Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders

Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2016-09-03

Total Pages: 171

ISBN-13: 0309439124

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Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.


Preventing AIDS

Preventing AIDS

Author: Ralph J. DiClemente

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 1994-03-31

Total Pages: 366

ISBN-13: 9780306446061

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This is the first comprehensive review and examination of the effectiveness of behavioral interventions to reduce HIV-related high-risk behaviors. It describes current theoretical models and emprical studies of behavioral interventions; details the state-of-the-art of behavioral intervention strategies for high-risk populations; and identifies limitations and gaps in prior research and discusses implications for future investigations. This vital text will help researchers and clinicians plan, develop, and evaluate behavioral change approaches to HIV prevention.


Reducing the Stigma of Mental Illness

Reducing the Stigma of Mental Illness

Author: Norman Sartorius

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2005-05-26

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 9780521549431

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Details the results of the Open Doors Programme, set up to fight the stigma/discrimination attached to schizophrenia.


Oxford Textbook of Public Mental Health

Oxford Textbook of Public Mental Health

Author: Dinesh Bhugra

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2018-09-13

Total Pages: 632

ISBN-13: 0192511408

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Prevention of mental illness and mental health promotion have often been ignored in the past, both in undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Recently, however, there has been a clear shift towards public mental health, as a result of increasing scientific evidence that both these actions have a serious potential to reduce the onset of illness and subsequent burden as a result of mental illness and related social, economic and political costs. A clear distinction between prevention of mental illness and mental health promotion is critical. Selective prevention, both at societal and individual level, is an important way forward. The Oxford Textbook of Public Mental Health brings together the increasing interest in public mental health and the growing emphasis on the prevention of mental ill health and promotion of well-being into a single comprehensive textbook. Comprising international experiences of mental health promotion and mental well-being, chapters are supplemented with practical examples and illustrations to provide the most relevant information succinctly. This book will serve as an essential resource for mental and public health professionals, as well as for commissioners of services, nurses and community health visitors.


Improving Health through Nursing Research

Improving Health through Nursing Research

Author: William L. Holzemer

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons

Published: 2009-08-25

Total Pages: 272

ISBN-13: 9781444309973

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Improving Health through Nursing Research is a practicalguide to research and research utilisation in nursing. The bookdraws upon international expertise in nursing research, reflectingthe worldwide demand for evidence-based practice. Part one offers a global perspective on health and nursing andaddresses the development of nursing knowledge and nursing theory.Part two investigates the underlying need for nursing research,focusing on improving patient care, enhancing care delivery anddeveloping the profession of nursing. Parts three and four providean overview of quantitative and qualitative research methods, theirselection, use and interpretation . The last three parts of thebook address key issues in research ethics and provide practicalguidance as to how to prepare a research proposal, undertakeresearch, present and publish findings, and translate research intopractice. Improving Health through Nursing Research; Is a practical, accessible guide for nurse researchers andnurses with an interest in research Draws upon international expertise in nursing research Explores research within the international context Explores issues at local, national and regional level Provides guidelines for developing research Includes global examples This publication in partnership with the International Councilof Nurses is the essential resource for nurses seeking tounderstand research and research utilisation.


HIV and Aging

HIV and Aging

Author: M. Brennan-Ing

Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers

Published: 2016-11-22

Total Pages: 256

ISBN-13: 3318059463

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Despite decades of attention on building a global HIV research and programming agenda, HIV in older populations has generally been neglected until recently. This new book focuses on HIV and aging in the context of ageism with regard to prevention, treatment guidelines, funding, and the engagement of communities and health and social service organizations. The lack of perceived HIV risk in late adulthood among older people themselves, as well on the part of providers and society in general, has led to a lack of investment in education, testing, and programmatic responses. Ageism perpetuates the invisibility of older adults and, in turn, renders current medical and social service systems unprepared to respond to patients’ needs. While ageism may lead to some advantages – discounts for services, for example – it is the negative aspects that must be addressed when determining the appropriate community-level response to the epidemic.


Understanding HIV/AIDS Stigma

Understanding HIV/AIDS Stigma

Author: Harriet Deacon

Publisher: HSRC Press

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 122

ISBN-13: 9780796921048

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At a time when alarming numbers of people with HIV/AIDS seek help under cover of darkness, deeply ashamed of their plight, it is crucial to find ways to better comprehend and address the specific nature of stigma around HIV/AIDS in southern Africa.


HIV-related Stigma, Discrimination and Human Rights Violations

HIV-related Stigma, Discrimination and Human Rights Violations

Author: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 2005-01-01

Total Pages: 75

ISBN-13: 9789291733446

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HIV-related stigma and discrimination and human rights violations constitute great barriers to preventing HIV infection; providing care, support and treatment; and alleviating the impacts of the epidemic. This publication documents case studies of successful action in different countries addressing HIV-related human rights violations, stigma and discrimination.


HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On

HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On

Author: Poul Rohleder

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-09-01

Total Pages: 396

ISBN-13: 1441903062

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Much has happened since the first appearance of AIDS in 1981: it has been identified, studied, and occasionally denied. The virus has shifted host populations and spread globally. Medicine, the social sciences, and world governments have joined forces to combat and prevent the disease. And South Africa has emerged as ground zero for the pandemic. The editors of HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On present the South African crisis as a template for addressing the myriad issues surrounding the epidemic worldwide, as the book brings together a widely scattered body of literature, analyzes psychosocial and sexual aspects contributing to HIV transmission and prevention, and delves into complex intersections of race, gender, class, and politics. Including largely overlooked populations and issues (e.g., prisoners, persons with disabilities, stigma), as well as challenges shaping future research and policy, the contributors approach their topics with rare depth, meticulous research, carefully drawn conclusions, and profound compassion. Among the topics covered: The relationship between HIV and poverty, starting from the question, "Which is the determinant and which is the consequence?" Epidemiology of HIV among women and men: concepts of femininity and masculinity, and gender inequities as they affect HIV risk; gender-specific prevention and intervention strategies. The impact of AIDS on infants and young children: risk and protective factors; care of children by HIV-positive mothers; HIV-infected children. Current prevention and treatment projects, including local-level responses, community-based work, and VCT (voluntary counseling and testing) programs. New directions: promoting circumcision, vaccine trials, "positive prevention." South Africa’s history of AIDS denialism. The urgent lessons in this book apply both globally and locally, making HIV/AIDS in South Africa 25 Years On uniquely instructive and useful for professionals working in HIV/AIDS and global public health.