The Creation of the Independent Republic of Macedonia. Internal Conditions and External Policy
The Creation of the Independent Republic of Macedonia. Internal Conditions and External Policy

Author: Dejan Marolov

Publisher: GRIN Verlag

Published: 2020-01-03

Total Pages: 274

ISBN-13: 3346091147

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Document from the year 2019 in the subject Politics - Region: Southeastern Europe, University Goce Delchev, language: English, abstract: In this work, the authors raise several questions and dilemmas related to the process of the independence of the Republic of Macedonia. Thus, it necessarily begins with the structural reform of the former Yugoslav federation, created by the intense changes caused by liberalism and nationalist currents in the 1970s. This results in constitutional changes and substantial decentralization of the federation, with the constitution of 1074 becoming the owners of their own sovereignty as federal entities. This fact precisely, in the formal legal sense, will be crucial for the successful independence of the Republic of Macedonia. However, the process is influenced by various factors, from geopolitical global shifts to regional and local conflicts, and the onset of the violent disintegration of SFR Yugoslavia. Furthermore, this book deals with specific issues related to the controversy over the referendum, the status and threat of the Yugoslav People's Army presence, foreign policy relations and issues related to international recognition, the blockade by the Republic of Greece and the beginning of the name dispute, and also the dilemmas related to the accession of the Republic of Macedonia to the UN. The process of creating the independent Republic of Macedonia is parallel to all of the global processes of disintegration of the former East European one-party systems, including the former SFR Yugoslavia and the promotion of political pluralism and democracy as basic constituents of the modern societies. The Macedonian independence was established with the referendum of September 8, 1991. After this, the period of internal consolidation and the diplomatic fight for international recognition followed. The diplomatic initiatives, as well as overall relations with the EC and the USА, resulted with the membership of Republic of Macedonia (under the temporary reference of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) in United Nations. In the period that followed, as a result of the wider international intervention in former Yugoslavia and the blockade from Greece, Macedonia was in a very difficult and complex situation. Due to the so-called Name Issue, Greece imposed onside trade embargo and blockade for further integration in other international organizations and initiatives. The status quo situation was changed with Interim accord, after which the period of stabilization and establishing of relation with USA and most of EU countries followed.

Republic of Macedonia Foreign Policy
Republic of Macedonia Foreign Policy

Author: Dejan Marolov

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2014-07-08

Total Pages: 150

ISBN-13: 1443863793

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“The Republic of Macedonia is a particularly interesting case-study for analysts of international relations. Its very existence has been contested by its neighbors; its internal balance is delicate. Potentially, the country could, however, become a model of stability in a traditionally conflictual region. Dejan Marolov presents an encompassing, in-depth analysis of the country's foreign policy since the break-up of Yugoslavia. He examines relations with neighboring countries, as well as Macedonia’s still incomplete integration into a transatlantic and European framework. Everybody interested in the international relations of the Western Balkans should read Marolov’s book.” – Dr Matthias Waechter, European Institute, Nice, France, and Dr Tugce Varol Sevim, Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey

Macedonian Foreign Policy
Macedonian Foreign Policy

Author: Dejan Marolov

Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published: 2023-05-25

Total Pages: 149

ISBN-13: 1527512584

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This book provides a theoretical overview and understanding of the modern Macedonian political events through its history, as well as a comprehensive analysis of the events in the period of the early 1990s that led to the creation of an independent Republic of Macedonia. The analysis will also determine the role of the Macedonian political elite in the creation of an independent Republic. A special segment of this book will focus on foreign policy and diplomacy, which is significant in all the events that took place in relation to the young republic. This book is conceptualized in a way that it can be used as additional material for the international law and political studies courses at universities, as well as for researchers and practitioners in the field of international politics, especially those interested in Balkan politics.

