The Carter Presidency

The Carter Presidency

Author: John Dumbrell

Publisher: Manchester University Press

Published: 1995

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 9780719046933

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With its associated images of the Iranian hostage crisis, the presidency of Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1981 is often regarded as a nadir in modern American national leadership. In this re-evaluation, John Dumbrell looks at Carter's years in the White House from a post-cold war perspective, and argues that Carter was neither incompetent nor lacking in a compassionate vision.


The Carter Administration and Vietnam

The Carter Administration and Vietnam

Author: Steven Hurst

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2016-07-27

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 1349247820

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An examination of the policy of the US Administration of Jimmy Carter towards Vietnam between 1977 and 1980. The book focuses on the attempt of the Carter Administration to normalise relations with Vietnam and the reasons for the failure of that effort. Using a belief systems approach to explain the policy choices of key decision-makers the book presents a new explanation of the policy in question and of the decision to abandon the attempt to normalise relations at the end of 1978.


The Post-Heroic Presidency

The Post-Heroic Presidency

Author: Michael A. Genovese

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2016-06-13

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13:

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This book examines how presidents from Nixon to Obama have faced the challenges of global leadership in a dramatically changing world—one with more limited resources and an increasing number of threatening challengers. The immediate post-World War II era was undeniably a period of American power and influence. Even during the Cold War, the United States was the leader of the West, exerting wide-ranging power internationally. But beginning with the Vietnam War, America began experiencing a series of setbacks and challenges to its power. The Post-Heroic Presidency: Leveraged Leadership in an Age of Limits examines how U.S. presidents have attempted to reverse or contend with this new era of limited power in which presidential leadership is hamstrung due to an increasingly globalized and interdependent world—one where power is more diffuse and the system of checks and balances bind a president in an age of hyper-partisanship. The book examines presidents of the 20th and 21st centuries, explaining how the first U.S. president to confront this new age was Richard Nixon, who—along with Henry Kissinger—developed a sophisticated approach to deal with the recalibration of American power. It documents how other recent presidents have either tried to make peace with limited power (Jimmy Carter), reverse the decline (Ronald Reagan), ignore the implications of limits (George W. Bush), or find ways to lead that were less ambitious, more prudent, and less unilateral (George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama). In the cases of Clinton and Obama, this shift to using "soft power," persuasion, and multilateralism earned them criticism that they are "weak," thereby undermining their efforts to lead—both at home and abroad.


American Foreign Policy Since World War II

American Foreign Policy Since World War II

Author: Steven W. Hook

Publisher: CQ Press

Published: 2015-03-03

Total Pages: 489

ISBN-13: 1483368513

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Steven Hook and John Spanier’s classic text, American Foreign Policy Since World War II, celebrates its Twentieth Edition. It has remained the standard for guiding students through the complexities of American foreign policy by showing how recent developments confirm the book’s overarching theme—that there is an American “style” of foreign policy imbued with a distinct sense of national exceptionalism. Giving students important historical context, the book allows them to grasp the functions and frequent dysfunctions of the nation’s evolving foreign policy agenda. In this new edition, chapters covering the end of the Cold War have been combined and streamlined, making room for a new chapter that examines the aftershocks of the Arab Spring, political breakdowns in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the rise of the Islamic State. The final chapter considers the revival of power politics in world politics, with Russia and China stepping up their attempts to weaken the United States and create a multipolar world. The book ends by reconsidering America’s distinctive style of foreign policy and its resilience amid such turbulence since World War II.


The Presidency and the Middle Kingdom

The Presidency and the Middle Kingdom

Author: Michael P. Riccards

Publisher: Lexington Books

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 266

ISBN-13: 9780739101292

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In this book Michael Riccards, renowned scholar of the American presidency, focuses his study on the vagaries of presidential leadership between nations. Tracing the history of the often difficult and contentious diplomatic relations between the United States and China, Riccards describes and analyzes various meetings and interactions. He concludes that war and trade necessities intimately bound the histories of both nations--often in spite of their individual rhetoric and initiatives. Students and scholars whose focus is the points of contact between U.S. and Asian history will find this book essential reading.


