The Forty Sieges of Constantinople

The Forty Sieges of Constantinople

Author: John D. Grainger

Publisher: Pen and Sword Military

Published: 2022-07-28

Total Pages: 348

ISBN-13: 1399090283

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The great city of Byzantion/Constantinople/Istanbul stands on a commanding cape overlooking a busy waterway. It has been the target of repeated attempts to capture it for the past two and a half millennia. Most of these attacks failed, but some did so in spectacular fashion, such as the great Arab sieges. The inhabitants fought hard in almost every siege, with the result that when the city was captured it was also destroyed, or at least suffered a hideous sack. Almost every nation between the Atlantic and the Steppes of Asia have made attempts to capture the city, some repeatedly but only a few - a Roman emperor, the Crusaders, the Turks - have succeeded. And there is no sign that some have given up the hope of taking it - the last sieges were just before and then during the Great War, by the Bulgars, and then by the Allies, who got no closer than Gallipoli, but the city had to submit to enemy occupation when the empire it ruled collapsed. It is still surrounded by envious neighbours, who wish to control it. The city has been besieged forty times, and has been captured on three or four occasions; it cannot be said to be safe yet. It is still 'The City of the World's Desire'.


Historical Dictionary of Byzantium

Historical Dictionary of Byzantium

Author: John Hutchins Rosser

Publisher: Scarecrow Press

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 643

ISBN-13: 0810875675

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The Byzantine Empire dates back to Constantine the Great, the first Christian ruler of the Roman Empire, who, in 330 AD, moved the imperial capital from Rome to a port city in modern-day Turkey, which he then renamed Constantinople in his honor. From its founding, the Byzantine Empire was a major anchor of east-west trade, and culture, art, architecture, and the economy all prospered in the newly Christian empire. As Byzantium moved into the middle and late period, Greek became the official language of both church and state and the Empire's cultural and religious influence extended well beyond its boundaries. In the mid-15th century, the Ottoman Turks put an end to 1,100 years of Byzantine history by capturing Constantinople, but the Empire's legacy in art, culture, and religion endured long after its fall. In this revised and updated second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Byzantium, author John H. Rosser introduces both the general reader and the researcher to the history of the Byzantine Empire. This comprehensive dictionary includes detailed, alphabetical entries on key figures, ideas, places, and themes related to Byzantine art, history, and religion, and the second edition contains numerous additional entries on broad topics such as transportation and gender, which were less prominent in the previous edition. An expanded introduction introduces the reader to Byzantium and a guide to further sources and suggested readings can be found in the extensive bibliography that follows the entries. A basic chronology and various maps and illustrations are also included in the dictionary. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Byzantium.


The Byzantine Hellene

The Byzantine Hellene

Author: Dimiter Angelov

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2019-08

Total Pages: 463

ISBN-13: 1108480713

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Tells the story of Theodore Laskaris, a thirteenth-century Byzantine emperor, imaginative philosopher, and ideologue of Hellenism.


Middle East Conflicts from Ancient Egypt to the 21st Century [4 volumes]

Middle East Conflicts from Ancient Egypt to the 21st Century [4 volumes]

Author: Spencer C. Tucker

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2019-08-27

Total Pages: 3385

ISBN-13:

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With more than 1,100 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of conflict in the Middle East, this definitive scholarly reference provides readers with a substantial foundation for understanding contemporary history in the most volatile region in the world. This authoritative and comprehensive encyclopedia covers all the key wars, insurgencies, and battles that have occurred in the Middle East roughly between 3100 BCE and the early decades of the twenty-first century. It also discusses the evolution of military technology and the development and transformation of military tactics and strategy from the ancient world to the present. In addition to the hundreds of entries on major conflicts, military engagements, and diplomatic developments, the book also features entries on key military, political, and religious leaders. Essays on the major empires and nations of the region are included, as are overview essays on the major periods under consideration. The book additionally covers such non-military subjects as diplomacy, national and international politics, religion and sectarian conflict, cultural phenomena, genocide, international peacekeeping missions, social movements, and the rise to prominence of international terrorism. The reference entries are augmented by a carefully curated documents volume that offers primary sources on such diverse topics as the Greco-Persian Wars, the Crusades, and the Arab-Israeli Wars.


The Early Palaeologan Renaissance (1261 - c. 1360)

The Early Palaeologan Renaissance (1261 - c. 1360)

Author: Edmund Fryde

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2021-12-28

Total Pages: 474

ISBN-13: 9004474269

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The Byzantine world underwent a remarkable recovery of intellectual energy in the period following the recovery of Constantinople in 1261. The reaction of the emperors and their entourage of well-educated high officials to their political disasters was a deliberate revival of the glories of ancient Greek culture. The main subject of this book is the preservation and dissemination by this learned elite of such ancient literature, philosophy and science as still survived then, the development of editorial techniques which resulted in more complete and less corrupt texts, and their improvement buy the addition of commentaries and other innovations.


Dualist Heresy in the Middle Ages

Dualist Heresy in the Middle Ages

Author: M. Loos

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1974-06-30

Total Pages: 406

ISBN-13: 9789024716739

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Spis se v podstatě zabývá dualistickou heretikou středověku a vychází ze základních medievalních doktrín. Věnuje pozornost paulikiánskému hnutí, které vzniklo v sedmém století v Západní Arménii. Studuje toto hnutí a v něm se projevující protifeudální boj mas, hlavně rolnictva a jeho vliv na bogomilství. Probírá z historického hlediska heretický a dualistický charakter bogomilství, které vzniklo v Bulharsku v 10. století, stavělo se proti církvi a jejím obřadům i proti soukromému vlastnictví. Kniha sleduje další jeho pronikání do Bosny a na Západ.


George Akropolites: The History

George Akropolites: The History

Author: Ruth Macrides

Publisher: OUP Oxford

Published: 2007-04-19

Total Pages: 464

ISBN-13: 0191568716

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This is the first English translation and study of George Akropolites' History, the main Greek source for the history of Byzantium between 1204 and 1261. Akropolites relates what happened to Byzantium after the Latin conquest of its capital, Constantinople, by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. He narrates the fragmentation of the Byzantine world, describing how the newly established 'empire' in Anatolia prevailed over its foreign and Byzantine enemies to recapture the capital in 1261. Akropolites was an eyewitness to most of the events he relates and a man close to the emperors he served, and his account has therefore influenced modern perceptions of this period. It has been an essential source for all those studying the eastern Mediterranean in the thirteenth century. However, until now historians have made use of his History without knowing anything about its author. Ruth Macrides remedies this deficiency by providing a detailed guide to Akropolites' work and an analysis of its composition, which places it in the context of medieval Greek historical writing.