"Armed with an insatiable curiosity about the village he called home, renowned local historian Stephen Thorning began researching and writing the history of Elora in the late 1970s. The unfinished manuscript, found in his study after his untimely passing, traces the development of Elora as a planned community in the 1830s to its growth as an industrial centre in the 1920s. In the book, Thorning examines the interconnectedness of politics, industry, government, and economics in shaping the evolution of a small village with large aspirations. In 24 chapters it reveals how world events, optimism, ingenuity, and egos propelled and, at times, thwarted the development of the Model Village."--
India's cooperative dairying program is widely celebrated as an example of successful rural development, yet the meanings of this success have been understood mainly through the pronouncements of national and international development agencies. Within such official narratives, there has been relatively little engagement with the geographies of dairy development, both its place-specific productions through political contests, availabilities of labor, and distributions of agricultural resources, and the unevenness of its outcomes across rural India. This absence is even more surprising given that village-level cooperatives comprise the foundation of India's dairy development program, and the work of women within rural households is continuously invoked as an integral part of the dairy work. This book extends and enriches current understandings of cooperative dairying in India to show both its value to rural communities as well as the limitations of its participatory structures. Combining comparative and ethnographic approaches, explanations for the diverse outcomes of cooperative dairying are provided from the perspective of the people and places directly involved in the everyday reproductions of rural development. This book contributes to existing understandings of rural development and rural geographies in four significant ways. First, by following histories of development from their local origins to their national and international appearances, the global genealogies that are usually attached to development are rendered more complex. Second, by connecting cooperatives to place, the ways in which participation in development reflects local struggles for power and, hence, are structured through local inequalities, is revealed. Third, by linking dairying and agriculture, the continuing importance of resource distributions in shaping the outcomes of rural development is highlighted. Finally, the crucial role of household divisions of labor in the success of village dairy cooperatives is explicated through showing how struggles over the meanings of rural women's work become key to enabling household-level participation in dairying. This book will be of interest to scholars in a wide range of disciplinary and interdisciplinary fields, including geography, sociology, anthropology, rural studies, development studies, gender studies, and regional studies of India.
Struggling Upward reconsiders the rise and maturation of the modern novel in Japan by connecting the genre to new discourses on ambition and social mobility. Collectively called risshin shusse, these discourses accompanied the spread of industrial capitalism and the emergence of a new nation-state in the archipelago. Drawing primarily on historicist strategies of literary criticism, the book situates the Meiji novel in relation to a range of texts from different culturally demarcated zones: the visual arts, scandal journalism, self-help books, and materials on immigration to the colonies, among others. Timothy J. Van Compernolle connects these Japanese materials to topics of broad theoretical interest within literary and cultural studies, including imperialism, gender, modernity, novel studies, print media, and the public sphere. As the first monograph to link the novel to risshin shusse, Struggling Upward argues that social mobility is the privileged lens through which Meiji novelists explored abstract concepts of national belonging, social hierarchy, and the new space of an industrializing nation.
In the 1960s, the mainstream Protestant churches responded to an urgent need by becoming deeply involved with the national black community in its struggle for racial justice. The National Council of Churches (NCC), as the principal ecumenical organization of the national Protestant religious establishment, initiated an active new role by establishing a Commission on Religion and Race in 1963. Focusing primarily on the efforts of the NCC, this is the first study by an historian to examine the relationship of the predominantly white, mainstream Protestant Churches to the Civil Rights movement. Drawing on hitherto little-used and unknown archival resources and extensive interviews with participants, Findlay documents the churches' committed involvement in the March on Washington in 1963, the massive lobbying effort to secure passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, their powerful support of the struggle to end legal segregation in Mississippi, and their efforts to respond to the Black Manifesto and the rise of black militancy before and during 1969. Findlay chronicles initial successes, then growing frustration as the events of the 1960s unfolded and the national liberal coalition, of which the churches were a part, disintegrated. While never losing sight of the central, indispensable role of the African-American community, Findlay's study for the first time makes clear the highly significant contribution made by liberal religious groups in the turbulent, exciting, moving, and historic decade of the 1960s.