Central and Southeast European Politics since 1989
Central and Southeast European Politics since 1989

Author: Sabrina P. Ramet

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2010-02-18

Total Pages: 600

ISBN-13: 9780521716161

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The only textbook to provide a complete introduction to post-1989 Central and Southeast European politics, this dynamic volume provides a comprehensive account of the collapse of communism and the massive transformation that the region has witnessed. It brings together 23 leading specialists to trace the course of the dramatic changes accompanying democratization. The text provides country-by-country coverage, identifying common themes and enabling students to see which are shared throughout the area, giving them a sense of its unity and comparability whilst strengthening understanding around its many different trajectories. The dual thematic focus on democratization and Europeanization running through the text also helps to reinforce this learning process. Each chapter contains a factual overview to give the reader context concerning the region which will be useful for specialists and newcomers to the subject alike.

Freedom in the World 2006
Freedom in the World 2006

Author: Freedom House

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 924

ISBN-13: 9780742558038

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Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 192 countries and a group of select territories are used by policy makers, the media, international corporations, and civic activists and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. Press accounts of the survey findings appear in hundreds of influential newspapers in the United States and abroad and form the basis of numerous radio and television reports. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.

Democratisation in the European Neighbourhood
Democratisation in the European Neighbourhood

Author: Michael Emerson

Publisher: CEPS

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 241

ISBN-13: 9290795921

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Approaches democratization of the European neighbourhood from two sides, first exploring developments in the states themselves and then examining what the European Union has been doing to promote the process.

A History of Yugoslavia
A History of Yugoslavia

Author: Marie-Janine Calic

Publisher: Purdue University Press

Published: 2019-02-15

Total Pages: 443

ISBN-13: 1612495648

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Why did Yugoslavia fall apart? Was its violent demise inevitable? Did its population simply fall victim to the lure of nationalism? How did this multinational state survive for so long, and where do we situate the short life of Yugoslavia in the long history of Europe in the twentieth century? A History of Yugoslavia provides a concise, accessible, comprehensive synthesis of the political, cultural, social, and economic life of Yugoslavia—from its nineteenth-century South Slavic origins to the bloody demise of the multinational state of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Calic takes a fresh and innovative look at the colorful, multifaceted, and complex history of Yugoslavia, emphasizing major social, economic, and intellectual changes from the turn of the twentieth century and the transition to modern industrialized mass society. She traces the origins of ethnic, religious, and cultural divisions, applying the latest social science approaches, and drawing on the breadth of recent state-of-the-art literature, to present a balanced interpretation of events that takes into account the differing perceptions and interests of the actors involved. Uniquely, Calic frames the history of Yugoslavia for readers as an essentially open-ended process, undertaken from a variety of different regional perspectives with varied composite agenda. She shuns traditional, deterministic explanations that notorious Balkan hatreds or any other kind of exceptionalism are to blame for Yugoslavia’s demise, and along the way she highlights the agency of twentieth-century modern mass society in the politicization of differences. While analyzing nuanced political and social-economic processes, Calic describes the experiences and emotions of ordinary people in a vivid way. As a result, her groundbreaking work provides scholars and learned readers alike with an accessible, trenchant, and authoritative introduction to Yugoslavia's complex history.

Independence Movements and Their Aftermath
Independence Movements and Their Aftermath

Author: Jon B. Alterman

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2018-11-23

Total Pages: 226

ISBN-13: 1442280816

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This volume explores the varied outcomes that self-determination movements around the world have achieved, and in particular seeks to understand what factors promote better outcomes and what factors promote worse ones. Rather than focusing on the metric of achieving independence, the project evaluates the quality of societies after independence, including such elements as economic strength and political resilience, and it analyzes what factors contribute to different outcomes. The study finds that the single most determinative factor in the success of any independence movement is frequently beyond the control of such a movement, often relating to the global and historical contexts in which the movement finds itself. However, a whole host of factors are within the control of such a movement, but movements do not always seek to act on many of them. Activists become so convinced in the justness of the independence cause that they do not focus on actions that would contribute to greater success after independence.