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Author: Thierry Giamarchi
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2016
Total Pages: 607
ISBN-13: 0198768168
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book presents new experimental tools and theoretical concepts of collective nonequilibrium behavior of quantum systems. The book is based on the Les Houches Summer School of August 2012, "Strongly interacting quantum systems out of equilibrium".
Author: Thierry Giamarchi
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2016-07-07
Total Pages: 464
ISBN-13: 0191080543
DOWNLOAD EBOOKOver the last decade new experimental tools and theoretical concepts are providing new insights into collective nonequilibrium behavior of quantum systems. The exquisite control provided by laser trapping and cooling techniques allows us to observe the behavior of condensed bose and degenerate Fermi gases under nonequilibrium drive or after `quenches' in which a Hamiltonian parameter is suddenly or slowly changed. On the solid state front, high intensity short-time pulses and fast (femtosecond) probes allow solids to be put into highly excited states and probed before relaxation and dissipation occur. Experimental developments are matched by progress in theoretical techniques ranging from exact solutions of strongly interacting nonequilibrium models to new approaches to nonequilibrium numerics. The summer school `Strongly interacting quantum systems out of equilibrium' held at the Les Houches School of Physics as its XCIX session was designed to summarize this progress, lay out the open questions and define directions for future work. This books collects the lecture notes of the main courses given in this summer school.
Author: Edoardo Baldini
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2018-03-28
Total Pages: 360
ISBN-13: 3319774980
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book studies the dynamics of fundamental collective excitations in quantum materials, focusing on the use of state-of-the-art ultrafast broadband optical spectroscopy. Collective behaviour in solids lies at the origin of several cooperative phenomena that can lead to profound transformations, instabilities and phase transitions. Revealing the dynamics of collective excitations is a topic of pivotal importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, as it provides information on the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlation. The experimental framework explored in this book relies on setting a material out-of-equilibrium by an ultrashort laser pulse and monitoring the photo-induced changes in its optical properties over a broad spectral region in the visible or deep-ultraviolet. Collective excitations (e.g. plasmons, excitons, phonons...) emerge either in the frequency domain as spectral features across the probed range, or in the time domain as coherent modes triggered by the pump pulse. Mapping the temporal evolution of these collective excitations provides access to the hierarchy of low-energy phenomena occurring in the solid during its path towards thermodynamic equilibrium. This methodology is used to investigate a number of strongly interacting and correlated materials with an increasing degree of internal complexity beyond conventional band theory.
Author: Francesco Becattini
Publisher: Springer Nature
Published: 2021-07-19
Total Pages: 400
ISBN-13: 3030714276
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book addresses the needs of growing community of graduate students and researchers new to the area, for a survey that covers a wide range of pertinent topics, summarizes the current status of the field, and provides the necessary pedagogical materials for newcomers. The investigation of strongly interacting matter under the influence of macroscopic rotational motion is a new, emerging area of research that encompasses a broad range of conventional physics disciplines such as nuclear physics, astrophysics, and condensed matter physics, where the non-trivial interplay between global rotation and spin is generating many novel phenomena. Edited and authored by leading researchers in the field, this book covers the following topics: thermodynamics and equilibrium distribution of rotating matter; quantum field theory and rotation; phase structure of QCD matter under rotation; kinetic theory of relativistic rotating matter; hydrodynamics with spin; magnetic effects in fluid systems with high vorticity and charge; polarization measurements in heavy ion collisions; hydrodynamic modeling of the QCD plasma and polarization calculation in relativistic heavy ion collisions; chiral vortical effect; rotational effects and related topics in neutron stars and condensed matter systems.
Author: Berthold-georg Englert
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2019-10-30
Total Pages: 336
ISBN-13: 9811213151
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe Julian Schwinger Centennial Conference of 2018 assembled many of Schwinger's students, colleagues, and friends to celebrate this towering figure of twentieth century physics one hundred years after his birth. This proceedings volume collects talks delivered on this occasion. They cover a wide range of topics, all related to Schwinger's rich scientific legacy — supplemented by personal recollections about Julian Schwinger, the physicist, the teacher, and the gentleman.Also included are an essay of 1985, co-authored by Schwinger but not published previously, as well as the transcripts of speeches by distinguished colleagues at the 1978 gathering when Schwinger's sixtieth birthday was celebrated.
