Labor Market Distortions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of the People's Republic of China Economy

Labor Market Distortions, Rural-Urban Inequality, and the Opening of the People's Republic of China Economy

Author: Thomas Hertel

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2008-05

Total Pages: 42

ISBN-13: 1437900607

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Evaluates the impact of some key factor market reforms on rural-urban inequality & income distribution, using a household-disaggregated, recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model of the People¿s Republic of China. It also explores how these factor market reforms interact with product market reforms currently under way as part of the country¿s World Trade Org. (WTO) accession process. The simulation results show that reforms in the rural land rental market & hukou system, as well as increasing off-farm labor mobility, would reduce the urban-rural income ratio dramatically. Furthermore, the combination of WTO accession & factor market reforms improves both efficiency & equality significantly. Charts, tables & graphs.


Energy Market and Policies in ASEAN

Energy Market and Policies in ASEAN

Author: Shankar Sharma

Publisher: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies

Published: 1991

Total Pages: 270

ISBN-13: 9813035854

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This book provides a detailed understanding of the energy situation in ASEAN and analyses the key aspects of the energy strategies and policies of the member countries in broader regional and international perspectives. It presents a regional comparative analysis of the energy demand pattern, the prospects for regional oil and gas production, the future of the regional refining sector, and various policies adopted to overcome the problems created by energy crises in the region. The challenges of the energy sector in the ASEAN countries — Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand — are then examined in greater detail.


Measuring Willingness to Pay for Electricity

Measuring Willingness to Pay for Electricity

Author: Peter Choynowski

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2008-05

Total Pages: 26

ISBN-13: 1437900542

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The measurement of willingness to pay for electricity relies critically on a reliable estimate of the demand for electricity function. Empirical work tends to assume that the demand for electricity has no satiation point. Many electricity demand models assume a constant price elasticity, which implies infinite demand at low prices. This report proposes a plausible functional form for the demand of electricity. The proposed functional form is consistent with two properties of electricity demand functions for households & firms, namely, the negative relationships between price & quantity, & the finiteness of demand at zero price. The report also demonstrates that this functional form of the demand function leads to easily estimable economic benefits of electricity.


Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam

Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Viet Nam

Author: Arsenio M. Balisacan

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2011-04

Total Pages: 35

ISBN-13: 1437980147

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Viet Nam's dramatic transition and growth in the 1990s have been attributed to a series of reforms, known as "doi moi," which began in the late 1980s. Economic growth of nearly 8% yearly benefited the poor and reduced poverty from 61% in 1993 to 37% in 1998. The proportionate increases in the incomes of the poorest quintile were appreciably larger than those of the top 20 or 40% of the population. This result is at variance with typical findings for other countries, which indicate that welfare gains from growth are smallest for the lowest quintile and rise with income group. The results for Viet Nam suggest that the faster the growth rate, the lesser becomes the role of distributive factors that directly influence the poor's well-being. A print on demand report.


Framework for Establishing Priorities in a Country Poverty Reduction Strategy

Framework for Establishing Priorities in a Country Poverty Reduction Strategy

Author: Ron Duncan

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2008-05

Total Pages: 30

ISBN-13: 1437900550

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This paper reviews the history & progress of understanding development theory over the past 50 years. Development thinking has evolved from an early paradigm that focused on savings & capital investment to subsequent arguments favoring the inclusion of human capital, policy, technical change, & finally to the inclusion of the role of institutions, & good governance. Secure property rights in the broadest sense, which are applicable to all resources & not just land, are particularly important to realize investment yield. This evolution of development thought describes a conceptual framework that can guide development practitioners in prioritizing, sequencing, & characterizing all interventions aimed at reducing poverty.


Role of Infrastructure in Land-Use Dynamics and Rice Production in Viet Nam's Mekong River Delta

Role of Infrastructure in Land-Use Dynamics and Rice Production in Viet Nam's Mekong River Delta

Author: Christopher Edmonds

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 2008-06

Total Pages: 31

ISBN-13: 1437902049

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Examines the role of infrastructure development and technical change in explaining increases in agricultural production and changes in land use in the Mekong Delta Region of Viet Nam during the mid-1990s. The transportation costs involved in moving agricultural input and output between farms and markets significantly effect farm land use and production decisions. Greater transport costs reduce the likelihood that farms adopt intensive cropping patterns or cultivate non-rice crops. Results suggest that the quality of local water management infrastructure is much more important than transport costs in explaining the increased intensity of land use and level of production observed in the Mekong Delta during the 1990s. Illustrations.