Republic of Kazakhstan

Republic of Kazakhstan

Author: International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2017-05-11

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 1475598718

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Kazakhstan continues to withstand challenges from lower oil prices and slower growth in Russia, China, and Europe. While buffers are strong, the shocks exposed vulnerabilities, including dependence on oil and other commodities; gaps in public administration, the business environment, and competitiveness; and long-standing banking weaknesses. The authorities’ response—targeted fiscal support, exchange rate (ER) adjustment, enhanced monetary policy management, and structural reforms focusing on the business climate and the public sector—has stabilized conditions. Growth in 2016 was positive, and a pickup is expected in 2017. Medium-term prospects are subdued, due to continued lower oil prices and conditions in key trading partners. Growth is projected to reach 2.5 percent in 2017 and non-oil growth should reach 4 percent by 2021. This will reflect the implementation of announced reforms, unlocking of bank lending, and a further increase in oil production. Uncertainty is high, given exposure to commodity price developments.


Republic of Kazakhstan

Republic of Kazakhstan

Author: International Monetary Fund

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2002-03-19

Total Pages: 68

ISBN-13: 1451820828

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This 2001 Article IV Consultation for Kazakhstan highlights that real GDP growth in 2001 is expected to be about 13 percent, driven by the strong growth in the petroleum sector and associated spillover effects. Inflation has declined further to 6.4 percent in December (year-over-year). Gross international reserves of the National Bank of Kazakhstan have risen to US$2.5 billion, which provides for about three months of import coverage. The general government surplus is projected to be about 3.3 percent of GDP in 2001, on account of higher oil revenue, but also reflecting economic buoyancy.


Republic of Kazakhstan

Republic of Kazakhstan

Author: International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2024-10-17

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13:

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Launched in 2018, the Astana International Financial Center (AIFC) aims to establish a leading international financial center for financial services in Astana, as well as to attract foreign investment and support the growth and development of Kazakhstan and the region. Drawing from a model adopted in the Gulf region, the AIFC is established as a distinct and separate jurisdiction operating under its own legal structure, governance arrangements and regulatory framework (the Astana Financial Services Authority (AFSA) is the designated regulatory authority). Nonetheless, there are multiple interconnections between the AIFC and the domestic financial system that may impact financial stability in Kazakhstan. Policy challenges arise when financial services may be provided under distinct legal and regulatory arrangements from both a ‘domestic’ jurisdiction and a jurisdictionally-separated international financial center. Financial activity in the Center remains small, limiting the immediate risks to Kazakhstan financial stability, but given the strategy of the Center, service provision is expected to increase and interlinkages with the Kazakhstan financial system to grow, raising the systemic importance of the AIFC, as well as the associated risks. While some positive steps have been taken to address these risks, additional enhancements are advisable, to further reinforce regulatory arrangements and lower the risks of spillover, arbitrage, and gaps arising from the co-existence of separate regulatory frameworks for the domestic financial system and the AIFC. Development of a Financial Stability Protocol would codify objectives, responsibilities and working procedures and help ensure effective cooperation and collaboration between the Kazakhstan domestic regulatory agency (ARDFM), the central bank (NBK), and AFSA, in support of the common goal of financial stability in Kazakhstan.


Making Finance Work for Africa

Making Finance Work for Africa

Author: Patrick Honohan

Publisher: World Bank Publications

Published: 2007

Total Pages: 264

ISBN-13: 0821369105

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Drawing on its extensive experience in helping restructure and reform financial systems, the World Bank examines the state of African domestic financial systems in a global comparison. It identifies promising trends as well as pinpointing the major shortcomings that are observed across sub-Saharan Africa. Policy recommendations distinguish between those designed to make finance a more effective driver of economic growth and those designed to give low income, small-scale and other excluded groups better access to financial services.


Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance

Powering the Digital Economy: Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence in Finance

Author: El Bachir Boukherouaa

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 2021-10-22

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13: 1589063953

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This paper discusses the impact of the rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the financial sector. It highlights the benefits these technologies bring in terms of financial deepening and efficiency, while raising concerns about its potential in widening the digital divide between advanced and developing economies. The paper advances the discussion on the impact of this technology by distilling and categorizing the unique risks that it could pose to the integrity and stability of the financial system, policy challenges, and potential regulatory approaches. The evolving nature of this technology and its application in finance means that the full extent of its strengths and weaknesses is yet to be fully understood. Given the risk of unexpected pitfalls, countries will need to strengthen prudential oversight.


Central Banking Technical Assistance to Countries in Transition

Central Banking Technical Assistance to Countries in Transition

Author: Ms.Susana Almuina

Publisher: International Monetary Fund

Published: 1995-12-15

Total Pages: 174

ISBN-13: 9781557754462

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This book, edited by J.B. Zulu, Ian S. McCarthy, Susana Almuiña, and Gabriel Sensenbrenner, presents the proceedings of the special Joint Meetings on Central Banking Technical Assistance held in St. Petersburg, Russia in 1994, and provides detailed information on important issues in central banking, including a comparative sample of 31 countries. The arrangements concerning such issues as the size and composition of the policymaking board, the role of the central bank in monetary and exchange rate policy, resolution of conflict between the central bank and the government, public accountability, relations with the markets, and credit to the government are reviewed.