general betweenness relations, C-relations and D-relations. It contains a systematic study of betweenness and introduces C- and D- relations to describe the behaviour of points at infinity (leaves or ends or directions of trees). The focus is on structure theorems and on automorphism groups, with applications to the theory of infinite permutation groups.


Handbook of Geometric Topology

Handbook of Geometric Topology

Author: R.B. Sher

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2001-12-20

Total Pages: 1145

ISBN-13: 0080532853

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Geometric Topology is a foundational component of modern mathematics, involving the study of spacial properties and invariants of familiar objects such as manifolds and complexes. This volume, which is intended both as an introduction to the subject and as a wide ranging resouce for those already grounded in it, consists of 21 expository surveys written by leading experts and covering active areas of current research. They provide the reader with an up-to-date overview of this flourishing branch of mathematics.


A New Construction of Homogeneous Quaternionic Manifolds and Related Geometric Structures

A New Construction of Homogeneous Quaternionic Manifolds and Related Geometric Structures

Author: Vicente Cortés

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 79

ISBN-13: 0821821113

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Let $V = {\mathbb R}^{p,q}$ be the pseudo-Euclidean vector space of signature $(p,q)$, $p\ge 3$ and $W$ a module over the even Clifford algebra $C\! \ell^0 (V)$. A homogeneous quaternionic manifold $(M,Q)$ is constructed for any $\mathfrak{spin}(V)$-equivariant linear map $\Pi : \wedge^2 W \rightarrow V$. If the skew symmetric vector valued bilinear form $\Pi$ is nondegenerate then $(M,Q)$ is endowed with a canonical pseudo-Riemannian metric $g$ such that $(M,Q,g)$ is a homogeneous quaternionic pseudo-Kahler manifold. If the metric $g$ is positive definite, i.e. a Riemannian metric, then the quaternionic Kahler manifold $(M,Q,g)$ is shown to admit a simply transitive solvable group of automorphisms. In this special case ($p=3$) we recover all the known homogeneous quaternionic Kahler manifolds of negative scalar curvature (Alekseevsky spaces) in a unified and direct way. If $p>3$ then $M$ does not admit any transitive action of a solvable Lie group and we obtain new families of quaternionic pseudo-Kahler manifolds. Then it is shown that for $q = 0$ the noncompact quaternionic manifold $(M,Q)$ can be endowed with a Riemannian metric $h$ such that $(M,Q,h)$ is a homogeneous quaternionic Hermitian manifold, which does not admit any transitive solvable group of isometries if $p>3$. The twistor bundle $Z \rightarrow M$ and the canonical ${\mathrm SO}(3)$-principal bundle $S \rightarrow M$ associated to the quaternionic manifold $(M,Q)$ are shown to be homogeneous under the automorphism group of the base. More specifically, the twistor space is a homogeneous complex manifold carrying an invariant holomorphic distribution $\mathcal D$ of complex codimension one, which is a complex contact structure if and only if $\Pi$ is nondegenerate. Moreover, an equivariant open holomorphic immersion $Z \rightarrow \bar{Z}$ into a homogeneous complex manifold $\bar{Z}$ of complex algebraic group is constructed. Finally, the construction is shown to have a natural mirror in the category of supermanifolds. In fact, for any $\mathfrak{spin}(V)$-equivariant linear map $\Pi : \vee^2 W \rightarrow V$ a homogeneous quaternionic supermanifold $(M,Q)$ is constructed and, moreover, a homogeneous quaternionic pseudo-Kahler supermanifold $(M,Q,g)$ if the symmetric vector valued bilinear form $\Pi$ is nondegenerate.


Special Groups

Special Groups

Author: M. A. Dickmann

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 271

ISBN-13: 0821820575

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This monograph presents a systematic study of Special Groups, a first-order universal-existential axiomatization of the theory of quadratic forms, which comprises the usual theory over fields of characteristic different from 2, and is dual to the theory of abstract order spaces. The heart of our theory begins in Chapter 4 with the result that Boolean algebras have a natural structure of reduced special group. More deeply, every such group is canonically and functorially embedded in a certain Boolean algebra, its Boolean hull. This hull contains a wealth of information about the structure of the given special group, and much of the later work consists in unveiling it. Thus, in Chapter 7 we introduce two series of invariants "living" in the Boolean hull, which characterize the isometry of forms in any reduced special group. While the multiplicative series--expressed in terms of meet and symmetric difference--constitutes a Boolean version of the Stiefel-Whitney invariants, the additive series--expressed in terms of meet and join--, which we call Horn-Tarski invariants, does not have a known analog in the field case; however, the latter have a considerably more regular behaviour. We give explicit formulas connecting both series, and compute explicitly the invariants for Pfister forms and their linear combinations. In Chapter 9 we combine Boolean-theoretic methods with techniques from Galois cohomology and a result of Voevodsky to obtain an affirmative solution to a long standing conjecture of Marshall concerning quadratic forms over formally real Pythagorean fields. Boolean methods are put to work in Chapter 10 to obtain information about categories of special groups, reduced or not. And again in Chapter 11 to initiate the model-theoretic study of the first-order theory of reduced special groups, where, amongst other things we determine its model-companion. The first-order approach is also present in the study of some outstanding classes of morphisms carried out in Chapter 5, e.g., the pure embeddings of special groups. Chapter 6 is devoted to the study of special groups of continuous functions.


Black Box Classical Groups

Black Box Classical Groups

Author: William M. Kantor

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 183

ISBN-13: 0821826190

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If a black box simple group is known to be isomorphic to a classical group over a field of known characteristic, a Las Vegas algorithm is used to produce an explicit isomorphism. The proof relies on the geometry of the classical groups rather than on difficult group-theoretic background. This algorithm has applications to matrix group questions and to nearly linear time algorithms for permutation groups. In particular, we upgrade all known nearly linear time Monte Carlo permutation group algorithms to nearly linear Las Vegas algorithms when the input group has no composition factor isomorphic to an exceptional group of Lie type or a 3-dimensional unitary group.


Quantum Linear Groups and Representations of $GL_n({\mathbb F}_q)$

Quantum Linear Groups and Representations of $GL_n({\mathbb F}_q)$

Author: Jonathan Brundan

Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 127

ISBN-13: 0821826166

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We give a self-contained account of the results originating in the work of James and the second author in the 1980s relating the representation theory of GL[n(F[q) over fields of characteristic coprime to q to the representation theory of "quantum GL[n" at roots of unity. The new treatment allows us to extend the theory in several directions. First, we prove a precise functorial connection between the operations of tensor product in quantum GL[n and Harish-Chandra induction in finite GL[n. This allows us to obtain a version of the recent Morita theorem of Cline, Parshall and Scott valid in addition for p-singular classes. From that we obtain simplified treatments of various basic known facts, such as the computation of decomposition numbers and blocks of GL[n(F[q) from knowledge of the same for the quantum group, and the non-defining analogue of Steinberg's tensor product theorem. We also easily obtain a new double centralizer property between GL[n(F[[q) and quantum GL[n, generalizing a result of Takeuchi. Finally, we apply the theory to study the affine general linear group, following ideas of Zelevinsky in characteristic zero. We prove results that can be regarded as the modular analogues of Zelevinsky's and Thoma's branching rules. Using these, we obtain a new dimension formula for the irreducible cross-characteristic representations of GL[n(F[q), expressing their dimensions in terms of the characters of irreducible modules over the quantum group.