The Land Use Implications of Alternative Municipal Financial Tools
The Land Use Implications of Alternative Municipal Financial Tools

Author: Enid Slack

Publisher: Intergovernmental Committee on Urban and Regional Research,$c1993.

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 74

ISBN-13:

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The first section of this paper presents a model of local government finance based on the benefits received from local government services. It includes discussion of the role of local government and the appropriate financing tools to carry out this role. The second section reviews the sources of revenues used by municipal governments, outlines recent trends in the use of these revenues, and evaluates the extent to which these trends have been consistent with the benefit model of local finance. The third section reviews planning tools used by municipal governments, highlights recent trends in planning, and discusses the relationship between planning and municipal finance. The fourth section analyzes the impact on land use decisions of three sources of revenue currently used by Canadian municipalities: user fees, property taxes, and development charges. The fifth section considers the potential impact of two sources not currently used: site value taxes and land value capture taxes. The sixth section summarizes the findings and discusses the implications of using tax policy to achieve land use objectives.

Developing Indicators of Urban Sustainability
Developing Indicators of Urban Sustainability

Author: Virginia Maclaren

Publisher:

Published: 1996

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13:

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Having identified sustainability as an important goal, municipalities and other levels of government are turning to the issue of how to measure a community's progress towards achieving this goal. This report seeks to establish a methodology for developing sustainability indicators. It begins with a discussion of alternative definitions of urban sustainability and then describes some of the general characteristics of indicators and indices. Following a brief investigation of the meaning of sustainability indicators, several potential indicator frameworks are examined, including those which could be adapted from the work on state of the environment reporting, quality of life reporting, and healthy city reporting. Next, more detailed attention is given to appropriate criteria for identifying sustainability indicators and to the steps to be followed in applying those criteria. A number of examples of potential indicators are then described and evaluated against the criteria. Finally, detailed case studies of urban sustainability reporting are presented as well as a brief description of sustainability reporting projects in British Columbia.

Urban Affairs
Urban Affairs

Author: Caroline Andrew

Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP

Published: 2002-11-25

Total Pages: 409

ISBN-13: 0773570144

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Canada's last experience with national urban policy-making was in the 1970s. The authors focus on what has happened since, exploring how both our city-regions and our ideas about the urban policy-making process have changed. The authors also examine both the past and present roles of the federal government, and what it can and should do in the future. Contributors include Caroline Andrew, Paul Born (Tamarack Institute for Community Engagement, Cambridge), Kenneth Cameron (FCIP, Policy and Planning, Greater Vancouver Regional District), W. Michael Fenn, (Ontario Deputy Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housing), Pierre Filion (University of Waterloo), Katherine Graham, Pierre Hamel (Université de Montréal), Christopher Leo (University of Winnipeg), Barbara Levine (World University Service of Canada), Sherilyn MacGregor (PhD, Environmental Studies, York University), Warren Magnusson (University of Victoria), Beth Moore Milroy (Toronto Metropolitan University), Merle Nicholds (former Mayor of Kanata), Evelyn Peters (University of Saskatchewan), Susan Phillips, Valerie Preston (York University), Andrew Sancton (University of Western Ontario), Lisa Shaw (Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives), Enid Slack (Enid Slack Consulting Inc.), Sherri Torjman (Caledon Institute of Social Policy), Carolyn Whitzman (doctoral candidate, School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University), David Wolfe (University of Toronto), and Madeleine Wong (University of Wisconsin).

Implementing Value Capture in Latin America
Implementing Value Capture in Latin America

Author: Martim Oscar Smolka

Publisher: Lincoln Inst of Land Policy

Published: 2013

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 9781558442849

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The report examines a variety of specific instruments and applications in municipalities throughout the region under three categories: property taxation and betterment contributions; exactions and other direct negotiations for charges for building rights or the transfer of development rights; and large-scale approaches such as development of public land through privatization or acquisition, land readjustment, and public auctions of bonds for purchasing building rights. It concludes with a summary of lessons learned and recommends steps that can be taken in three spheres: Learn from Implementation Experiences Increase Knowledge about Theory and Practice Promote Greater Public Understanding and Participation

New Directions in Municipal Services
New Directions in Municipal Services

Author: Glenna Carr

Publisher:

Published: 1997

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13:

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Presents an overview of municipal services that have been contracted out and provided by means other than direct, in- house delivery. The study focuses on Ontario and is based in part on a written questionnaire survey completed by municipal officials in 17 Ontario municipalities, and on follow-up telephone interviews. The authors also reviewed the literature and interviewed municipal officials with experience in alternative service delivery (ASD) elsewhere in Canada and the United States. Highlights of case studies for Canadian and US cities include information on the ASD methods used, the context in which they were used, and the outcomes. The final section summarizes findings and discusses the characteristics of successful ASD/competitive contracting, the differences between Canadian and US experience, obstacles facing Ontario municipalities, and the potential savings from ASD/competitiveness for Ontario municipalities. A copy of the survey questionnaire is included.

Instruments of Land Policy
Instruments of Land Policy

Author: Jean-David Gerber

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2018-01-17

Total Pages: 354

ISBN-13: 1315511630

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In dealing with scarce land, planners often need to interact with, and sometimes confront, property right-holders to address complex property rights situations. To reinforce their position in situations of rivalrous land uses, planners can strategically use and combine different policy instruments in addition to standard land use plans. Effectively steering spatial development requires a keen understanding of these instruments of land policy. This book not only presents how such instruments function, it additionally examines how public authorities strategically manage the scarcity of land, either increasing or decreasing it, to promote a more sparing use of resources. It presents 13 instruments of land policy in specific national contexts and discusses them from the perspectives of other countries. Through the use of concrete examples, the book reveals how instruments of land policy are used strategically in different policy contexts.