This book covers major techniques used to compute, analyze, visualize, and understand 3D electromagnetic fields in every major application of electrical geophysics. The 44 papers, written especially for this volume, are divided between techniques of 3D modeling and inversion (21 papers) and applications (23 papers). The latter include exploration for minerals and hydrocarbons, regional crustal studies, and environmental surveys. These contributions represent the work of 95 authors from 56 institutions in 13 countries.
Electromagnetic Sounding of the Earth's Interior 2nd edition provides a comprehensive up-to-date collection of contributions, covering methodological, computational and practical aspects of Electromagnetic sounding of the Earth by different techniques at global, regional and local scales. Moreover, it contains new developments such as the concept of self-consistent tasks of geophysics and , 3-D interpretation of the TEM sounding which, so far, have not all been covered by one book. Electromagnetic Sounding of the Earth's Interior 2nd edition consists of three parts: I- EM sounding methods, II- Forward modelling and inversion techniques, and III - Data processing, analysis, modelling and interpretation. The new edition includes brand new chapters on Pulse and frequency electromagnetic sounding for hydrocarbon offshore exploration. Additionally all other chapters have been extensively updated to include new developments. - Presents recently developed methodological findings of the earth's study, including seismoelectrical and renewed magnetovariational approaches - Provides methodological guidelines for Electromagnetic data interpretation in various geological environments - Contains a balanced set of lectures covering all aspects of Electromagnetic sounding at global, regional and local levels along with case studies, highlighting the practical importance of electromagnetic data - Updates current findings in the field, in particular MT, magnetovariational and seismo-electrical methods and the practice of 3D interpretations
Computational Geo-Electromagnetics: Methods, Models, and Forecasts, Volume Five in the Computational Geophysics series, is devoted to techniques for building of geoelectrical models from electromagnetic data, featuring Bayesian statistical analysis and neural network algorithms. These models are applied to studying the geoelectrical structure of famous volcanoes (i.e., Vesuvio, Kilauea, Elbrus, Komagatake, Hengill) and geothermal zones (i.e., Travale, Italy; Soultz-sous-Forets, Elsace). Methodological recommendations are given on electromagnetic sounding of faults as well as geothermal and hydrocarbon reservoirs. Techniques for forecasting of petrophysical properties from the electrical resistivity as proxy parameter are also considered. Computational Geo-Electromagnetics: Methods, Models, and Forecasts offers techniques and algorithms for building geoelectrical models under conditions of rare or irregularly distributed EM data and/or lack of prior geological and geophysical information. This volume also includes methodological guidelines on interpretation of electromagnetic sounding data depending on goals of the study. Finally, it details computational algorithms for using electrical resistivity for properties beyond boreholes.
This proceedings book investigates the possibilities for creating new models of the continental lithosphere structure by integrating methods from geothermodynamics and deep geoelectrics. It particularly focuses on the use of powerful controlled sources of electromagnetic field to study the nature of deep geophysical boundaries. It also presents research related to the transition boundary between the brittle and quasiplastic states of Earth’s crust matter and the position of creep areas in Earth’s crust, as well as geothermal and rheological studies in combination with the deep electromagnetic soundings – a promising direction that allows the tectonophysical reconstruction of natural stresses in the lithosphere. The experimental study results and tectonophysical modeling are discussed in the context of the Fennoscandinavian shield, the Indian Craton, the Himalayas, Eastern Tibet and the Eurasian continent as a whole. The book appeals to researchers interested in solid Earth physics.
This book presents a collection of essays that address various facets of the hydrogeology of Israel. Despite its small geographic size, Israel exhibits a variety of climates and is located between two regional fluctuating base levels. The respective chapters discuss the variety of hydrogeological configurations and hydrological processes produced by these geographical circumstances. In some cases, the interpretation of these aspects is deliberately left open to debate, because the authors were asked to provide, in addition to their own views, also alternative and even conflicting ones. Hydrogeological configurations similar to those in Israel can be found in other countries around the world. Therefore, researchers, scholars and professionals in this interdisciplinary field can benefit from and directly apply the considerable experience and expertise that has been gathered in Israel over the past few decades.
Seabed logging (SBL) gathers the electromagnetic methods of marine subsoil exploration and more specifically those dedicated to the exploration of oil and gas at sea. Appeared in 2000, these techniques, with more than 500 industrial jobs, present after 15 years of commercial success a discovery record rate of nearly 90 % and seem now to turn the world in the offshore exploration field. Proposing a serious index of the presence of hydrocarbons , electromagnetic SBL coupled with seismic reflection survey is probably the first reliable method for direct detection of hydrocarbons. Complementing the structural concepts of oil exploration used since the 1920s, the SBL now radically modifies the approach and the philosophies of exploration especially those then including drilling and well logging activities. Electromagnetic Seabed Logging: a new tool for oil and gas prospecting, which original publication in French was in 2012, presents these methods, its principles, advantages, limitations, instruments, modeling and applications. It is also designed to be a tool for a reflection on the use of electromagnetic energy for the exploration in a conductive medium as sea water thus setting the theoretical and practical limits of these investigations for future developments. This book is intended of course for the geophysicists and the petroleum geologists, but also for the earth scientists, the reservoir engineers and the log analysts
At the heart of this book is the generalized theoretical approach that is applied to investigate the geoelectrical structure of the Earth’s mantle. It also analyzes the results of regional and global induction sounding of the Earth’s mantle and compares them with the results obtained by other geophysical methods. The generalized theoretical approach employs the Induction Law as a basis for identifying extended relations between magnetic field components, including their plane divergence, impedances and spatial derivatives. The estimations of impedance values and spatial derivatives are performed using the theory of stochastic processes. The book also considers the external sources of magnetic fields used for sounding the Earths mantle from the modern theory perspective, as well as the problem of coincidence of magneto-variation and magnetotelluric methods. Further, it discusses secular variations in the Earth’s resistance caused by non-induction sources, factors that are correlated with the number of earthquakes in the region and shifted in time with global indexes. It is a valuable resource for scientists applying deep induction soundings or interested in the structures of and processes in the Earth’s interior.
A rigorous introduction to magnetotelluric imaging of Earth's electrical conductivity and structure, for researchers, advanced students and industrial practitioners.