In Projectland, anthropologist Holly High combines an engaging first-person narrative of her fieldwork with a political ethnography of Laos, more than forty years after the establishment of the Lao PDR and more than seven decades since socialist ideologues first “liberated” parts of upland country. In a remote village of Kandon, High finds that although socialism has declined significantly as an economic model, it is ascendant and thriving in the culture of politics and the politics of culture. Kandon is remarkable by any account. The villagers are ethnic Kantu (Katu), an ethnicity associated by early ethnographers above all with human sacrifice. They had repelled French control, and as the war went on, the revolutionary forces of Sekong were headquartered in Kandon territories. In 1996, Kandon village moved and resettled in a plateau area. “New Kandon” has become Sekong Province’s first certified “Culture Village,” the nation’s very first “Open Defecation Free and Model Health Village,” and the president of Laos personally granted the village a Labor Flag and Medal. High provides a unique and timely assessment of the Lao Party-state’s resettlement politics, and she recounts with skillful nuance the stories that are often cast into shadows by the usual focus on New Kandon as a success. Her book follows the lives of a small group of villagers who returned to the old village in the mountains, effectively defying policy but, in their words, obeying the presence that animates the land there. Revealing her sensibility with tremendous composure, High tells the experiences of women who, bound by steep bride-prices to often violent marriages, have tasted little of the socialist project of equality, unity, and independence. These women spoke to the author of “necessities” as a limit to their own lives. In a context where the state has defined the legitimate forms of success and agency, “necessity” emerged as a means of framing one’s life as nonconforming but also nonagentive.
This engaging book sketches compelling portraits of contemporary life in Guizhou, one of China's poorest provinces, more than fifty years after the Communist revolution promised to change the lives of the country's rural and urban dwellers. Through an exploration of local history, economic disparity, migrant labor, village life, civil society, education, poverty, local governance, enterprise reform, the rebirth of religion, and the new-found wealth of a privileged few, this perceptive study allows readers a unique glimpse into the lives and perspectives of China's hidden majority.
India Is Slowly Awakening From The Sleep Extending Over Half A Century And Gradually Taking Its Rightful Place In The Comity Of Nations. Gone Are The Days When Agrarian Economy Characterized The Indian Economy. Today, Industrial And Services Sectors Are Playing Important Role In The Country S Economy. While Fast Development Is Perceptible In These Sectors, Considerable Progress Has Also Been Made In The Agricultural Sector Owing To The Green Revolution. Consequently, There Has Been A Marked Increase In The National Income Since Independence. But Will It Be Correct To Say That India Has Succeeded In Providing All Its Citizens A Better Quality Of Life? Has It Built Up A Nation Where Even The Poorest Citizen Can Lead A Life Of Simple Dignity With At Least His Basic Needs Being Satisfied? Has It Been Able To Ensure That Not A Single Citizen Will Remain Hungry Even For A Day? Has It Guaranteed An Affordable Shelter To All, And Access To Education To All Its Citizens? Has It Instilled The Spirit Of Unity And Oneness Among The Millions Of Citizens Of Diverse Caste, Creed, Community, Religion Or State? Has The Government Policy Brought A Significant Improvement In The General Lot Or The People Are Still Striving For Their Socio-Economic Rights? Numerous Questions Need To Be Answered To Realise The Steady Progress Of India In Diverse Fields In True Spirit.The Present Book Attempts To Trace The Quality Of Life As Enjoyed By An Average Citizen Of India After More Than Fifty Years Of Independence. Beginning With The Pre-Independence Era, The Book Analyses India S Steady Progress In The Diverse Areas Agriculture, Industry, Infrastructure, Education, Health, Rural Development To Name A Few In The Light Of Progress Made By Countries Like South Korea, Japan, China, Malaysia, Taiwan, Etc., Which Judged By Any Standards Are Far Ahead Of India Socio-Economically. Besides, The Basic Question Is Democracy Losing Ground Has Been Approached To From A Different Perspective.It Is Hoped That The Present Book On Socio-Economics Will Appeal To All General Readers Concerned With The Development Of The Indian Economy.
This illuminating work offers readers a comprehensive overview of ISIS, with more than 100 in-depth articles on a variety of topics related to the notorious terrorist group, and more than a dozen key primary source documents. ISIS formed through a combination of a rise in violent extremist ideologies demonstrated on September 11, 2001; the invasion of Iraq; and the Syrian Civil War. ISIS is possibly the most important conflict group and phenomena of the last half century, and understanding its source and success is crucial to functioning in the world today. This book provides insight into ISIS from its beginnings to the present, through coverage of its people, organizations, and operations. The book begins with an overview of ISIS, which provides context for each of the reference entries that follow. The introductory material also includes entries on the causes and consequences of the conflict between ISIS and the West. The book contains more than 100 reference entries on general and specific topics ranging from key leaders to major terrorist attacks and affiliated organizations. It also includes a carefully curated selection of primary sources that come from a variety of sources including national-level strategy documents, presidential addresses, and ISIS itself. The book concludes with a detailed chronology and annotated bibliography.