Author: Nick Proukakis
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2013
Total Pages: 579
ISBN-13: 1848168128
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis volume provides a broad overview of the principal theoretical techniques applied to non-equilibrium and finite temperature quantum gases. Covering Bose-Einstein condensates, degenerate Fermi gases, and the more recently realised exciton-polariton condensates, it fills a gap by linking between different methods with origins in condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, quantum optics, atomic physics, and statistical mechanics.
Author: Jørgen Rammer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Published: 2011-03-03
Total Pages: 0
ISBN-13: 9780521188005
DOWNLOAD EBOOKQuantum field theory is the application of quantum mechanics to systems with infinitely many degrees of freedom. This 2007 textbook presents quantum field theoretical applications to systems out of equilibrium. It introduces the real-time approach to non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and the quantum field theory of non-equilibrium states in general. It offers two ways of learning how to study non-equilibrium states of many-body systems: the mathematical canonical way and an easy intuitive way using Feynman diagrams. The latter provides an easy introduction to the powerful functional methods of field theory, and the use of Feynman diagrams to study classical stochastic dynamics is considered in detail. The developed real-time technique is applied to study numerous phenomena in many-body systems. Complete with numerous exercises to aid self-study, this textbook is suitable for graduate students in statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics.
Author: Carolyn M. Van Vliet
Publisher: World Scientific
Published: 2008
Total Pages: 987
ISBN-13: 9812704779
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThis book encompasses our current understanding of the ensemble approach to many-body physics, phase transitions and other thermal phenomena, as well as the quantum foundations of linear response theory, kinetic equations and stochastic processes. It is destined to be a standard text for graduate students, but it will also serve the specialist-researcher in this fascinating field; some more elementary topics have been included in order to make the book self-contained.The historical methods of J Willard Gibbs and Ludwig Boltzmann, applied to the quantum description rather than phase space, are featured. The tools for computations in the microcanonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles are carefully developed and then applied to a variety of classical and standard quantum situations. After the language of second quantization has been introduced, strongly interacting systems, such as quantum liquids, superfluids and superconductivity, are treated in detail. For the connoisseur, there is a section on diagrammatic methods and applications.In the second part dealing with non-equilibrium processes, the emphasis is on the quantum foundations of Markovian behaviour and irreversibility via the Pauli-Van Hove master equation. Justifiable linear response expressions and the quantum-Boltzmann approach are discussed and applied to various condensed matter problems. From this basis the Onsager-Casimir relations are derived, together with the mesoscopic master equation, the Langevin equation and the Fokker-Planck truncation procedure. Brownian motion and modern stochastic problems such as fluctuations in optical signals and radiation fields briefly make the round.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Published: 2020-09-14
Total Pages: 315
ISBN-13: 0309499542
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) science underpins many technologies and continues to progress at an exciting pace for both scientific discoveries and technological innovations. AMO physics studies the fundamental building blocks of functioning matter to help advance the understanding of the universe. It is a foundational discipline within the physical sciences, relating to atoms and their constituents, to molecules, and to light at the quantum level. AMO physics combines fundamental research with practical application, coupling fundamental scientific discovery to rapidly evolving technological advances, innovation and commercialization. Due to the wide-reaching intellectual, societal, and economical impact of AMO, it is important to review recent advances and future opportunities in AMO physics. Manipulating Quantum Systems: An Assessment of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics in the United States assesses opportunities in AMO science and technology over the coming decade. Key topics in this report include tools made of light; emerging phenomena from few- to many-body systems; the foundations of quantum information science and technologies; quantum dynamics in the time and frequency domains; precision and the nature of the universe, and the broader impact of AMO science.
Author: Igor V. Lerner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Published: 2002-07-31
Total Pages: 1200
ISBN-13: 9781402007491
DOWNLOAD EBOOKThe physics of strongly correlated fermions and bosons in a disordered envi ronment and confined geometries is at the focus of intense experimental and theoretical research efforts. Advances in material technology and in low temper ature techniques during the last few years led to the discoveries of new physical of atomic gases and a possible metal phenomena including Bose condensation insulator transition in two-dimensional high mobility electron structures. Situ ations were the electronic system is so dominated by interactions that the old concepts of a Fermi liquid do not necessarily make a good starting point are now routinely achieved. This is particularly true in the theory of low dimensional systems such as carbon nanotubes, or in two dimensional electron gases in high mobility devices where the electrons can form a variety of new structures. In many of these sys tems disorder is an unavoidable complication and lead to a host of rich physical phenomena. This has pushed the forefront of fundamental research in condensed matter towards the edge where the interplay between many-body correlations and quantum interference enhanced by disorder has become the key to the understand ing of novel phenomena.
