Methylene Blue Trihydrate (MBT) has a variety of biomedical and biologically therapeutic applications. MBT was nominated by the Nat. Cancer Inst. for carcinogenecity testing based on the numerous uses of this compound and the lack of long-term toxicity data, including epidemiological studies of MBT, as well as the inadequate animal data on this compound. Male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were administered MBT in 0.5% aqueous methylcellulose by gavage for 1 month, 3 months, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted using ¿Salmonella typhimurium,¿ ¿Escherichia coli,¿ cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, mouse bone marrow cells, and mouse peripheral blood erythrocytes. Illustrations.
Methylene blue (MB) is a biocompatible and environmentally friendly material that has been widely used in clinical and biomedical research fields for over a century. In addition, it also has wide applications in other fields, such as dyeing and finishing industry, aquaculture industry, photocatalysis and food industry.This landmark publication is unique as it covers MB-mediated in vivo fluorescence, photoacoustic imaging and light-induced cancer therapy. The optical properties and photothermal effect of MB are also systematically described.
The latest edition of this text provides a comprehensive overview of the “natural flow of knowledge” regarding inflammatory bowel disease, with an emphasis on state-of-the art approaches that should be the basis for diagnosis and treatment of most patients. In addition to updated chapters, this volume includes new chapters on such topics as the impending biosimilar revolution, quality of care, and new challenges to previously held beliefs about IBD diagnosis, treatment, and pathogenesis. The book is also one of the first to have a chapter written specifically by and for physician extenders in the training of colleagues and the treatment of patients, which is of increasing importance moving forward in the medical profession. Written by experts in the field, Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Diagnosis and Therapeutics, Third Edition is a valuable resource for physicians, nurses, researchers, and other health care providers interested in the latest cutting-edge knowledge for treating patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
This volume of the IARC Monographs provides an assessment of the carcinogenicity of 14 drugs and herbal products. The IARC Monographs Working Group relied mainly on epidemiological studies to evaluate the carcinogenic hazard to humans exposed to the drugs digoxin (widely prescribed for the treatment of chronic heart failure), pioglitazone (used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus), and hydrochlorothiazide (used to treat hypertension). Other agents evaluated included the drugs primidone, sulfasalazine, pentosan polysulfate sodium, and triamterene, and five herbal products (or their components): Aloe vera whole leaf extract, goldenseal root powder, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract, kava extract, and pulegone. In view of the limited agent-specific information available from epidemiological studies, assessments of these agents relied mainly on carcinogenicity bioassays to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to exposed humans.
One of the most vivid memories from my medical school training was seeing my first surgical operation on a patient with Crohn’s disease. The senior surgeon at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City, the same institution at which Burrill Crohn, Leon Ginzburg, and Gordon Oppenheimer had first described the disease “terminal ileitis,” had - doubtedly done countless operations on patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the past. Yet as we both gazed down into the patient’s open abdomen, at the “creeping fat” that seemed to be wrapping its sticky fingers around the young man’s intestines, he stated, “this is the m- tery of Crohn’s disease—no two patients are ever the same. ” What is it about the inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis, that we find so intriguing? Is it the young age of the patients, many who are younger than even the medical students - tending to them? Or is it the elusive etiology, the theory of a “mystery organism” that has yet to be identified? Perhaps it is the familial pattern of disease, where many patients have relatives with similar diseases, yet in some instances only one of a pair of identical twins is affected. Regardless of the cause, these chronic diseases with a typically early age of onset, result in a long-term commitment of the patient, their fa- lies, friends, health care providers, researchers, employers, and even health care insurers and other health-related industries.
Examining intercellular infections in certain plant species that lead to a symbiotic relationship between the host and its endophytic microbes, this volume demonstrates the ability of many types of endosymbionts, acting as a unit with hosts to better survive, compete and reproduce. Practical applications of such endophytes are also discussed, for e
Praise for the Second Edition “This book should be an essential part of the personal library of every practicing statistician.”—Technometrics Thoroughly revised and updated, the new edition of Nonparametric Statistical Methods includes additional modern topics and procedures, more practical data sets, and new problems from real-life situations. The book continues to emphasize the importance of nonparametric methods as a significant branch of modern statistics and equips readers with the conceptual and technical skills necessary to select and apply the appropriate procedures for any given situation. Written by leading statisticians, Nonparametric Statistical Methods, Third Edition provides readers with crucial nonparametric techniques in a variety of settings, emphasizing the assumptions underlying the methods. The book provides an extensive array of examples that clearly illustrate how to use nonparametric approaches for handling one- or two-sample location and dispersion problems, dichotomous data, and one-way and two-way layout problems. In addition, the Third Edition features: The use of the freely available R software to aid in computation and simulation, including many new R programs written explicitly for this new edition New chapters that address density estimation, wavelets, smoothing, ranked set sampling, and Bayesian nonparametrics Problems that illustrate examples from agricultural science, astronomy, biology, criminology, education, engineering, environmental science, geology, home economics, medicine, oceanography, physics, psychology, sociology, and space science Nonparametric Statistical Methods, Third Edition is an excellent reference for applied statisticians and practitioners who seek a review of nonparametric methods and their relevant applications. The book is also an ideal textbook for upper-undergraduate and first-year graduate courses in applied nonparametric statistics.
