Biomechanics of the Spine
Biomechanics of the Spine

Author: Navid Soltani

Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing

Published: 2014-02

Total Pages: 96

ISBN-13: 9783659512025

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To achieve a new method for predicting the result of disc replacement or to predict biomechanics of lumbar (or any other skeletal segment) by finite element model analysis, its necessary to follow an organized procedure including 3D bone model, meshing the proposed model, designing an artificial implant and simulation of loading condition. In this study we try to explain the whole procedure step by step from importing the CT image to analysis of lumbar section with designed implant. First it's explained how the 3D model can be made based on the CT image using MIMICS software and some details related to simulation of the skeletal model by this software will be released. Second part shows the tutorial method for importing proposed model in ABAQUS software and how it can be analyzed. This step by step tutorial is helpful in lumbar biomechanics and creating human body skeletal model. Also it is useful to achieve a perfect procedure for creating and analyzing lumbar disc implant.

A Two-dimensional Human Spine Simulation and Three-dimensional Spine Model Construction
A Two-dimensional Human Spine Simulation and Three-dimensional Spine Model Construction

Author: Jianzhi Liu

Publisher:

Published: 2001

Total Pages:

ISBN-13:

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ABSTRACT: This thesis describes two different, but complementary modeling tasks for the human spine. Methodologies for modeling and simulation of the motion of the human spine vary dramatically in complexity. While providing detailed stress and strain field representations, full finite element modeling of the human spine can be computationally expensive. Alternatively, nonlinear multibody dynamics representations are often used because of their simplicity. These formulations employ rigid models of vertebrae interconnected via conventional mechanical joints. However, it is well documented that inter-vertebral motion can depart significantly from conventional mechanical joint constraints. We present an identification methodology that employs a relaxation technique in which joint mechanical properties are represented via a probability measure. In addition we describe an effort to obtain accurate three-dimensional models of the human spine. These efforts are motivated by considering scoliosis. Scoliosis is defined as abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. It is usually considered as a three-dimensional deformity, because axial rotation will always accompany the lateral curvature. The correction of the deformity is required when the patient risks severe deformity. A three-dimensional spine model is constructed and a computer simulation tool is provided.

Three Dimensional Analysis of Spinal Deformities
Three Dimensional Analysis of Spinal Deformities

Author: M. D'Amico

Publisher: IOS Press

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 478

ISBN-13: 9789051991819

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Changes in Shape of the Spine with Idiopathic Scoliosis after Harrington or C-D Instrumentation: The Plan View -- 3-D Correction Obtained with the C-D Procedure During Surgery -- Results of Treatment of Scoliosis with the Cotrel-Dubousset Technique -- Technics and Preliminary Results Colorado -- A Preliminary Report on the Surgical Realignment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Isola Instrumentation -- Osteoporotic Fractures with Neurological Complications -- Simulation of Surgical Maneuvers with C-D Instrumentation -- Adolescence and Orthopaedic Braces: Psychological Conflicts? -- Preliminary Results of Specific Exercises During In-Patient Scoliosis Rehabilitation -- Cardiopulmonary Performance in Patients with Severe Scoliosis - Outcome after Specific Rehabilitation -- Scoliotic Flatback and Specific Rehabilitation -- Chapter 6. Surface Topography & Internal 3-D Spinal and/or Trunk Anatomy -- Scoliosis Follow-Up by Back Shape Analysis -- Evaluation of Its Reliability -- Digital 3D Moiré - Topography -- Evolution of Scoliosis by Optical Scanner I.S.I.S. -- Automated 360° Degree Profilometry of Human Trunk for Spinal Deformity Analysis -- Spinal Surface Digitization Using 'Metrecom' in Scoliosis Screening -- High-Resolution Rasterstereography -- Reproducibility and Reliability of the Quantec Surface Imaging System in the Assessment of Spinal Deformity -- Investigation of the Diurnal Variation in the Water Content of the Intervertebral Disc Using MRI and Its Implications for Scoliosis -- Author Index

A Three Dimensional Finite Element Model to Study the Biomechanical and Kinematic Characteristics of the Human Lumbar Spine in Flexion
A Three Dimensional Finite Element Model to Study the Biomechanical and Kinematic Characteristics of the Human Lumbar Spine in Flexion

Author: Dhruv Jitesh Mehta

Publisher:

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 71

ISBN-13:

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The aim of the research was to develop a three-dimensional finite element model to study the biomechanical and kinematic characteristics of the human lumbar spine in flexion. An analytical model of the lumbar spine capable of taking into consideration the actual geometry, non-linear material properties and realistic loading would be of benefit in studying normal biomechanics, as well as in-vivo behavior in injured and surgically altered spines. Fundamental to this approach is an accurate model of the spine. This was achieved by modeling the lumbar segments L2-L4 from Computed Tomography (CT) data and analyzing them under loading conditions that best approximated the human lumbar segments in flexion. An in-vitro study was performed for validation of the finite element model. Human lumbar cadaveric spinal segments (L2-L4) were loaded based on test conditions similar to those defined in the finite element analysis. The results of the cadaver biomechanical study and finite element analysis were compared. The results suggest that the model is a valid approach to assessing the range of motion of the L3 segment under flexion. Rotation under lateral bending moments was additionally investigated to provide a thorough validation of the model.

Spinal Disorders in Growth and Aging
Spinal Disorders in Growth and Aging

Author: Hideaki E. Takahashi

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-06-29

Total Pages: 326

ISBN-13: 4431669396

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This volume contains the papers presented at the International Symposium on Spine and Spinal Disorders in Growth and Aging held in Niigata on November 22-23, 1992. The symposium commemorates the 75th anniversary of the foundation of the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University School of Medicine. . The purpose of the symposium was to investigate the field of spine and spinal disorders in growth and aging. Topics ranged from osteoporosis, other of the spinal column to degenerative metabolic bone diseases, and deformity spinal disorders and heterotopic ossification with resultant myelopathy. Spinal manifestations of systemic and local diseases were also included. Symptoms of spinal disorders in both the lower and upper extremity were presented and biomechanics and bone mineral measurement of the spine were also discussed. The organizing committee would like to thank the following for their sponsorship and support of this international symposium: Japan Osteoporosis Foundation, Japan-North America Medical Exchange Foundation, Japan Russia Medical Exchange Foundation, Niigata Prefectural Government, and Niigata City Government. We deeply appreciate their support and contributions to the success of the symposium. The chairman of the organizing committee is most grateful for the contributions and support of the International Advisory Committee, Dr. B.D. Burr (USA), Dr. H.M. Frost (USA), and Dr. R.R. Recker (USA); the Local Advisory Committee, Dr. S. Kono (Prof. Emeritus of Niigata University) and Dr. T. Tajima (Prof. Emeritus ofNiigata University); and the members of the organizing committee, Dr. Y. Watanabe (Yamagata University), Dr. K.