With contributions from a number of pioneering researchers in the field, this collection is aimed not only at researchers and scientists in nonlinear dynamics but also at a broader audience interested in understanding and exploring how modern chaos theory has developed since the days of Poincaré. This book was motivated by and is an outcome of the CHAOS 2015 meeting held at the Henri Poincaré Institute in Paris, which provided a perfect opportunity to gain inspiration and discuss new perspectives on the history, development and modern aspects of chaos theory. Henri Poincaré is remembered as a great mind in mathematics, physics and astronomy. His works, well beyond their rigorous mathematical and analytical style, are known for their deep insights into science and research in general, and the philosophy of science in particular. The Poincaré conjecture (only proved in 2006) along with his work on the three-body problem are considered to be the foundation of modern chaos theory.
This is the proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Exploiting Nonlinear Dynamics for Engineering Systems that was held in Novi Sad, Serbia, from July 15th to 19th, 2018. The appearance of nonlinear phenomena used to be perceived as dangerous, with a general tendency to avoid them or control them. This perception has led to intensive research using various approaches and tailor-made tools developed over decades. However, the Nonlinear Dynamics of today is experiencing a profound shift of paradigm since recent investigations rely on a different strategy which brings good effects of nonlinear phenomena to the forefront. This strategy has a positive impact on different fields in science and engineering, such as vibration isolation, energy harvesting, micro/nano-electro-mechanical systems, etc. Therefore, the ENOLIDES Symposium was devoted to demonstrate the benefits and to unlock the potential of exploiting nonlinear dynamical behaviour in these but also in other emerging fields of science and engineering. This proceedings is useful for researchers in the fields of nonlinear dynamics of mechanical systems and structures, and in Mechanical and Civil Engineering.
Chaos and Dynamical Systems presents an accessible, clear introduction to dynamical systems and chaos theory, important and exciting areas that have shaped many scientific fields. While the rules governing dynamical systems are well-specified and simple, the behavior of many dynamical systems is remarkably complex. Of particular note, simple deterministic dynamical systems produce output that appears random and for which long-term prediction is impossible. Using little math beyond basic algebra, David Feldman gives readers a grounded, concrete, and concise overview. In initial chapters, Feldman introduces iterated functions and differential equations. He then surveys the key concepts and results to emerge from dynamical systems: chaos and the butterfly effect, deterministic randomness, bifurcations, universality, phase space, and strange attractors. Throughout, Feldman examines possible scientific implications of these phenomena for the study of complex systems, highlighting the relationships between simplicity and complexity, order and disorder. Filling the gap between popular accounts of dynamical systems and chaos and textbooks aimed at physicists and mathematicians, Chaos and Dynamical Systems will be highly useful not only to students at the undergraduate and advanced levels, but also to researchers in the natural, social, and biological sciences.
An ideal text for students that ties together classical and modern topics of advanced vibration analysis in an interesting and lucid manner. It provides students with a background in elementary vibrations with the tools necessary for understanding and analyzing more complex dynamical phenomena that can be encountered in engineering and scientific practice. It progresses steadily from linear vibration theory over various levels of nonlinearity to bifurcation analysis, global dynamics and chaotic vibrations. It trains the student to analyze simple models, recognize nonlinear phenomena and work with advanced tools such as perturbation analysis and bifurcation analysis. Explaining theory in terms of relevant examples from real systems, this book is user-friendly and meets the increasing interest in non-linear dynamics in mechanical/structural engineering and applied mathematics and physics. This edition includes a new chapter on the useful effects of fast vibrations and many new exercise problems.
