Structural Adjustment and Intersectoral Shifts in Tanzania
Structural Adjustment and Intersectoral Shifts in Tanzania

Author: Peter Wobst

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2001-01-01

Total Pages: 219

ISBN-13: 0896291200

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Examines structural adjustment and stabilization policies in Tanzania from the mid-1980s to the late 1990s. Formulates a model to analyse the effects of these policies on overall economic growth, sectoral performance, welfare and income distribution. Highlights the policy bias against agriculture, exchange rate devaluation and the behaviour of commodity markets. Includes a review of the transition to a free market economy since independence in 1961.

Prospects for the sectoral transformation of the rural economy in Tanzania: A review of the evidence
Prospects for the sectoral transformation of the rural economy in Tanzania: A review of the evidence

Author: Benson, Todd

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2018-01-10

Total Pages: 32

ISBN-13:

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To guide economy-wide modeling efforts to identify specific public investments under Tanzania’s second Agricultural Sector Development Programme (ASDP II), this report provides an analysis of the performance of the rural economy of mainland Tanzania over the period 2008 through 2015, with a focus on the agriculture sector. More broadly, we seek to assess the nature and extent of any structural transformation in the rural economy by understanding trends in various components of it. The insights gained will then be used in the economy-wide modeling work to propose portfolios of public investments to foster both agricultural development in the short term—in alignment with the ASDP-II—and, in the longer-term, a sectoral transformation of the rural economy in which far fewer households rely solely on agriculture for their livelihoods.

Flows and Practices
Flows and Practices

Author: Lyla Mehta

Publisher: African Books Collective

Published: 2017-05-19

Total Pages: 379

ISBN-13: 177922320X

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For the past two decades, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been the dominant paradigm in water resources. This book explores how ideas of IWRM are being translated and adapted in Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Grounded in social science theory and research, it highlights the importance of politics, history and culture in shaping water management practices and reform, and demonstrates how Africa has clearly been a laboratory for IWRM. While a new cadre of professionals made IWRM their mission, we show that poor women and men may not have always benefitted. In some cases IWRM has also offered a distraction from more critical issues such as water and land grabs, privatisation, the negative impacts of water permits, and a range of institutional ambiguities that prevent water allocations to small and poor water users. By critically examining the interpretations and challenges of IWRM, the book contributes to improving water policies and practices and making them more locally appropriate in Africa and beyond.

Our Continent, Our Future
Our Continent, Our Future

Author: P. Thandika Mkandawire

Publisher: IDRC

Published: 2014-05-14

Total Pages: 192

ISBN-13: 155250204X

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Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.

Globalization and Identity
Globalization and Identity

Author: Alan Carling

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Published: 2005-10-28

Total Pages: 296

ISBN-13: 0857712977

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Globalization is often perceived in rather simplistic terms: as a single universal process leading ultimately to global equality and global democracy. The contributors to "Globalisation and Identity" take a different view. Drawing on their expertise across a variety of disciplines they argue that globalisation is far more complex, a fact reflected in a range of key problems - centred on issues of equality and identity - now facing peoples and governments around the world. How can one successfully integrate immigrant populations within the structures of state and civil society? Is national identity compatible with cultural diversity? What are the contradictions posed in the contemporary world by the movement of populations? How does one integrate state structures and national societies themselves within an emergent international political order and a global civil society? Questions of globalisation and identity are of vital importance to aims of global harmony and global equality and this timely work provides a rich and integrated exploration of many of the key issues.

Environmental Economics Research And China's Green Development Strategy
Environmental Economics Research And China's Green Development Strategy

Author: Youguo Zhang

Publisher: World Scientific

Published: 2020-02-20

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 9811202923

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This book discusses several important issues in the practice of China's green development. It analyzes the carbon mitigation, water conservation and environmental pollution from the perspectives of economic development, technological change, production and demand. The book uses various quantitative methods to reveal the pathways of China's green development. The methods include Log Mean Divisia Index, input-output analysis, structural decomposition analysis, data envelope analysis, econometric methods and computable general equilibrium model. The findings, discussions and policy implications of this book contribute to the theory and policy studies in China's green development.

Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa
Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author: Lisa C. Smith

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2006

Total Pages: 134

ISBN-13: 0896291502

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In addressing the pervasive problem of hunger in the developing world, reliable information on food insecurity is essential for effectively targeting assistance, developing interventions, and evaluating progress. Yet arriving at an accurate and comparable measure of food insecurity remains a challenge. This report introduces new estimates of food insecurity based on food acquisition data collected as part of national household expenditure surveys (HESs). The report explores the extent and location of food insecurity, the scientific merit of estimates derived from HES food data, the differences between HES-based estimates and those reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and-ultimately-how HES data can be used to improve the accuracy of the FAO estimates currently used to monitor progress toward reducing hunger

Land, Trees, and Women
Land, Trees, and Women

Author: Maria Agnes R. Quisumbing

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2001-01-01

Total Pages: 114

ISBN-13: 0896291227

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How do women's land rights change as customary tenure systems give way to individualized land tenure? While the individualization of land rights creates incentives for poor farmers in marginal areas to adopt agroforestry, not much is known about its impact on women's land rights. Land, Trees, and Women examines the evolution of customary land tenure institutions in areas of Western Ghana and Western Sumatra where traditional matrilineal inheritance systems have been changing. In these two areas, the authors find that individualization of land tenure has contributed to both increased gender equity and greater efficiency in agroforestry management. While property rights institutions are moving toward providing proper incentives for efficient natural resource management, the authors conclude that any program or legal framework that assigns rights to resources must be evaluated for barriers to women's participation.

Macroeconomic Policy Reforms and Agriculture
Macroeconomic Policy Reforms and Agriculture

Author: Romeo M. Bautista

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2002-01-01

Total Pages: 156

ISBN-13: 0896291332

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This report investigates the income and equity effects of macroeconomic policy reforms in Zimbabwe, emphasizing linkages between macroeconomic policies and agricultural performance and agriculture's influence on aggregate income and its distribution. Analyses focus on reform of the foreign trade regime, public expenditure, and tax policy, along with the potential benefits of combining these structural changes with various land reform scenarios. The study uses a CGE model that provides a policy simulation laboratory in which exogenous policy changes are analyzed for their economywide income and equity effects.The report highlights the need for policy complementarities in Zimbabwe that can contribute to equitable growth. It should be of interest not only to those concerned with recent economic developments in Zimbabwe but also to those concerned with the broader issues of macroeconomic reform and its ultimate effects.

Natural Resource Management in the Hillsides of Honduras
Natural Resource Management in the Hillsides of Honduras

Author: Bruno Barbier

Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst

Published: 2001-01-01

Total Pages: 81

ISBN-13: 0896291251

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Farmers who live in fragile tropical hillsides often operate under severe resource constraints and face difficult tradeoffs when confronted with changes in production conditions. Using a bioeconomic linear programming model, this study simulates the effects of population, market, and technological changes on farmers' income and on their management of the natural resource in a hillside area of Central Honduras. The results show that economic growth and agricultural intensification are not necessarily adverse for fragile environments. In fact, farmer incomes would be much lower and degradation much higher if intensive agriculture had not been adopted. Such a result, however, must be framed within a complex set of conditioning factors, among which agroecology plays a fundamental role. Although the economic advantages of horticultural production are clear in the area studied, this strategy is not suited for all contexts. This report offers a series of policy recommendations that implicitly recognize such limitations, thereby helping to direct resources where they will have their greatest impact.