US Foreign Policy and the Iran Hostage Crisis

US Foreign Policy and the Iran Hostage Crisis

Author: David Patrick Houghton

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2001-05-21

Total Pages: 276

ISBN-13: 9780521805094

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Why did a handful of Iranian students seize the American embassy in Tehran in November 1979? Why did most members of the US government initially believe that the incident would be over quickly? Why did the Carter administration then decide to launch a rescue mission, and why did it fail so spectacularly? US Foreign Policy and the Iran Hostage Crisis examines these puzzles and others, using an analogical reasoning approach to decision-making, a theoretical perspective which highlights the role played by historical analogies in the genesis of foreign policy decisions. Using interviews with key decision-makers on both sides, Houghton provides an analysis of one of the United States' greatest foreign policy disasters, the events of which continue to poison relations between the two states. The book will be of interest to students and scholars of foreign policy analysis and international relations.


Crucible of Power

Crucible of Power

Author: Howard Jones

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 0742564533

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Employing a narrative approach that uncovers the tangled and often confusing nature of foreign affairs, Crucible of Power focuses on the personalities, security interests, and post-war/Cold War tendencies behind the formulation and implementation of U.S. foreign policy since 1945. The book includes updated coverage of the Bush administration's foreign policy, with particular emphasis on the Middle East. Selections from key foreign policy documents appear in each chapter.


Historical Dictionary of the Carter Era

Historical Dictionary of the Carter Era

Author: Diane Kaufman

Publisher: Scarecrow Press

Published: 2013-02-28

Total Pages: 323

ISBN-13: 0810879689

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James Earl Carter, Jr. – better known as Jimmy Carter – was not the greatest or most popular president of the United States but he did accomplish quite a lot in the fields of civil rights, energy and foreign policy during his term from 1977 to 1981. However, the economy fared badly and he lost face in his dealings with Iran. So when he left after one term, he was not greatly missed… or so it seemed. For, after the presidency, he made an amazing comeback as a diplomat and trouble-shooter in international crises, becoming an amazing ex-president. And even the earlier views of his presidency have been improving… at least he did not get the country into a war. This rather special trajectory is explained in the Historical Dictionary of the Carter Era, with an obvious focus on his term as president. His run for the presidency and what he did during his term in office is traced carefully by the chronology. The introduction takes a longer view and also puts events in a broader context. Then the dictionary section, with hundreds of detailed and cross-referenced entries, tells us more about his policy in various fields but also how America changed culturally and socially during this period. The extensive bibliography points toward further information, although this book is certainly a good starting point and also a place to refresh one’s memory.


Knowing the Adversary

Knowing the Adversary

Author: Keren Yarhi-Milo

Publisher: Princeton University Press

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 0691159157

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States are more likely to engage in risky and destabilizing actions such as military buildups and preemptive strikes if they believe their adversaries pose a tangible threat. Yet despite the crucial importance of this issue, we don't know enough about how states and their leaders draw inferences about their adversaries' long-term intentions. Knowing the Adversary draws on a wealth of historical archival evidence to shed new light on how world leaders and intelligence organizations actually make these assessments.Keren Yarhi-Milo examines three cases: Britain's assessments of Nazi Germany's intentions in the 1930s, America's assessments of the Soviet Union's intentions during the Carter administration, and the Reagan administration's assessments of Soviet intentions near the end of the Cold War. She advances a new theoretical framework-called selective attention-that emphasizes organizational dynamics, personal diplomatic interactions, and cognitive and affective factors. Yarhi-Milo finds that decision makers don't pay as much attention to those aspects of state behavior that major theories of international politics claim they do. Instead, they tend to determine the intentions of adversaries on the basis of preexisting beliefs, theories, and personal impressions. Yarhi-Milo also shows how intelligence organizations rely on very different indicators than decision makers, focusing more on changes in the military capabilities of adversaries.Knowing the Adversary provides a clearer picture of the historical validity of existing theories, and broadens our understanding of the important role that diplomacy plays in international security.