This study looks at the overall growth of the North Sumatran economy from the early 1970s up to the present, examining various important sectors, such as manufacturing, agriculture and tourism and providing a deeper analysis and assessment of problems in selected cases. The general situation of infrastructures is also investigated and important constraints are identified for each sector. Broad conclusions on the dynamics of change and on desirable official policies are also presented.
The 2018/2019 Indonesian elections were among the most divisive elections in Indonesian history, where identity politics and ethno-religious sentiments were prevalent not just during the 2019 presidential election, but also during the 2018 regional executive elections as well. Contributors to this edited volume analysed the dynamics between identity politics, national and local politics and produce findings and insights that will inform prospective readers regarding the future of identity politics and how it may affect Indonesian politics for the intermediate future. This book is an up-to-date study addressing contemporary Indonesian politics that should be read by Indonesian Studies and more broadly Southeast Asian Studies specialists. It is also a useful reference for those studying Electoral Politics, Religion and Politics, and Comparative Politics.
This companion volume to the 'World Development Report 2009' comprises twenty papers authored by noted Asian scholars. These studies highlight how, throughout East Asia, spatial considerations have influenced Government policies at the national, regional, and local levels. Key themes include how countries have dealt with: (1) agglomeration economies, urbanization, and regional disparities; (2) improving connectivity with infrastructure investments; and (3) eliminating barriers across and within countries to favor the movement of labor, goods and services. Achievements vary widely across countries: while some succeeded in enhancing competitiveness and improving social outcomes, others are experiencing increasing inequalities and failures to spur growth in disadvantaged areas. The book highlights many examples of how the new economic geography is reshaping development objectives: from initiatives to foster growth via enhanced agglomeration and improved local connectivity to the world economy, to special decentralization programs that channel resources to lagging regions. This volume will be of great interest to readers working in the areas of economic policy, poverty reduction and urban-rural development strategies, and transport-led infrastructure policy.
Explores the relations of power and production that structured the course of plantation agriculture and the lives of those drawn into its field of force
As an annual event, The 3rd International Conference Community Research and Service Engagements (IC2RSE) 2019 continued the agenda to bring together researcher, academics, experts and professionals in examining selected theme by applying multidisciplinary approaches. In 2019, this event will be held in 4 December at Florida-Maryland Room, JW Marriot Hotel. The conference from any kind of stakeholders related with Education, Information Technology, Mathematics and Social Related Studies. Each contributed paper was refereed before being accepted for publication. The double-blind peer reviewed was used in the paper selection.
First Published in 1999. This book provides a critical analysis of the widespread assumption that the formalisation and standardisation of property rights through state legislation has a positive impact on economic development. It is based on anthropological case studies of land and natural resource rights in Southeast Asia and Oceania. These suggest that the economic impact of the formalisation of property rights is not necessarily positive, certainly not for all categories of peoples. They also suggest that state reform of property rights do not necessarily eliminate the conditions of legal pluralism, but rather add new legal structures to an already complex constellation of property rights and duties. The point of departure for the empirical analyses of the central hypothesis examined in this book is that the practical significance of complex forms of property rights and related socio-economic practices cannot be usefully examined within formalistic, one-dimensional and normatively oriented legalistic or economic approaches. Instead, an anthropoligical approach to law is advocated in order to analyse the complicated, multi-dimensional relationships between property rights and economic development, and their embeddedness in social practice. Based on this approach, the contributions to this book show how different people and institutions attribute different meanings to the various components of property relationships, and how they use them as resources in their everyday lives and social struggles.
This is the first book which examines Australia's external relations from a political-geographical perspective. It stresses above all the changing orientation of these relationships towards the Asia-Pacific region. It takes a realistic perspective, emphasising the internal relationships among environment, society, economy and politics in a spatial context. Audience: This volume is of particular interest to political geographers, specialists in foreign affairs and international relations, but it is also aimed at business people, diplomats and general readers.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Business and Technology (ICBT2021) organized by EuroMid Academy of Business & Technology (EMABT), held in Istanbul, between 06–07 November 2021. In response to the call for papers for ICBT2021, 485 papers were submitted for presentation and inclusion in the proceedings of the conference. After a careful blind refereeing process, 292 papers were selected for inclusion in the conference proceedings from forty countries. Each of these chapters was evaluated through an editorial board, and each chapter was passed through a double-blind peer-review process. The book highlights a range of topics in the fields of technology, entrepreneurship, business administration, accounting, and economics that can contribute to business development in countries, such as learning machines, artificial intelligence, big data, deep learning, game-based learning, management information system, accounting information system, knowledge management, entrepreneurship, and social enterprise, corporate social responsibility and sustainability, business policy and strategic management, international management and organizations, organizational behavior and HRM, operations management and logistics research, controversial issues in management and organizations, turnaround, corporate entrepreneurship, innovation, legal issues, business ethics, and firm gerial accounting and firm financial affairs, non-traditional research, and creative methodologies. These proceedings are reflecting quality research contributing theoretical and practical implications, for those who are wise to apply the technology within any business sector. It is our hope that the contribution of this book proceedings will be of the academic level which even decision-makers in the various economic and executive-level will get to appreciate.