Widespread chronic diseases (e.g., heart diseases, diabetes and its complications, stroke, cancer, brain diseases) constitute a significant cause of rising healthcare costs and pose a significant burden on quality-of-life for many individuals. Despite the increased need for smart healthcare sensing systems that monitor / measure patients’ body balance, there is no coherent theory that facilitates the modeling of human physiological processes and the design and optimization of future healthcare cyber-physical systems (HCPS). The HCPS are expected to mine the patient’s physiological state based on available continuous sensing, quantify risk indices corresponding to the onset of abnormality, signal the need for critical medical intervention in real-time by communicating patient’s medical information via a network from individual to hospital, and most importantly control (actuate) vital health signals (e.g., cardiac pacing, insulin level, blood pressure) within personalized homeostasis. To prevent health complications, maintain good health and/or avoid fatal conditions calls for a cross-disciplinary approach to HCPS design where recent statistical-physics inspired discoveries done by collaborations between physicists and physicians are shared and enriched by applied mathematicians, control theorists and bioengineers. This critical and urgent multi-disciplinary approach has to unify the current state of knowledge and address the following fundamental challenges: One fundamental challenge is represented by the need to mine and understand the complexity of the structure and dynamics of the physiological systems in healthy homeostasis and associated with a disease (such as diabetes). Along the same lines, we need rigorous mathematical techniques for identifying the interactions between integrated physiologic systems and understanding their role within the overall networking architecture of healthy dynamics. Another fundamental challenge calls for a deeper understanding of stochastic feedback and variability in biological systems and physiological processes, in particular, and for deciphering their implications not only on how to mathematically characterize homeostasis, but also on defining new control strategies that are accounting for intra- and inter-patient specificity – a truly mathematical approach to personalized medicine. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated that heart rate variability, blood glucose, neural signals and other interdependent physiological processes demonstrate fractal and non-stationary characteristics. Exploiting statistical physics concepts, numerous recent research studies demonstrated that healthy human physiological processes exhibit complex critical phenomena with deep implications for how homeostasis should be defined and how control strategies should be developed when prolonged abnormal deviations are observed. In addition, several efforts have tried to connect these fractal characteristics with new optimal control strategies that implemented in medical devices such as pacemakers and artificial pancreas could improve the efficiency of medical therapies and the quality-of-life of patients but neglecting the overall networking architecture of human physiology. Consequently, rigorously analyzing the complexity and dynamics of physiological processes (e.g., blood glucose and its associated implications and interdependencies with other physiological processes) represents a fundamental step towards providing a quantifiable (mathematical) definition of homeostasis in the context of critical phenomena, understanding the onset of chronic diseases, predicting deviations from healthy homeostasis and developing new more efficient medical therapies that carefully account for the physiological complexity, intra- and inter-patient variability, rather than ignoring it. This Research Topic aims to open a synergetic and timely effort between physicians, physicists, applied mathematicians, signal processing, bioengineering and biomedical experts to organize the state of knowledge in mining the complexity of physiological systems and their implications for constructing more accurate mathematical models and designing QoL-aware control strategies implemented in the new generation of HCPS devices. By bringing together multi-disciplinary researchers seeking to understand the many aspects of human physiology and its complexity, we aim at enabling a paradigm shift in designing future medical devices that translates mathematical characteristics in predictable mathematical models quantifying not only the degree of homeostasis, but also providing fundamentally new control strategies within the personalized medicine era.
This is the first collection focusing on knowledge socialism, a particularly apt term used to describe a Chinese socialist mode of production and socialist approach to development and modernity based around the rise of peer production, new forms of collaboration and collective intelligence. Making the case for knowledge socialism, the book is intended for students, teacher, scholars and policy theorists in the field of knowledge economy.
Our socio–economic innovation ecosystem is riddled with ever-increasing complexity, as we are faced with more frequent and intense shocks, such as COVID-19. Unfortunately, addressing complexity requires a different kind of economic governance. There is increasing pressure on economics to not only going beyond its traditional mainstream boundaries but also to tackle real-world problems, such as fostering structural change, enhancing sustained growth, promoting inclusive development in the era of the digital economy, and boosting green growth, while addressing the divide between the financial sector and the real economy. This book demonstrates how to apply complexity science to economics in an effective and instructive way, in the interest of life-enhancing policies. The book revolves around the non-negligible problem of why economics, to date, seems to be inadequate in guiding economic governance to navigate through real and ever-intensifying complex socio–economic and environmental challenges. With its interdisciplinary approach, the book scans the nuanced nexus between complexity and economics by incorporating, as well as transcending, the state-of-the-art literature. It identifies ways to trigger opportunities for behavioural change in the economic profession with respect to how and what to teach, introducing and developing further complexity economics taking into account the configuration of its main principles and outlining the silhouette of next-generation economic governance. The book deciphers recommendations for economic theory, practice, education and economic governance. It will be of interest to students, scholars, academics, think-tank researchers and economic policy practitioners at the national and/or supranational levels.
In Pi (π) in Nature, Art, and Culture Marcel Danesi investigates the manifestations of π in science, nature, symbolism, and culture, arguing that these are intrinsically intertwined.
Resonance is a common phenomenon, which is observed both in nature and in numerous devices and structures. It occurs in literally all types of vibrations. To mention just a few examples, acoustic, mechanical, or electromagnetic resonance can be distinguished. In the present book, 12 chapters dealing with different aspects of resonance phenomena have been presented.
