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Excerpt from The Microscope, Vol. 1: An Illustrated Monthly Designed to Popularize the Subject of Microscopy, New Series (Nos; 1-12) Cloudiness or particles of dust on any part of the ocular may be detected in this way. Dust or Cloudiness on the Objective. - Employ the same ocular and objective as before, and the fly's wing as object. Focus and light well, and observe carefully the appearance. Rub glycerin on one side of a slide near the end. Hold the clean side of this end close against the objective. The image will be obscured, and cannot be made clear by focusing. Then use a clean slide, and the image may be made clear by elevating the body slightly. The obscurity produced in this way is like that caused by clouding the front-lens of the objective. Dust would make a dark patch on the image that would remain stationary while the object or ocular was moved. If too small a diaphragm is employed, only the central part of the field will be illuminated, and around the small light circle will be seen a dark ring. Relative Position of Objects or parts of the same object. - The general rule is that objects highest up come into focus last in focusing up, first in focusing down. Objects Having Plane or Irregular Outlines. - As object use three printed letters mounted in stairs in Canada balsam. The first letter is placed directly upon the slide, and covered with a small piece of glass about as thick as a slide. The second letter is placed upon this and covered in like manner. The third letter is placed upon the second thick cover and covered with an ordinary cover-glass. The letters should be as near together as possible, but not overlapping. Employ the same ocular and objective as before. Lower the tube till the objective almost touches the top letter, then look into the microscope, and slowly focus up. The lowest letter will first appear, and then, as it disappears, the middle one will appear, and so on. Focus down, and the top letter will first appear, then the middle one, etc. The relative position of objects is determined exactly in this way in practical work. Transparent Objects Having Curved Outlines. - The success of these experiments will depend entirely upon the care and skill used in preparing the objects, in lighting, and in focusing. Employ a 5 mm. (1-5 in.) or higher objective and a high ocular for all the experiments. It may be necessary to shade the object to get satisfactory results. When a diaphragm is used the opening should be small. Air Bubbles. - Prepare these by placing a drop of thin mucilage on the centre of a slide and beating it with a scalpel blade until the mucilage looks milky from the inclusion of air bubbles. Put on a cover-glass but do not press it down. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from The Microscope and Its Revelations, Vol. 1 The rapid increase which has recently taken place in the use of the Microscope, - both as an instrument of scientific research, and as a means of gratifying a laudable curiosity and of obtaining a healthful recreation, - has naturally led to a demand for information, both as to the mode of employing the Instrument and its appurtenances, and as to the Objects for whose minute examination it is most appropriate. This information the Author has endeavored to supply in the following Treatise; in which he has aimed to combine, within a moderate compass, that information in regard to the use of his Instrument and its Appliances which is most essential to the working Microscopist, with such an account of the Objects best fitted for his study as may qualify him to comprehend what he observes, and thus prepare him to benefit Science whilst expanding and refreshing his own mind. The sale of five large Editions of this Manual, with the many spontaneous testimonies to its usefulness which the Author has received from persons previously unknown to him, justify the belief that it has not inadequately supplied an existing want; and in the preparation of the new Edition now called-for, therefore, he has found no reason to deviate from his original plan, whilst he has endeavored to improve its execution as to every point which seemed capable of amended treatment. In his account of the various forms of Microscopes and Accessory Apparatus, the Author has not attempted to describe everything which is used in this country; still less, to go into minute details respecting the construction of foreign instruments. He is satisfied that in nearly all which relates both to the mechanical and the optical arrangements of their instruments, the chief English Microscope-makers are quite on a level with, if not in advance of, their Continental rivals; but, on the other hand, the latter have supplied instruments which are adequate to all the ordinary purposes of scientific research, at a lower price than such could until recently be obtained in this country. Several British makers, however, are now devoting themselves to the production of Microscopes which shall be really good though cheap; and the Author cannot but view with great satisfaction the extension of the manufacture in this direction. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from The Microscope, Vol. 1: And Its Relation to Medicine and Pharmacy But to understand what belongs to the pure powder one should become acquainted with the physical appearance as well as the structure of the root itself. The botanical name is Cephaetis ipecacuanha while the common name is ipecacuanha. It belongs to the natural order Rubiacae. It is indigenous to the damp forests of Brazil, New Granada, and the northeastern portion of Bolivia between about 8 and 22 south latitude. So it is entirely an imported drug. The roots are numerous, spreading horizontally from their origin. At first slender and white, but when fully grown about of an inch in diameter. In preparing the drug for market the smaller roots are discarded, only those of an average thickness being used. They are long, seldom branched, of an orange-brown, or of a dull gray-brown occasionally almost black, irregularly bent and twisted and covered with a very thick bark. There are numerous deep longitudinal furrows running the entire length of the root, transversely marked by ring-like furrows closely packed together. The depressions between the rings being sometimes as deep as the woody cord. These corrugations frequently number twenty to the inch, and give the appearance of rings strung on a cord, hence the name annulated ipecacuanha, which is applied to this root and by which it is distinguished from the non-official ipecacuanhas. The woody cord is about 1/20 of an inch in diameter, and when wet shows distinct medullary rays. There is no pith present. The thick bark composes about three-fourths the bulk and weight of the root, and separates readily from the woody cord. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Microscope and Its Revelations is a classic work on the science of microscopy. Author William Benjamin Carpenter provides a detailed examination of the principles and techniques of microscopy, as well as its applications in scientific research. This informative and engaging work is a must-read for anyone interested in the history and science of microscopy. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
